Byre-dwelling

As a residential barn house is called a building that combines at least the two functions of living and stable, but can also accommodate other functions, such as threshing floor, barn or mountains area. In general, this is therefore a farmhouse, where the farmer lives with his family and his cattle under one roof. A farm in which all functions are united under one and the same, a structural unit -forming roof, also called a Einhaus.

Description

In the simplest form, the residential barn house is organized on the same level. More options with a vertical separation, somewhat in the manner that the living quarters are on the stable areas.

This form of housing seems to have been very common among the farmers in Europe. Perhaps one of the reasons to live with the cattle under one roof, its use as an additional heat source. This was done despite the harassment, such as the smell.

It is also conceivable, at least in northern latitudes, during winter the cattle were so easily accessible and controllable. The waste with the cattle work could also be done at night due to the light source of the hearth fire without having to leave the house.

Germany

Since the Iron Age spread in the northern German lowlands a developed from the Wohnstallbauten the Bronze Age long house with living area and adjoining cattle stalls. By they come into ever larger herds, the buildings were getting longer. Such Iron Age longhouses have been first excavated in large numbers on the mound Feddersen Wierde at Cuxhaven. In the meantime, can this type of house from Holland to Jutland prove ( see the post home construction )

From it has the hall house, popularly referred to as the Lower House, developed. This is common in the northern German lowlands of the Netherlands to the Gulf of Gdansk and the southern boundary line of the Central Mountains.

To the south, the Ernhaus follows, which also occurs as a stable residential house and found in many subspecies from the Rhine to beyond the Vistula distribution. Early on, it has in this type but also variants with a given separation of the function, so that in these types of building the barn and the barn were spun off as a separate building, or were never even become part of the house.

The Black Forest house is probably a more modern development of a residential barn house, in which case the functions are distributed ( especially on slopes ) and over two floors. Similarly, the Haubarg is in North Frisia a modern development of the early modern period from the East Frisian Gulfhaus.

Switzerland

The since 15-16. Century, resulting mainly in the Engadine Engadine house is a typical residential barn house. It is a massive stone, usually with a wood core, which consists of a consecutive residential and business section under a single broad gable roof. Residential and business section extending over three floors, each with a goal for the basement and ground floor. In the basement of the Royal Mews ( Cuort ) than access to stables and cellars. In the front part of the ground floor of the hallway ( Sulèr, pietan ) is the living area, living room, kitchen, pantry and in the back of the barn for hay. With the hay carts ( tragliun ) you can get into the barn only by the upper gate and the Sulèr. Upstairs ( Palatschin ) are the bedrooms. In the room is the only furnace is heated by the kitchen from the living area. While the layout of the rooms and the positions of the windows and bay windows ( overlooking the fountain square) obey above all a practical point, the facades of the Engadine houses were often designed with rich paintings and Sgraffiti.

The Engadine houses define centuries the townscape of the Engadine villages Ardez, Guarda, Zuoz, La Punt, etc., where they are grouped around a common fountain, forming a village district as a Romanesque village cooperative and economic organization.

British Isles

In England there has been a very similar type of house, from which radicals have received in the southwest. Approximately in the Longhouse variants of Dartmoor in Cornwall or Wales. In Ireland there have similar byre - dwellings, though, appears here the hearth leaning against a gable wall. In northwestern England this type is described in the landscape of Cumbria as well.

Arabia

The old " skyscrapers " in southern and southwestern Arabia also belong to the vertically organized group. The most common examples are located in the Yemeni cities of Sana'a and Shibam. Other buildings can still be found in Saudi Asir and at least in historical times, probably in the entire Hijaz.

Demarcation

The widespread throughout the world various forms of courtyard houses with their respective variants are probably not one of them, since both functions are not located there under the same roof structures but often form kunstruktiv largely independent units which only the same the whole plot comprehensive exterior wall used (eg atrium house, patio house, and others).

Very popular in the East Asian area are houses on stilts. In many of these house forms Pets are traditionally held between the stilts under the houses. Even if this were to ever firmer ingredients, these houses are considered as extensions to the rule and therefore does not indicate the houses as Wohnstallhaus houses.