List of state leaders in 1908

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3.1 East, South and Southeast Asia
3.2 Middle East
3.3 Central Asia

Africa

Ethiopia Kaiser: Menilik II (1889-1913)

Liberia Heads of State and Head of Government: President Arthur Barclay (1904-1912)

America

North America

Canada Head of state: King Edward VII (1901-1910)
Governor General Albert Grey, 4th Earl Grey ( 1904-1911 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier (1896-1911)

Mexico Heads of State and Head of Government: President Porfirio Díaz (1876-1911)

Newfoundland Head of State King Edward VII (September 26, 1907-1910 )
Governor General William Macgregor (September 26, 1907-1909 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Robert Bond (September 26, 1907-1909 )

United States of America Heads of State and Head of Government: President Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1909)

Central America

Costa Rica Heads of State and Head of Government: President Cleto González Víquez (1906-1910)

Dominican Republic Heads of State and Head of Government: President Ramón Cáceres (1906-1911)

El Salvador Heads of state and head of government: President Fernando Figueroa (1907-1911)

Guatemala Heads of State and Head of Government: President Manuel Estrada Cabrera (1898-1920)

Haiti Heads of State and Head of Government: President Pierre Nord Alexis ( 1902-2. December 1908 )
President François C. Antoine Simon (6 December 1908-1911 )

Honduras Heads of State and Head of Government: President Miguel R. Davila (1907-1911)

Cuba (busy ) Heads of State and Head of Government: ( de facto) U.S. Governor Charles Magoon ( 1906-1909 )

Nicaragua Heads of State and Head of Government: President José Santos Zelaya (1893-1909)

Panama Heads of State and Head of Government: ( October 1904-1. , 1908 ) President Manuel Amador Guerrero
President José Domingo de Obaldía (October 1, 1908-1910 )

South America

Argentina Heads of State and Head of Government: President José Figueroa Alcorta (1906-1910)

Bolivia Heads of State and Head of Government: President Ismael Montes (1904-1909)

Brazil Heads of State and Head of Government: President Afonso Pena (1906-1909)

Chile Heads of State and Head of Government: President Pedro Montt (1906-1910)

Ecuador Heads of State and Head of Government: President Eloy Alfaro (1906-1911)

Colombia Heads of State and Head of Government: President Rafael Reyes Prieto (1904 - July 1908 )
President Euclides de Angulo (July-August 1908)
President Rafael Reyes Prieto ( August 1908-1909 )

Paraguay Heads of State and Head of Government: President Benigno Ferreira ( 1906-4. July 1908 )
President Emiliano González Navero (July 5, 1908 to 1910 )

Peru Heads of State and Head of Government: President José Pardo y Barreda ( 1904-24. September 1908 )
President Augusto B. Leguía y Salcedo (September 24, 1908-1912 )

Uruguay Heads of State and Head of Government: President Claudio Williman (1907-1911)

Venezuela Heads of State and Head of Government: General Cipriano Castro (1899-1908)
General Juan Vicente Gómez (1908-1914)

Asia

East, South and Southeast Asia

Bhutan Ruler: King Ugyen Wangchuk (17 December 1907-1926 )

China ruler: Emperor Guangxu ( 1875-14. November 1908, nominal)
Emperor Pu Yi (November 15, 1908-1912, nominal)
Regent / in: Cixi ( 1898-15. November 1908 )
Zaifeng (November 15, 1908-1911 )

British India Kaiser: Edward VII (1901-1910)
Viceroy: Gilbert Elliot - Murray - Kynynmound (1905-1910)

Japan Head of State: Emperor Mutsuhito (1852-1912)
Head of government: Prime Minister Saionji Kimmochi ( 1906-14. July 1908 )
Prime Minister Katsura taro (July 14, 1908-1911 )

Nepal Head of state: King Prithvi (1881-1911)
Head of government: Prime Minister Chandra Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana (1901-1929)

Siam (now Thailand) Ruler: King Chulalongkorn (1868-1910)

Southwest Asia

Persia (now Iran) Head of state: Mohammad Ali Shah (1907-1909)
Head of government:?

