Lausenbach

The Lausen Bach in its flood plain

The Lausen Bach, also Lausabach, is a left tributary of the Great Röder in Saxony. It is produced in the north of Dresden from three source streams, flows through several ponds and flows after four kilometers in Ottendorf- Okrillaer Hermsdorf. The Lausen Bach is the main river of the village Weixdorf north of Dresden and plays an important role in the drainage of the airport.

• 3.1 Flössert and Ruhlandgraben
• 3.2 forester Bach
• 3.3 Seifzerbach

• 7.1 Name
• 7.2 settlement
• 7.3 mills

Course

The Lausen Bach takes its official start at a height of 182 m above sea level. NN as a drain Mlýnský fishpond, which is located in Lausa, a part of the village Weixdorf in North Dresden. The creek is a good 3 km long and flows within the Radeberger country roughly north, ie at right angles to the river Elbe, the valley begins just a few kilometers to the south, and from which he removed himself. Part of the situated above Mlýnský fishpond short and actually nameless streams between the individual Lausaer ponds are added to process Lausen Bach. This applies to the sections between the wholesale and the Upper Middle Pond, the Upper and Lower Middle Pond and the Lower Central and the mill pond, all located immediately west of Friedersdorf in a flat Mulde. In this case, a total length of the stream of 4 km. Of the Lausen stream runs about half of Lausaer hall, and then move into an altitude of 178 m above sea level with the former Lausen Bachmuhle to the district Hermsdorf.

In Hermsdorf it flows through an up to 80 m wide Sohlental and finally reaches the Hermsdorfer center of the valley of the Great Röder. The Lausen creek runs beside 500 meters on the left edge of the valley parallel to its receiving waters and opens shortly after he was last bridged by the street "An der Leite ", directly under the highway bridge the A4 at about 161 m above sea level in the Great Röder. Therefore its water flows only at Wittenberg in the Elbe. Its gradient is thus about 21 m to 3 km. In many parts of its course the river Lausen follows the King Landstrasse, which is called in Hermsdorf Dresdner Straße. Adding to its longest source stream, the Flössert - or Ruhlandgraben, which will total length is about 8 km. The area of ​​the Lausen Brook catchment area, most of which is located in Dresden, amounts to 19.1 km ².

Geomorphology

Präglazial

One theory by geologists of Freiberg According flowed the same before lying at the end of the Cretaceous period starting time of the creation of the Lusatian fault on Dresden -Klotzsche and Ottendorf- Okrilla, where there are rich deposits of Elbsanden, further north. In the region of the so-called Senftenberg Elblaufs be found today Lausen Bach. The uplift of the Lusatian plate and the simultaneous relative reduction in the Elbe valley boiler gave rise to the Lusatian Fault, connect to the north extended under the river gravel deposits of the Lusatian granodiorite, which the Lausen creek in its lower course, between Lausa and Hermsdorf also breaks through.

Holocene

The catchment area of ​​the stream Lausen, especially the upper reaches, is characterized by a thick layer of sand and gravel. It originated during the Elster glacial and fluvial sediments consists of the meltwater, the abflossen from the former glaciers coming to the south. In the area of the Elbe valley boiler they led to the same, which at that time formed a large natural reservoir here. This was filled in by and by a mighty alluvial fan. On the sand deposits flow the streams of Lausen Brook catchment area and therefore have by nature a sandy bed.

After the end of the Ice Age, the Prießnitz dug into the deposits of this inland delta. She was initially not the same tributary, but continued to flow towards the northwest over Klotzsche Radeburg in the Great Röder. They created either the valley of Lausen Bach or went a little further west in today's Promnitztal, which is also likely. After she was tapped sideways by a Elbzufluss on Prießnitz bend, the course of Prießnitz was diverted to the south. The former underflow was now dry and gradually filled only by the former Prießnitz flows from this area with water. From these, a new stream which further took advantage of the existing valley and the Great Röder now was flowing not. This is either the Promnitz or Lausen Bach.

Due to the low slope of the terrain at Lausen Bach 's deep erosion is quite low. The stream runs in shallow depressions or low sole valleys.

Headwaters

The Lausen Bach arises from three streams, which unite in the territory of the Grand pond. The longest tunnel is the Flössert - or Ruhlandgraben coming from Klotzsche. The other two are called Förster Bach and Seifzerbach. The Ruhlandgraben and Seifzerbach as well as the later opening into the Lausen Bach Schelsbach and Promnitz play an important role in the drainage of the Dresden airport. This is located on a located in about 225 m above sea level plateau. The low setting on a total of 90 acres of impervious surfaces rain water it releases in the specified surrounding streams, three of which eventually flow into the creek Lausen. This contributes to the strengthening of the flood risk. The problems caused by the airport impurities also led to impairment of water quality.

