List of state leaders in 1939

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3.1 East, South and Southeast Asia
3.2 Middle East
3.3 Central Asia

Africa

Egypt Head of state: King Farouk (1936-1952)
Head of government: Prime Minister Muhammad Mahmoud Pasha ( 1937-18. August 1939 )
Prime Minister Ali Maher Pasha (1936 18 August 1939 to 1940, 1952, 1952)

Ethiopia King Victor Emmanuel III. , Emperor of Ethiopia (1936-1941)

Liberia Heads of State and Head of Government: President Edwin Barclay (1930-1944)

South Africa Head of state: King George VI. (1936-1952)
Governor General: Patrick Duncan (1937-1943)
Head of government: Prime Minister James Barry Hertzog Munnick ( 1924-5. September 1939 )
Prime Minister Jan Christiaan Smuts (September 5, 1939 to 1948 )

America

North America

Canada Head of state: King George VI. (1936-1952)
Governor General John Buchan, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir ( 1935-1940 )
Head of government: Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King (1935-1948)

Mexico Heads of State and Head of Government: President Lázaro Cárdenas del Río (1934-1940)

United States Heads of State and Head of Government: President Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933-1945)

Central America

Costa Rica Heads of State and Head of Government: President León Cortés Castro (1936-1940)

Dominican Republic Heads of State and Head of Government: President Jacinto Bienvenido Reynado (1938-1940)

El Salvador Heads of State and Head of Government: President Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (1935-1944)

Guatemala Heads of state and head of government: President Jorge Ubico Castañeda (1931-1944)

Haiti Heads of State and Head of Government: President Sténio Vincent (1930-1941)

Honduras Heads of State and Head of Government: President Tiburcio Carias Andino (1933-1949)

Cuba Heads of State and Head of Government: President Federico Laredo Brú (1936-1940)

Nicaragua Heads of State and Head of Government: President Anastasio Somoza García (1937-1947)

Panama Heads of State and Head of Government: President Juan Demóstenes Arosemena ( 1936-18. December 1939 )
President Augusto Samuel Boyd (December 18, 1939-1940 )

South America

Argentina Heads of State and Head of Government: President Roberto María Ortiz (1938-1942)

Bolivia Heads of State and Head of Government: President Germán Busch ( 1937-23. August 1939 )
President Carlos Quintanilla (August 23, 1939-1940 )

Brazil Heads of State and Head of Government: President Getúlio Vargas (1930-1945)

Chile Heads of State and Head of Government: President Pedro Aguirre Cerda (1938-1941)

Ecuador Heads of State and Head of Government: President Aurelio Mosquera ( 1938-17. November 1939 )
(acting) Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río ( 17 November-11 December 1939)
(acting) Andrés Córdova (December 11, 1939-1940 )

Colombia Heads of state and head of government: President Eduardo Santos (1938-1942)

Paraguay Heads of State and Head of Government: President Felix Paiva ( 1937-15. August 1939 )
General José Félix Estigarribia (August 15, 1939-1940 )

Peru Heads of State and Head of Government: President Oscar R. Benavides ( 1933-8. December 1939 )
President Manuel Prado y Ugarteche (8 December 1939-1945)

Uruguay Heads of State and Head of Government: President Alfredo Baldomir (1938-1943)

Venezuela Heads of State and Head of Government: General Eleazar López Contreras (1935-1941)

Asia

East, South and Southeast Asia

Bhutan Ruler: King Jigme Wangchuk (1926-1952)

China Head of state: Chairman of the National Government Lin Sen (1931-1943)
Head of government: Chairman of the Executive Yuan HH Kung ( 1938-20. November 1939 )
Chairman of the Executive Yuan Chiang Kai- shek (20 November 1939-1945)

British India Kaiser: George VI. (1936-1947)
Viceroy: Victor Alexander John Hope (1936-1943)

Japan Head of State: Emperor Hirohito (1926-1989)
Head of government: Prime Minister Prince Konoe Fumimaro ( 1937-5. January 1939 )
Prime Minister Kiichiro Hiranuma ( 5 January to 30 August 1939)
Prime Minister Abe Nobuyuki (August 30, 1939-1940 )

Manchukuo (disputed ) Head of State: Emperor Pu Yi (1932-1945)
Head of government: Prime Minister Zhang Jinghui (1935-1945)

Nepal Head of state: King Tribhuvan (1911-1955)
Head of government: Prime Minister Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana Juddha (1932-1945)

Siam (now Thailand) Head of state: King Ananda Mahidol (1935-1946)
Head of government: Field Marshal Phibul Songkhram (1938-1944)

Southwest Asia

Iraq Head of state: King Ghazi ( 1933-4. April 1939 )
King Faisal II (April 4, 1939 to 1958 )

Yemen Ruler: King Yahya bin Muhammad (1918-1948)

Persia (now Iran) Head of state: Reza Shah Pahlavi (1925-1941)
Head of government:?