Central Asia

Afghanistan Ruler: Emir Habibullah Khan (1901-1919)

Australasia

Australia Head of state: King Edward VII (1907-1910)
Governor General: Baron Henry Northcote ( 1907-9. September 1908 )
Earl William Ward (September 9, 1908 to 1911 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Alfred Deakin ( 1907-13. November 1908 )
Prime Minister Andrew Fisher (November 13, 1908-1909 )

New Zealand Head of state: King Edward VII (1907-1910)
Governor: William Baron Plunket (1907-1910)
Head of government: Prime Minister Joseph Ward (1907-1912)

Europe

Andorra Co - Prince: President of France: Clément Armand Fallières (1906-1913)
Bishop of Urgell: Juan y Benlloch Vivó (1907-1919)

Belgium Head of state: King Leopold II (1865-1909)
Head of government: Prime Minister Jules De Trooz ( 1907-9. January 1908 )
Prime Minister François Schollaert (9 January 1908-1911 )

Bulgaria Head of State: Tsar Ferdinand I (October 5, 1908 to 1918 )
Head of government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers Aleksandar Malinow (October 5, 1908 to 1911 )

Denmark Head of State: King Frederick VIII (1906-1912)
Head of government: Council President Jens Christian Christensen ( 1905-12. October 1908 )
Niels Thomasius Neergaard President (October 12, 1908-1909 )

German Empire Kaiser Wilhelm II (1888-1918) Chancellor Bernhard von Bülow (1900-1909)

Duke Frederick II (1904-1918) Minister of State: Johann von Dallwitz (1903-1909)

Grand Duke Frederick II (1907-1918) Minister of State: Alexander of shower (1905-1917)

King Otto I. (1886-1913) Regent Prince Regent Luitpold (1886-1912) Chairman of the Council of Ministers: Clemens Freiherr von Podewils - Dürniz (1903-1912)

Regent: Duke Johann Albrecht of Mecklenburg (1907-1913)

Mayor: Alfred Dominicus Pauli (1891 ) ( 1896) (1898 ) ( 1903) (1905 ) ( 1908) (1910 )

Reichsstatthalter: Prince Karl von Wedel (1907-1914) State Secretary of the Ministry of Alsace- Lorraine: Matthias Ernst von Koller (1901-1908)
State Secretary of the Ministry of Alsace- Lorraine: Hugo Freiherr wrath of Bulach (1908-1914)

First Mayor: Johann Georg Moenckeberg (1890 ) ( 1893) (1896 ) ( 1899) (1902 ) ( 1904-1905 ) ( 1908)
First Mayor: Johann Heinrich Burchard (1903 ) (1906 ) ( 1908-1909 ) ( 1912)

Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig (1892-1918) President of Total Ministry: Christian Ewald (1906-1918)

Prince Leopold IV (1905-1918)

Mayor: Ernst Christian Johannes Schön (1907-1908)

Grand Duke Friedrich Franz IV (1897-1918)

Grand Duke Adolf Friedrich V (1904-1914)

Grand Duke Friedrich August II (1900-1918) Minister of State: Wilhelm Friedrich Willich (1900-1908)
Minister of State: Julius Friedrich Heinrich Ruhstrat (1908-1916)

King William II (1888-1918) Prime Minister: Bernhard von Bülow (1900-1909)

Prince Heinrich XXIV (1902-1918) Regent: Heinrich XIV ( Reuss Younger Line ) ( 1902-1908 )
Regent: Heinrich XXVII. ( Reuss Younger Line ) ( 1908-1918 )

Prince Heinrich XIV (1867-1913) Regent: Heinrich XXVII. ( Reuss Younger Line ) ( 1908-1913 )

King Friedrich August III. (1904-1918) Chairman of the Department: Konrad Wilhelm von Rüger (1906-1910)

Duke Ernst I. (1853-1908)
Duke Ernst II (1908-1918)

Duke Carl Eduard ( Saxe-Coburg and Gotha ) ( 1900-1918 )

Duke: George II (1866-1914)

Grand Duke Wilhelm Ernst (1901-1918)

Prince Georg (1893-1911)

Prince Günther Victor (1890-1918)

Prince Karl Günther (1880-1909)

Prince Friedrich (1893-1918)

King William II (1891-1918) President of the State Ministry: Karl von Weizsäcker (1906-1918)

France Head of state: President Armand Fallières (1906-1913)
Head of government: President of the Council of Ministers Georges Clemenceau (1906-1909)

