DB Class 23

1800 PSi

The class 23 German Federal Railroad was an intended for the carriage of passengers and express trains steam locomotive with tender class and the wheel arrangement 1'C1 '.

Development

Towards the end of the 1940s lacked the German Federal Railroad ( DB) powerful Personenzugsloks; existing series were replaced due to age, such as some 40 -year-old Prussian P 8 Under the leadership of Friedrich Witte was developed for the procurement of steam locomotives new construction principles, which were applied for the series 23. In the construction we grabbed a unrealized proposal BMAG for the DR series 23 again, namely a locomotive already at that time favored by Friedrich Witte wheel arrangement 1'C1 ' with combustion chamber boiler. From 1950 105 copies of the newly constructed series for medium-duty passenger and the slight express train service through the Henschel works, the locomotive factory Jung, the locomotive building department of the company Krupp and the Maschinenfabrik Esslingen were built.

As it turned out after the first few times, the new design to meet expectations, the series was universally applicable, moreover, the coal consumption lower than comparable engines. The locomotives of the class 23 can carry a 600 -ton train in the plane at 110 km / h and at a pitch of 10 parts per thousand or with 44 km / h. In test runs showed that the class 23 with her than the P 8 is only 8.5 % larger Kesselheizfläche exceeds the boiler output by 23%; the Drawbar tractive 1480 PSe by more than 50 % higher than the P 8

Design features

The locomotives were welded sheet-metal frame, welded boiler with combustion chamber and self-supporting Tender the type 2'2 'T 31, also in welded construction.

The boilers were made ​​of steel grade St -34, the firebox with the combustion chamber from IZ II steel.

When you drive one made from the front wheelset and the first Kuppelradsatz as Krauss- Helmholtz bogie. The Schleppradsatz other hand, was designed as a more advanced bissel, in which instead of the conventional resetting device with cradle and swing such a counter -acting with arms and on the kingpin provision is used. The drive design of the Series 23 can reverse speeds of 110 km / hr, the determination of the maximum speed when driving backwards on only 85 km / h was only because of the poorer visibility of the driver training when driving with the Tender advance. Moreover, you led the drive so that the Kuppelradsatzlast can optionally be set to 17 or 19 tons.

The locomotives were two Bosch lubrication pumps for centralized lubrication of continuous steam under parts, but also the hard to reach lubrication points of the drive. As regulators came a hot steam multiple valve regulator for installation. Until the establishment number 023 Oberflächenvorwärmer the type Knorr and plain bearings were used. The locomotives with atomic numbers 024 and 025 as well as from order number 053 were fitted with roller bearing for wheel sets and engine and Mischvorwärmern. A few vehicles received Heinl preheaters. The Heusinger control was carried out with the benefit weaker stone jumping and thus better for going astern with Kuhn shear loop. The Kuppelradsätze received on both sides brake shoes.

16 locomotives of the series you knew also with a push-pull train.

In the fully enclosed cab is mounted a spring loaded and heated from below floor plate to give the Lokomotivpersonal better working conditions. There was also a wardrobe and a Wärmeinrichtung for food.

During the construction period and afterwards, there were numerous changes. The steam whistle was moved away from the cab to the chimney, some machines also received a signal bell. From 23 071 locomotives were delivered with an inductive magnet, in the other it has been retrofitted.

In the 1960s, the majority of locomotives received a wet steam regulator, since the multi -valve steam knob repeatedly caused problems. Visually striking was still that from 23 024 cab roof cap was replaced with a round roof, from 23 025 had the front handle bars knobs instead of rings and the carbon box beam were dropped in the tender, from 23 077 cab doors were replaced by hinged doors and from 23 097 instead of screens were attached to the front windows of the cab Druckstauschuten. Later, most other locomotives were retrofitted with these barges. Also the third headlight was added from 1957 only in the course of the construction period.

Use

With the introduction of new series Schemes of the German Railways on 1 January 1968, the series number was changed to 023. The Series 23 has proven itself in the heavy passenger and express train services in the light, often in front of freight trains. Nevertheless, the locomotives were only slightly longer than the Prussian P 8 in the service, which should free it actually is. With the onset of traction change they lost more and more of their applications. Finally, the locomotives were native to the railway depots Crailsheim, Saarbrücken and Kaiserslautern. The scheduled deployment ended on 27 September 1975 as the last locomotive was in December 1975, 23 058 retired Bw Crailsheim.

Machines received

The locomotive with number 23 105, manufactured by Arnold Jung Locomotive factory and commissioned in December 1959 in operation, was the last steam locomotive, which was procured by the German Federal Railroad. Already in 1972, looked at one of them; only for the 150 - year anniversary of the German railways in 1985 was carried out by the German Federal Railroad an operative recovery. The stationed in Nuremberg Transport Museum machine was on the evening of October 17, 2005 severely damaged in a major fire in the roundhouse.

From the series following copies are still available:

• 23 019 at the German Steam Locomotive Museum New Market ( Upper Franconia )
• 23 023 at the Stoom Stichting Nederland in Rotterdam ( operational )
• 23 029 as a memorial in front of the vocational training center in Aalen
• 23 042 in the Railway Museum Darmstadt- Kranichstein ( operational )
• 23 058 at Modern Steam am Hauenstein, as RU set at the EUROVAPOR, housed in the depot Sissach, Canton of Basel -Land ( operational )
• 23 071 at the Veluwsche Stoomtrein Maatschappij Apeldoorn ( operational )
• 23 076 at the Veluwsche Stoomtrein Maatschappij Apeldoorn ( operational since June 2007)
• 23 105 in the South German Railway Museum Heilbronn ( on loan from the DB AG to 2016)