Gate

As the gateway (Latin porta ) is in architecture refers to a larger opening in a building, a wall or a fence. The term gateway has evolved from the Latin term. In a figurative sense the word is used also for a correspondingly large door that closes the gate.

Typical goals are:

  • The city gate as the opening in the city wall
  • The castle gate as an entrance to a castle, often called a gateway or chamber gate running ( with a gate, portcullis and the like )
  • The garden as an opening in the fence ( wall, hedge, fence) of the garden, often referred to as gate
  • The factory gate or entrance of a commercial system ( with sliding door, high speed door, with bar )
  • The garage door when opening a garage or workshop ( as with roller door )
  • The farm gate as an opening to a private courtyard / patio
  • The barn as a particularly large opening of a barn eg for hay wagon
  • Gattertor to the drive-through of grazing livestock or passage of vehicles, for example, of a plot of pasture land

(Also called triumphal arches ) Honorary goals are usually independent gate buildings that were built only for representation purposes or for demonstrating the power. These include built in honor triumphant rulers or generals triumphal arches ).

Past Goals

Among the most famous gates of the ancient counts the Babylonian Ishtar Gate from the 6th century BC, which was the input of a stepped punch. An example of an early European door system is the Porta Nigra in Trier from the year 180 AD It served as a city gate of the Roman city wall and should at the same time put the power of the Roman Empire on display.

In the Middle Ages the city walls also played an important role in the defense of a city, so was great the importance of the city gates. Often, the city gates were built in towers, these were not only the defense, but - with ornaments, reliefs and sculptures equipped - also of representation.

Some examples of medieval town gates:

  • Eigelstein, Hahnentor, Ulrepforte, Severinstor in Cologne from the 12th and 13th centuries
  • The Florian Gate in Kraków from the beginning of the 14th century
  • The witches tower in Jülich from the beginning of the 14th century
  • The Isar Gate in Munich from the 14th century
  • The Holsten Gate in Lübeck from the 15th century
  • The Jerusalem Gate in Büdingen (Hessen) from 1503
  • The well-preserved city gates in Nördlingen in Bavaria from the 14th to 17th century

In the 15th century cannons were developed, with which one could shoot down the castle and city walls. This increasingly dropped the military importance of the city gates, but representative systems were still built.

Some examples of the goals of modern times:

  • Built in Heidelberg Karlstor from the years 1775-1781 as a gift of the citizens of the city of Heidelberg to Elector Karl Theodor
  • The Brandenburg Gate from the years 1788-1791
  • The Arc de Triomphe from the years 1806-1836

Contemporary Goals

Representative gates be built in the present - an example is the built in the years 1985-1989, 110 m high Grande Arche in the Parisian suburb of La Défense, which is on the same axis as the above-mentioned Royal Arc de Triomphe. However, the building is not limited to the representation, but also houses offices and exhibit space.

Often, the building does not make the form of a historical city gate or triumphal arch and yet the city planners, local politicians and investors are referred by leading goals as a ( symbolic ) gates or special area. An example is the exhibition gatehouse in Frankfurt am Main from the year 1983.

Others

A wicket door is a gateway integrated into a large gate in larger dimension than a door. It allows easier access without having to open the big gate, eg Workshop driveways.

Bologna Italy Bargfeld Villa Haas Latticework Porch Fortification 12th century 13th century Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria Integrated Authority File
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