Flössert and Ruhlandgraben

On the east side of the airport Flössertgraben begins. It flows in the vicinity of the street named after him "Am Flössertgraben " to the east and passes it, but in many sections in tunnels, the new development areas Göhrener way and Theodor Fontane street, where some of it were made as a result of pre- 1997 plans again was disclosed. At about the level Grenzstraße he crosses the King Landstrasse. Even before he is bridged by the railway line Dresden -Klotzsche -Dresden Airport, the Flössertgraben united to the west from the direction of the street " Am Kraftwerk " coming and parallel to said S- Bahn line flowing in about Ruhlandgraben, the channeled largely as been. Previously led here yet another tributary a, which came from the direction of today's Silver Lake in Klotzsche.

From here on, the now flows designated as Ruhlandgraben united waters to the northeast for 2 km through the northwestern Dresdner Heide. The extremely shallow, almost flat valley of the brook is characterized by a system of branching and einmündender side ditches, which pass partly in waterlogged areas with wet meadows. To improve the water structure quality were after 2000 particularly through mitigation and compensation measures on Ruhlandgraben over a length of 1650 m measures for securing demolition, carried out for the rehabilitation or restoration. This was mainly due to the incorporation of small rivers, tributaries and artificial impoundments to slow down the already very low flow rate and create a variety of habitats possible, and by exposing cased or otherwise sealed sections. In the immediate vicinity of its confluence with the Great Pond, the Ruhlandgraben combined with the coming of the right forester Bach. The Flössertgraben - Ruhlandgraben system is equipped with a 4 km length of the longest source of Lausen Bach Bach.

Förster Bach

The ample 2 km long ranger creek flowing from the direction Heidehof coming first roughly from south to north and eventually bends to the west. On his way through the bush sour he takes on several small streams and ditches which also arise on the corridor of Langenbrück - as well as the boundary ditch, which forms the border between the districts Lausa and Langenbrück, and the wet ditch. In earlier times it flowed directly into the large pond, but was moved to the last 100 m of its course in the area of the recreation center at the forest pool Weixdorf slightly to the south, and thus unites first with the Ruhlandgraben, which is usually at this point a little more water leads.

Seifzerbach

In the south of the district Weixdorf flows through the 2 km long Seifzerbach, which is also known as Seifenbach. Its source area has been built over the industrial area Klotzsche and completely redesigned. This increases the creek today only in the east adjoining former Seifzerteich, formerly " sighs pond ", his debut. This pond was created in the early 16th century mentioned as " Weick Dorffer pond ". In 1837 he was again drained and its corridors sold seven years later from the landed gentry to a local farmer who used it as fields and pastures. Its 5 m wide and 3 m high dam, which is crowned by ancient oaks and pines exist, mostly still, but was removed at the sides. Immediately above the dam is to this day a waterlogged area. In the settlement Fuchsberg there is the Seifzerteichstraße and the street Am Seifzerbach. In its further course of Seifzerbach crosses a very flat lowlands and the sports grounds of the SG Weixdorf. It flows a few meters west of the junction of the Ruhlandgrabens also in the big pond.

Lausaer ponds

Towards the end of the 15th century, an extensive Teichbauprogramm ran in Saxony, to improve flood protection and simultaneously expand fish farming. In this time and at the beginning of the 16th century emerged, among other things, many of the Moritzburg lakes, such as the large pond and the Dippelsdorfer pond. Also, most of the ponds in Weixdorf owe their existence this program. By a decree of Duke George the Bearded many dams were built. This was done as forced labor for Georg von Carlowitz who owned the manor in Hermsdorf and thus also in Weixdorf and Lausa exercised the basic rule.

The largest dam construction project was the large pond dam. It is 250 m long and 12 m high, the water level of the Great pond could be regulated up to a height of 7 m. The dam is 45 m wide at the crown 10 to 18 m and at the sole. The accumulated by him large pond, which is located on the northern edge of the former Hermsdorfer Manor Forest and the top of the Lausaer ponds is was already indicated in the records of Heidekartographen Matthias Oeder from 1589 and reached an area of ​​up to 65 ha, with 50 ha were normal. Its historic southern shoreline lives in about continuing in the course of the district boundary between the Dresden Heath and Lausa. When the pond to its former extent still existed, this was the limit of the sovereign property for manor Hermsdorf what a still existing boundary stone with the inscription " R. H. " recalls.

In 1846 we made ​​the big pond down to about half its height. Since 1906, exists to his new banks that have now been fixed and the forest swimming Weixdorf with his bathing and boat operation. A history and nature trail with 20 stations, set up in the communist era and renewed in 2000, leads in a wide arc around the pond. Further down close in a short sequence of Upper and Lower Central and millpond at. The Lausaer ponds were used by the municipality Weixdorf primarily used for fish farming. Here we pulled up carp. On the banks of ponds and partly also on the dams a strikingly mature trees exist with several under conservation trees, including pines, willows and alders.

