Engelhardia
Engelhardia is a genus of deciduous or evergreen trees of the family of the walnut family ( Juglandaceae ). It occurs in East and Southeast Asia.
Features
The representatives are deciduous, rarely evergreen trees. The pith of the branches is fixed. The buds are naked. The leaves have no stipules and are on opposite sides. They are paired pinnate with 2-14 leaflets. The lower leaf surface is dotted with glandular, leaf margin serrate or completely.
The trees are monoecious or dioecious. The inflorescences are laterally or terminally on this year's or last year's shoots. male and female ears of corn standing in androgynous grapes or separately. The male kitten aged men hang individually or in groups. The female ear is many flowered, erect or bent to fruit ripening down. Pollination is by wind ( anemophily ).
The male flowers have a three-lobed bract, two (rarely missing ) Brakteolen, 1-4 sepals and 3-15 stamens. The anthers are glabrous or hairy. The female flowers have a magnified, three-lobed bract. The two intergrown Brakteolen can be reduced to a narrow ring, or make an eye-catching front cover page, which is adherent to the base of the ovary. The flower has four sepals, those at the top are united at the ovary and free. The stylus is extended. The scar is bilobed with two or four ends or short and vierlappig.
The fruit stand is extended and drooping. The fruit is a three-wing nut with four, rarely two drawers at the base of the fruit.
Germination is epigeal. The first leaves of the seedling are simple or compound. The nodes of the cotyledons has a lacuna and two leaf traces.
The chromosome number is 2n, as with all representatives of the subfamily Engelhardioideae = 32
Etymology
The botanist Jean Baptiste Leschenault de la Tour (1773-1826) named the genus in honor of the Governor of East Java, Nicolaus Engelhard ( 1761-1831 ). The valid publication of the name, but was only by Carl Ludwig Blume.
System
Engelhardia is only a natural affinity group when the usually counted to the genus type Engelhardia roxburghiana is separated as a distinct genus Alfaropsis roxburghiana:
Alfaropsis
Clade with Alfaroa Oreomunnea
Engelhardia
The genus is comprised of four to six types. Especially the Southeast Asian species are not well researched. The types according to Manning in 1978 and Lu et al. 1999 are without E. roxburghiana:
- Engelhardia apoensis, Malaya, Borneo, Philippines
- Engelhardia rigida Java, Borneo, New Guinea, Philippines
- Engelhardia serrata, Southwest China, Indochina, Indonesia, Philippines
- Engelhardia hainanensis, only in China (Hainan )
- Engelhardia spicata, of Nepal on SE Asia to Philippines and New Guinea
Documents
- Anmin Lu, Donald E. Stone & LJ Grauke: Juglandaceae, in: Flora of China, Volume 4, 1999, pp. 277-285. Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. (pdf, 153 kB)
- Wayne E. Manning: The classification within the Juglandaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, Volume 65, 1978, p 1058-1087.
- Paul S. Manos, Donald E. Stone: Evolution, Phylogeny, and Systematics of the Juglandaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, Volume 88, 2001, pp. 231-269.