Borujerd

Borudscherd (Persian بروجرد ) is a city in the province of Lorestan in the west of Iran. It is also the center of the district of the same name.

Borudscherd is one of the oldest cities of Iran, the region bordering the time of the Sassanids at Nahavad. During the Seldschukenherrschaft (9th - 10th century), the city grew in importance and became a geo-strategically important commercial center of Zagrosregion what they remained until the 20th century. During its heyday in the Qajar ( 18th and 19th centuries ) Borudscherd became the center of Lorestan and Khuzestan. Today Borudscherd is the second largest city in the province of Lorestan, while the regional center for industry, culture and tourism. The cityscape is dominated by numerous mosques, bazaars, bridges and houses that were built during the Seljuk and Kadscharenregentschaft.

The urban population of Borudscherd is generally regarded as tolerant, and so settled there over time several religious minorities down, including followers of the Jewish faith, Sufism and the Bahá'í Faith. The city also bears the name Dar -al- Sorur, which means as much as the house of happiness. Today Borudscherd is sometimes referred to as Little Paris (Paris -e Kutschulu ).

Geography and climate

Borudscherd is about 1,670 m above sea level. The climate is characterized by mild temperatures in the summer and cold winters. The highest point is the 3,623 m high Garrin Mountain, the lowest in the south to Gelerud River, which lies at an altitude of 1,400 m. The administrative area of Borudscherd covers an area of ​​2,600 km ² with 400,000 inhabitants and recorded next to the city yet another 180 villages.

Borudscherd is the Silakhor level, the largest agricultural area Lorestans that is enclosed from the southeast to the southwest from the snowcapped Zagros Mountains. The rural population works on farms or keep their own livestock. The urban population is working in factories, small businesses, government offices or in the army. During the summer months at the foot of the Zagros Mountains accumulate many nomads as Luri and Bakhtiari to be where livestock is grazed.

The area run through several highways. It forms a cross between Khuzestan and Tehran, as well as between Esfahan and Kermanshah.

History

The area was inhabited by Borudscherd BC since at least the 3rd century. Meder used the pasture for horse breeding and horse training. The Seleucids taught in Rumian lock into a strategic military garrison. Under the Sassanids Borudscherd be developed into a city where they built a fire temple.

In the fight against the Arab invaders ( 637-651 ), the Iranians took the castle of Borudscherd to support the troops. The final battle took place at Nahavad, 55 km north- west of Borudscherd instead. After the defeat Yazdgerd looked III. in the castle of Borudscherd refuge, whither he was followed by his army. The Islamic governor of the Arabs Abudol ibn Hamulah left the city rebuild and put the Jame ' Mosque on the Zoroastrian Fire Temple.

Seljuk rulers often traveled to Borudscherd and also many of their battles took place here. Berk - Yaruq, Sultan of Großseldschuken (1094-1105), died in Borudscherd. According to some sources, 5 km north of the city Zavvarian is his tomb, but most historians agree that his body was taken to Isfahan.

From about 1000 to 1500 Borudscherd was ruled by the Atabegs of Kleinluristan ( Lur -i kutschik ). Genghis Khan and the Mongols attacked the Principality and destroyed both Borudscherd and Khorramabad. Also Timur attacked the city and destroyed it twice, but took advantage of the Timurid the Borudscherd and the Rumian lock for their military purposes.

During the Safawidenherrschaft (1500-1700) was Borudscherd governed as an independent area that Japlaq or Gapleh that involved with Golpayegan was adjacent.

The Zandkönige (1750-1794) came from Loristan and came from the area around Borudscherd and Malayer.

During the Qajar (1779-1925), the city grew rapidly and soon became the center of several administrative regions ( Borudscherd, Lorestan and Khuzestan ). Many buildings, including the Soltani Mosque, Grand Bazaar, several schools and gardens were built, and the city palace rebuilt.

After Reza Shah Pahlavi (1925-1944) came to power, he had some riots in Lorestan reflected. He built the army again and let railways, roads, hospitals and modern schools in Borudscherd build. During this time the former Borudscherd region was disbanded and assigned to the city of Lorestan province.

After the 1979 revolution and during the Iran- Iraq war Borudscherd many injured and refugees from the province of Khuzestan, where it was itself attacked several times. Alone, 65 children died during an attack at a primary school. In recent years, the population began to rise again, but the town suffered in social problems such as unemployment and drug abuse.

In March 2006, 66 people died in the earthquake - Boroujerdi and 1,400 people were injured.

Historical sights

• Friday Mosque Borudscherd
• Soltani Mosque
• Imamzadeh Ja'far
• Imamzadeh Ghasem
• Imamzadeh Ibrahim
• Imamzadeh Shahzadeh Abol -Hasan
• Imamzadeh Vallian
• Imamzadeh Ghasem
• Zavvarian tomb in Borudscherd
• Ghaleh Hatam - Bridge
• Chalanchulan bridge Borudscherd
• Ghorogh bridge
• Rumian bridge
• Bazaar of Borudscherd

Many of the archaeological sites have not yet been examined.

Language

In a typical Borudscherd for the city dialect is spoken, a mixture of Lori and the Persian standard language. Also, one occasionally finds other dialects as Lori, Leki, local Azeri, and Judeo - Persian, the local Jewish language.

Parks and natural attractions

• The Goldasht Valley
• The Vennaii - Village, Borudscherd
• The Chogha Mountain
• Bishe Dalan - Pond, Borujerd
• Oshtorankuh, dorood
• The woman in the park Borudscherd

Sons and daughters of the town

• Husayn Boroujerdi (1875-1961), Grand Ayatollah
• Abdolhossein Zarinkoob, literary scholar and historian
• Loris Tjeknavorian, composer ( b. 1937 )
• Ja'far Shahidi, historians
• Abdolmohammad Ayati, writer and poet
• Mehrdad Avesta, contemporary poets
• Allameh Bahr Al- Olum, religious scholar of the 19th century
• Samet Boroujerdi, poet ( 19th and 20th Centuries)
• Ehsan Mohajer Shojaei, Athlete

Other spellings

Borujerd, Boroujerd, Borudjerd, Boroojerd, Brujerd, Burujird, Borugerd

Gallery

The Friday Mosque

Fadak Park