Halych
Halych (Ukrainian Галич; Galich Russian, Polish Halicz; Halych German, Yiddish העליטש / Heylitsch ) is a small town in western Ukraine.
Geography
Halych is the center of Rajons same name. The city is situated on the banks of the Dniester river and is dominated by the lying on a plateau castle Halych.
It has a railway connection and is located approximately 29 kilometers of railway and 26 road miles in a north-easterly direction away from Oblastzentrum Ivano -Frankivsk.
Halych is in the pre- Carpathian country and was founded in the 9th century. 1367 got Halych granted town rights and was the capital of the Principality Halych - Volhynia. From the name has been derived to Austria - Hungarian period, the name for the crown land Galicia.
History of the City
The city of Halych was eponymous for the whole land of Galicia. It was mentioned in chronicles 898 and developed from a small village to the capital of Halyčyna. End of the 11th century, occupied by King Andrew II of Hungary at that time to Kievan Rus Principality of Halych belonging. His father put him in 1188 as a result Halych as King of Galicia one. The expelled from Halych Prince Vladimir Yaroslavich won but after a short time the rule with Polish and German help back. In the 13th century, the Principality of Halych Volhynia was connected with the Principality of Halych - Volhynia and was under Russian rule. 1253 Daniel of Halych received from the hand of the Archbishop on behalf of Pope Innocent IV the royal crown. On the hill, which rises above the town, the remains of the old castle are found ( 14th to 17th century). The construction of the castle began in 1367th
1569-1772 was the Halitscher country ( Ziemia Halicka, shiemia halitzka ) part of Ruthenia Voivodeship, an administrative unit of the Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth. The capital of the province Lviv ( now Ukraine), the seat of parliament was Sądowa Wisznia. At the beginning of the 17th century the Tatars tried several times to conquer the castle, which they finally succeeded in 1621. After concomitant destruction and subsequent painstaking reconstruction remained only a few quiet years - in 1658, the final destruction of the castle by the Tatars.
1772 was the territory of Ruthenia Voivodeship of Austria (later Austria - Hungary ), where it remained as part of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria crown land until 1918. Between the two world wars from 1918/20, the town belonged to Poland and was here in 1921 as an independent city in the province Stanislav. In 1939, she was part of the Soviet Union and the end of the Soviet era in 1991 part of Ukraine.
Already in 1864 the town was granted a rail connection on the railway line from Lviv to Chernivtsi, 1897 followed also the state railway line Halicz - Ostrow - Berezowica ( ended south of Ternopil ).
In the market place is still to be seen by the statue of the founder of Halyčyna and of Prince Danilo Romanovich of Galicia.
The city is known for the Galician- Volhynian Chronicle, one of the first written documents of the Ukrainian language.
Attractions
Former Church of St. Anna and the Dominican Monastery
The Church of St. Anne and the Dominican monastery in Halych were a historic complex of the Roman Catholic Church from the first half of the 13th century, which no longer exists now. The monastery was dissolved on 14 April 1787.
After the Dominicans were forced out of Kiev in 1233, they took over in the new capital of the Principality of Halych - Volodymyr a mission church of St. John the Baptist. The monastery was founded in 1238 by Saint Hyacinth of Poland.
In the mid-17th century, the monastery was destroyed by Cossack and Tartar raids. In 1660 has Andrzej Potocki, the Starosta (a kind of governor or district head ) of Galicia and the castellan of Krakow, can build a new monastery in timber for Dominicans, together with the church of St. Anna.
People
- Józef Boruwłaski
- Daniel of Halych
- Koloman, Prince of Halych
- Cunegonde of Halych
- Bolesław George II of Halych