Lentinellus
Lentinellus cochleatus the type species of the genus
The Zählinge ( Lentinellus ) is a fungal genus within the family of the ear spoon Stache Ling relatives ( Auriscalpiaceae ). The agarics have nabelig -lobed, zähfleischig until leathery and durable fruiting bodies that grow singly or in tufts. The white cream to flesh-colored slats have sawn up gekerbtrandige cutting. The stem is central, eccentric or side. The fungi have amyloid, rough or feinwarzig ornamented spores and Gleozystiden. The saprobiotischen fungi growing on wood or dead roots. Lentinellus cochleatus (Pers.: Fr.) P.Karst, the anise Zähling, is the type species of the genus.
- 5.1 Notes and references
Features
Macroscopic characteristics
The individually to tufted growing fruiting bodies are usually divided into the pileus and stipe. The 1-7 cm wide hat is curved to spread out flat or recessed funnel-shaped. It can be smooth and glabrous to velvety or tomentose and sticky until dry. It is whitish, ocher, or vividly colored to dull brown. The grown up running down fins are whitish, cream or flesh colored and have sawn up notched cutting. You are right away. The ringless stalk is 3-10 cm long and up to 1 cm thick. It is central, eccentric or sideways and can sometimes completely absent. The meat is tough and leathery and tastes almost mild to fiery-hot. The fungi can vaguely smell to very strongly of anise. The spore powder is white to cream-colored.
Microscopic characteristics
The Hyphenstruktur the Zählinge is dimitisch. Besides septate generative hyphae find unseptierte, thick-walled Skeletthyphen. The strongly amyloid, but not cyanophilen spores are 3-7.5 microns long and 2-5 microns wide. They are ellipsoidal or nearly spherical and rough ornamentation to feinwarzig. The 4- sporigen basidia are clavate. In addition to thin-walled basidia Gloeozystiden occur, which are usually more or less fusiform or bulbous and pointed upwards. However, they can also be designed clavate or bottle- shaped ( lageniform ). These thin-walled cystidia are referred to by some authors as Leptozystiden. In addition, there are in all parts of the fruit body Pseudozystiden which come in the form of swollen and often thick-walled ends of a oleiferen Hyphensystems ( Gloeoplere hyphae ) in appearance. The hat skin ( Pileipellis ) is a cutis of parallel, interwoven, narrow, light-colored hyphae can grow out the hair -like hyphae, which may then form a tomentum.
Ecology and distribution
The fungi live as Saprobionten on hard and soft wood and dead roots and produce a white rot. The genus is distributed worldwide, its main application is in the more temperate climate zone.
System
The genus Lentinellus 1879 defined by the Finnish mycologist box with the type species P. Lentinellus cochleatus. 1825 had been asked this, along with other types of frieze in the genus Lentinus ( Sägeblättlinge ). The genus described by P. Karsten in the same year Hemicybe and the genus Lentinaria described by Czech mycologist Pilát 1941 are considered synonyms.
Since Fries fruiting characteristics included as tubes or fins with the most important criteria for the systematic classification of fungi. Since fruiting bodies of Zählinge are organized usually in hat and stick and they also have laminations, the genus has long been placed in the family of Tricholomataceae ( order Agaricales ). Only recent molecular studies could prove that slats are several times from each emerged in the course of fungal evolution independently and reflect that fruiting characteristics hardly the natural relationship of fungal species.
Still had the Dutch mycologist Maas Geesteranus in 1963 based on morphological investigations of the close relationship of Lentinellus and Auriscalpium and smote logically prior to merge the two genera in the new family Auriscalpiaceae. Common features of the genera are a dimitisches Hyphensystem, amyloid, ornamented spores, hyphae and gleoplere Gloeozystiden.
Kotlaba and Pouzar thought it was 1972 necessary to separate both classes again, as they did not consider it advisable to combine genres with a lamelloiden ( Lentinellus ) and a hydnoiden hymenophore ( Auriscalpium and Gloiodon ) in a family. They thus constitute Lentinellus in the monotypic family Lentinellaceae. This family produced Jülich 1981 in his newly created order Hericiales in which he summarized fungi that have smooth or warty and amyloid Basidosporen, a mono-or dimitisches Hyphensystem and gloeoplere hyphae. Molecular biological studies have shown that Lentinellus together with the sister taxon Artomyces a lineage and the representatives with a hydnoiden hymenophore a second branch within the family of Auriscalpiaceae. When the representatives of the genus Artomyces is mushrooms with coralloid fruiting bodies and smooth hymenophore.
The genus name Lentinellus is the diminutive of the genus name Lentinus ( Sägeblättlinge ), as Fries had originally asked the type species L. cochleatus and other species in this genus. Both names are derived (tough, flexible ) from the Latin adjective " lentus " from. The species of both genera are superficially similar, but are not related. The representatives of the genus Lentinus belong to the order Polyporales.
Species
Worldwide there are about 30 species are known to occur in Europe, of which 10 species.