Bolshoy Kamenny Bridge

55.74680737.612268Koordinaten: 55 ° 44 ' 48.5 "N, 37 ° 36' 44.2 " E

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Moskwa

The Great Stone Bridge (Russian Большой Каменный мост, transkr. Bolshoi Kamenny most ) is a road bridge over the Moskva River in Moscow. It is located directly at the Moscow Kremlin. Today's steel arch bridge was completed in 1938.

Predecessor Structures

Back in the 15th century, the Kremlin was connected by a floating bridge with Samoskworetschje.

First Bridge, 1692

1643 commissioned Michael I. Strasbourg architects Cristler to design a stone bridge. Shortly thereafter died Zar and one of the architects, the project was interrupted. The details of the completion are contradictory; it is dated to the period 1687-1692 and the simple monk Filaret or the politician and patron of architecture Vasily Golitsyn attributed.

First, the bridge was called All Saints Bridge ( Wsechswjatski most), but was later renamed. Your northwestern end was located further south than it is today, on the train today Leniwka Street. According to studies by Ivan Kondratyev it was originally 11 triple cubits wide and spanned the up to 105 meters wide river with five arches, each 40 cubits. Later two more arches were added. At the south end there was a bridge tower, which is considered the first stone triumphal arch in Moscow. The bridge was built with wooden commercial buildings, which were demolished in 1785. She was notorious for illegal street racing with Troika.

Second Bridge, 1859

1859 bridge with three steel sheets ( 36, 40 and 36 meters) was built on stone pillars at the same location.

For the quays no crossing-free bushings were available. This was before the time of the vehicles is a problem and led to the demolition of the bridge in the 1930s.

Today's bridge

For a newer building an architectural competition was held in 1921, none of the designs were selected. Were the second competition, the first prize went to the team of architects Vladimir Schtschuko, Vladimir Helfreich and Mikhail Minkus ( three of the protagonists of the " Stalin - architecture " which on the nearby construction of the Lenin Library and later at some of Moscow's " Stalin skyscrapers " involved ) and the engineer Nikolai Kalmykov. Their design was realized 1935-1938.

The main field has a span of 105 meters and a height of 8.4 meters. Six parallel box-girder steel arches support the 40 meter wide road with eight lanes. The bearings are located on caisson foundations. The quays are crossed on two 42.5 -meter-long bridge spans. The total length including ramps is 487 meters.

The bridge crosses the river just west of the Kremlin and forms a continuation of Mokhovaya and Maneschnaja Street, which converge on the left bank just before the bridge to Borovitskaya Square. At the other end of the bridge, the house on the quayside happens. About the Small Stone Bridge ( Малый Каменный мост / Maly Kammenny most) above the water diversion channel and continue on the streets Bolschaja Poljanka or Jakimanski Projesd and Bolshaya Yakimanka the traffic reaches the Garden Ring.