Jean-Rodolphe Perronet
Jean -Rodolphe Perronet (* October 27, 1708 in Suresnes, † February 27, 1794 in Paris) was a French architect and civil engineer of the modern Steinbrück building, which is known for its stone arch bridges. His most famous work is the Pont de la Concorde from 1787.
Life and work
He was the son of a Swiss guard from France, so the Perronet David (* 1685) and his wife Marie. At age 17, he joined as an apprentice in the company of Jean Beausire ( 1651-1743 ). He was concerned with the planning and construction of the Paris wastewater facilities, the dam production and maintenance of roads in the suburbs. 1735, he was sous- Ingénieur appointed sub - engineer of Alençon and 1736, he joined the Corps des ponts et chaussées. In 1737 he was sous- Ingénieur, then engineer the Généralité (district administration) of Alençon.
In 1747 Perronet director of the Royal Drawing Offices (Bureau of dessinateurs du Roi ) was appointed, who had also just taken Daniel -Charles Trudaine ( 1703-1769 ) in order to produce maps and plans for the Kingdom first École des ponts et chaussées had their domicile at the Hôtel Libéral Bruant in Paris. Perronet had the task of training bridges and road construction engineers and monitor their work. The office was the "Office of the pupils of bridges and roads " (Bureau of élèves des ponts et chaussées ), then it was in 1775 renamed the École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées (School of bridge and road ). Its leader, inspirer and teacher Perronet his students was a true spiritual father and he turned to a new teaching method that is very modern today. During this time he became friends with the Swiss bridge builder Charles Labelye ( 1705-1781 ).
Perronet turned himself from the view described by Hubert Gautier and then still ruling from that pillar strength should be about one- fifth of the span of the bridge arch. To provide carefully executed foundations and to let the flowing water as much space as possible is important. The first practical implementation of this theory was its Pont de Neuilly with pillar thickness of only one-ninth of the span.
In addition to its bridges and 2500 km roads have been built or repaired under his leadership 1747-1791. He also contributed, as encyclopedist, the article Pompe à feu (fire pump) for the Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers.
In 1763 he became the first engineer of the King (premier Ingénieur du roi ) appointed and taken up in 1765 as a member (member of the associate ) of the Academy of Sciences Académie des sciences. 1772 Perronet was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
The road directly at the École des ponts et chaussées ( which separates the 6th and the 7th arrondissement in Paris each other ) is now named after him. A statue of him was erected in the northeast corner of the Île de Puteaux, Neuilly -sur -Seine, at the foot of the Pont de Neuilly, whose first stone version 1768-1774 was built by him, which existed until 1942.
His assistant was from 1780 Gaspard de Prony.
Work
Bridges
Publications
- Perronet: Description of the projets et de la construction des ponts de Neuilli, de Mante, d' Orléans, de Louis XVI, etc. On ya ajouté le projet du canal de Bourgogne, pour la communication des deux mers par Dijon; et de celui de la conduite des eaux de l' Yvette et de la Bievre à Paris Didot jeune fils aîné = Jombert, Paris, 1788. digitized on Google Books, retrieved on February 29, 2012.
- J.F.W. Dietlein: Perronets works, the descriptions of the designs and the designs of the bridges at Neuilli, Mantes, Orleans, Louis XVI. etc. the draft Burgundian channel and the water line from the Yvette and Bievre to Paris, as well as several individual essays containing. Translated from the French by J.F.W. Dietlein. Hall, at Hemmerde and Schwetschke, 1820. Digitized on Google Books, retrieved on February 29, 2012.
- Perronet: Memoire sur la recherche of moyens que l' on pourroit employer pour construire de grandes Arches de pierre de deux cents, trois cents, quatre cents & jusqu'à cinq cents pieds d' ouverture, qui seroient destinées à Franchir de profondes valleys bordées de rochers escarpés. Imprimerie nationale exécutive du Louvre, Paris, 1793. Digitized on Google Books, retrieved on February 29, 2012.
- Perronet: Devis of ouvrages à faire pour la construction du pont de Louis XVI. Imprimerie de l' Lottin aîné & Lottin, Paris, 1787. Digitized on Google Books, retrieved on February 29, 2012.