Inflows

The Schelsbach is, from its headwaters aside with a length of 3 km, the longest river, which flows into the creek Lausen. It flows from west to east and forms from the A4 motorway, the district boundary between Gomlitz and Weixdorf. Its origin is in the LSG Moritzburg small knoll landscape through which it flows to the first half of its course. Within this protected landscape he happened also in 1995 designated a natural monument area Schels pond. It is 2.3 acres and is located south of the creek in the district Weixdorf. The Schels pond is an amphibian spawning grounds with natural reeds and copse, lying northeast of the airport. The original project, which dry out in the meadows Schelsaue together with the pond, was changed at that time.

To improve the structure of water quality were after 2000 particularly through mitigation and compensation measures on Schelsbach over a length of 690 m up to the mounting dismantling, performed for the rehabilitation or restoration. The Schelsbach flows from the Auenweg directly between the historic towns of Weixdorf and Gomlitz pass on to Lausa. Here it flows north-east of the parish pond in the Lausen Bach - about 400 m downstream of the discharge from the mill pond.

Approximately opposite the mouth of the Schels Bach in the Bach Lausen is the confluence of a rivulet that runs between the mountain settlement and the Radeberger way. Another Lausen creek tributary is the stream that comes about from the premises of the commercial area in the north of Promigberg Lausa and flows from the left at the level of Lausen Bachmuhle in Lausen Bach.

Flood

The Lausen Bach heard in his flat Mulde to those streams Dresden, where flood events lead to extensive flooding. This occurred several times in the past. About High water levels occur in the ungebirgigen and 19 km ² quite manageable catchment area of the stream usually caused by sudden extreme thaw or local heavy rain. To date most momentous documented flood occurred in 1958. Those days were all tributaries of Lausen Bach on the shore. This affected particularly large pond where there was a backlog due to the high dam and to small-scale outflow. Therefore, the level of the pond rose to about 2.50 m above the normal water level. The width of the large pond tripled, the length was doubled by the backwater. Thus, the large pond reached those proportions that he had been up to the middle of the previous century, making the recreation center on the forest pool Weixdorf with about 100 buildings almost completely under water. As a result, decreased although the effects in the further course of the stream, but still it was also there to damage. The nächstschwereren floods in the years 1941, 1938 and 1918 were already much lower. On a forest pool building large pond, which in the 19th century was probably part of an urban Elbebads, all the high water levels of the 20th century are registered.

More than a meter below the record flood of 1958 remained large pond flood of 2002, but it was also far-reaching consequences. The dams of the lower Lausaer ponds were flooded and flooded land. By the spill of only recently completed airport's stormwater retention basin at the top Schelsbach basement, underground parking and the king Landstrasse were flooded. Forced to act, prompted the authorities planning and construction of three new flood retention basin to it to be able to absorb 100 ( 100-year rainfall event ) in future rainwater amounts of HQ. They should at Ruhlandgraben in Klotzsche arise in Weixdorf and on Schelsbach between Weixdorf and Gomlitz on Seifzerbach. Furthermore, the large pond is drained in the winter half year and serves as an additional flood retention basins. This meant that no damage is caused by Ruhlandgraben and Seifzerbach at the spring flood of 2006.

In the catchment area of ​​Lausen Bach is since 2004, the country's flood headquarters of the Free State of Saxony. It was set up in the former headquarters building of aircraft maintenance facility in Dresden Klotzsche and is far away from any flood risk.

History

Name

The name Lausen Bach derives from the West Slavic or altsorbischen luza name = "swamp " or " puddle ". Hence it is also the name of Dresdner Lausa hamlet lying at Lausen Bach. Thus, its location in a moist, drained after a long time depression is expressed in the name of the stream. Its catchment area was formerly just called the lice. History is the name used with the Bach 10 km north of Lausa located Laußnitz as well as wholesale landscape Lausitz, at the western end it is located.

Colonization

The area at Lausen Bach was already inhabited during the Bronze Age, such as various finds from its direct surroundings confirm. In the Middle Ages it was first the Sorbs, who settled here. This is evidenced, for example, the place name in its catchment area as Klotzsche Lausa and Gomlitz. During the colonization of the East German settlers also to the Lausen Bach, which is evident in the names Weixdorf, Friedersdorf and Hermsdorf came. Either in the Sorbian or German in early time should have been in Lausa directly at Lausen Bach a moated castle, but from the preserved nothing. As an indication of this, the many small ponds that formerly were in Lausa, among them the four ponds Schenk apply. The only preserved the parish pond beside the pastor Scooter church.

Despite the proximity of the former municipality Weixdorf to the city of Dresden and its eventual incorporation in 1999 has been on a rather Lausen Bach village or at least get settlement character.

Mills

In the course of the stream, there were several mills, the Felchner - mill, after which the mill pond is named, and Lausen Bachmuhle about 1 km further north just before the corridor limit of Lausa and Hermsdorf. To the latter led a today lying dry mill race, the water was the Lausen Bach taken on the northern edge of Lausa. The trench adjacent to the building is the old location of the Mühlrads. Another opens a mill race on Hermsdorf station.