Greece Head of state: King George I (1863-1913)
Head of government: Prime Minister Georgios Theotokis (1905-1909)

Italy Head of state: King Victor Emmanuel III. (1900-1946)
Head of government: President of the Council of Ministers Giovanni Giolitti (1906-1909)

Liechtenstein Ruler: Prince Johann II (1858-1929)

Luxembourg Head of State: Grand Duke Wilhelm IV (1905-1912)
Head of government: President of the Government Eyschen Paul (1888-1915)

Monaco Prince Albert I (1889-1922)

Montenegro Head of State: Prince Nikola (1860-1918)
Head of government: Prime Minister Lazar Tomanovic (1907-1912)

Netherlands Head of state: Queen Wilhelmina (1890-1948)
Head of government: Prime Minister Theodoor Herman de Meester ( 1905-11. February 1908 )
Prime Minister Theo Heemskerk (February 11, 1908-1913 )

Norway Head of state: King Haakon VII (1906-1957)
Head of government: Prime Minister Jørgen Løvland ( 1907-19. March 1908 )
Prime Minister Gunnar Knudsen (March 19, 1908-1910 )

Ottoman Empire (now Turkey) Ruler: Sultan Abdulhamid II (1876-1909)

Austria - Hungary Head of State: Emperor Franz Joseph I (1848-1916)
Head of government: Prime Minister Vladimir Max Freiherr von Beck ( 1906-7. November 1908 )
Minister Richard Freiherr von Bienerth (November 15, 1908-1911 )

Portugal Head of state: King Charles I ( 1889-1 February. , 1908 )
King Emmanuel II (February 1, 1908 to 1910 )
Head of government: Prime Minister João Franco ( 1906-4. February 1908 )
Prime Minister Joaquim Francisco Ferreira do Amaral ( 4 February to 26 December 1908)
Prime Minister Artur Alberto de Campos Henriques (26 December 1908-1909 )

Romania Head of state: King Charles I (1881-1914)
Head of government: Prime Minister Alexandru Dimitrie Sturdza (1907-1909)

Russia Tsar Nicholas II (1894-1917)

San Marino Captains Regent: Giuseppe Angeli, Francesco Valli ( 1907-1. April 1908 )
Menetto Bonelli, Gustavo Babboni ( 1 April to 1 October 1908)
Olinto Amati, Raffaele Michetti (October 1, 1908-1909 )

Sweden Head of state: King Gustav V (1907-1950)
Head of government: Prime Minister Arvid Lindman (1906-1911)

Switzerland German President: Ernst Brenner (1901, 1908)
Federal: Ernst Brenner, Robert Comtesse, Adolf Deucher, Ludwig Forrer, Eduard Müller, Marc -Emile Ruchet, Josef Anton Schobinger ( from 17 June ), Josef Zemp (until 17 June)

Serbia Head of state: King Peter I (1903-1918)
Head of government: Prime Minister Nikola Pašić (1906-1908)
Prime Minister Petar Velimirović (1908-1909)

Spain Head of state: King Alfonso XIII. (1886-1931)
Head of Government: Government President Antonio Maura Montaner (1907-1909)

United Kingdom Head of state: King Edward VII (1901-1910)
Head of government: Prime Minister Henry Campbell - Bannerman ( 1905-7. April 1908 )
Prime Minister Herbert Henry Asquith Earl (April 7, 1908 to 1916 )

Miguel R. Dávila Druk Gyalpo Guangxu Emperor Empress Dowager Cixi Zaifeng, Prince Chun British Raj Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto Saionji Kinmochi Prithvi of Nepal William Humble Ward, 2nd Earl of Dudley Leopold II of Belgium Ferdinand I of Bulgaria Aleksandar Malinov Friedrich II, Duke of Anhalt Otto of Bavaria Duchy of Brunswick Bremen Adolphus Frederick V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Frederick Augustus III of Saxony Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen William Ernest, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach George I of Greece Victor Emmanuel III of Italy Johann II, Prince of Liechtenstein William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg Albert I, Prince of Monaco Nicholas I of Montenegro Wilhelmina of the Netherlands Baron Max Wladimir von Beck Carlos I of Portugal Francisco Joaquim Ferreira do Amaral Marc-Émile Ruchet Peter I of Serbia Henry Campbell-Bannerman

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