Transjordan (now Jordan) Ruler: Emir Abdallah ibn Husain I. (1921-1951)

Central Asia

Afghanistan Head of State: King Mohammed Zahir Shah (1933-1973)
Head of government: Prime Minister Sardar Mohammad Hashim Khan (1929-1946)

Mongolia Head of state: Chairman of the Grand State Churals Dansrabilegiin Dogsom ( 1936-9 July 1939. )
Head of government: Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars Anandyn Amar ( 1936-7. March 1939 )
Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars Chorloogiin Choibalsan (March 24, 1939-1952 )

Tibet ( disputed) Ruler: Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatsho (1935-1951)

Australasia

Australia Head of state: King George VI. (1936-1952)
Head of government: Prime Minister Joseph Lyons ( 1932-7. April 1939 )
Prime Minister Earle Page ( 7 April to 26 April 1939)
Prime Minister Robert Menzies (26 April 1939-1941 )

New Zealand Head of state: King George VI. (1936-1952)
Governor General Viscount Monckton - Arundell, George (1935-1941)
Head of government: Prime Minister Michael Joseph Savage (1935-1940)

Europe

Albania Head of state: King Ahmet Zogu ( 1925-7 April 1939. )
Head of government: Prime Minister Kosta Kota (1936-1939)

Andorra Co - Prince: President of France: Albert Lebrun (1932-1940)
Bishop of Urgell: Justi Guitart i Vilardebó (1920-1940)

Belgium Head of state: King Leopold III. (1934-1951)
Head of government: Prime Minister Paul -Henri Spaak ( 1938-20 February. , 1939 )
Prime Minister Hubert Pierlot (22 February 1939-1945)

Bulgaria Head of State: Tsar Boris III. (1918-1943)
Head of government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers Georgi Kjoseiwanow (1935-1940)

Denmark Head of state: King Christian X (1912-1947)
Head of government: Minister of State Thorvald Stauning (1929-1942)

German Empire Heads of State and Head of Government: " Fuehrer and Reich Chancellor " Adolf Hitler (1933-1945)

Estonia Head of state: President Konstantin Pats (1933-1940)
Head of government: Prime Minister Kaarel Eenpalu ( 1938-12. October 1939 )
Prime Minister Jüri Uluots (12 October 1939-1940 )

Finland Head of state: President Kyösti Kallio (1937-1940)
Head of government: State Minister Aimo Cajander ( 1937-1. December 1939 )
Minister of State Risto Ryti (1 December 1939-1941 )

France Head of state: President Albert Lebrun (1932-1940)
Head of government: President of the Ministerial Council Édouard Daladier (1938-1940)

Greece Head of state: King George II (1935-1941)
Head of government: Prime Minister Ioannis Metaxas (1936-1941)

Ireland Head of state: King George VI. (1936-1949)
Head of government: Prime Minister Eamon de Valera (1932-1948)

Italy Head of state: King Victor Emmanuel III. (1900-1946)
Head of government: President of the Council of Ministers Benito Mussolini (1922-1943)

Yugoslavia Head of state: King Peter II (1934-1941, nominal)
Regent Prince Paul (1934-1941)
Head of government: Prime Minister Milan Stojadinović (1935-1939)
Prime Minister Dragiša Cvetković (1939-1941)

Latvia Head of state: President Karlis Ulmanis (1936-1940)
Head of government: Prime Minister Karlis Ulmanis (1934-1940)

Liechtenstein Head of State: Prince Franz Josef II (1938-1989)
Head of government: Prime Minister Josef Hoop (1928-1945)

Lithuania Head of state: President Antanas Smetona (1926-1940)
Head of government: Prime Minister Vlada Mironas ( 1938-27. March 1939 )
Prime Minister Jonas Černius ( 27 March to 21 November 1939)
Prime Minister Antanas Merkys (November 21, 1939-1940 )

Luxembourg Head of State: Grand Duchess Charlotte (1919-1964)
Head of government: President Pierre Dupong government (1937-1953)

Monaco Prince Louis II (1922-1949) Head of government: Minister of State Roblot Émile (1937-1944)

Netherlands Head of state: Queen Wilhelmina (1890-1948)
Head of government: Hendrikus Colijn Prime Minister ( 1933-10. August 1939 )
Prime Minister Dirk Jan de Geer (August 10, 1939-1940 )

Norway Head of state: King Haakon VII (1906-1957)
Head of government: Prime Minister Johan Nygaardsvold (1935-1940)

Poland Head of state: President Ignacy Moscicki (. 1926-30 September 1939 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Felicjan Sławoj Skladkowski (. 1936-30 September 1939 )

Portugal Head of state: President Óscar Carmona (1925-1951)
Head of government: Prime Minister António de Oliveira Salazar (1932-1968)

Romania Head of state: King Charles II (1930-1940)
Head of government: Prime Minister Miron Cristea ( 1938-6. March 1939 )
Prime Minister Armand Călinescu ( 7 March to 21 September 1939)
Prime Minister Gheorghe Argeşanu ( 21 September to 28 September 1939)
Prime Minister Constantin Argetoianu ( 28 September-24 November 1939)
Prime Minister Gheorghe Tătărescu (November 24, 1939-1940 )

San Marino Captains Regent: Carlo Balsimelli, Celio Gozi ( 1938-1. April 1939 )
Pompeo Righi, Marino Morri ( 1 April to 1 October 1939)
Marino Michelotti, Orlando reffi (October 1, 1939-1940 )

Sweden Head of state: King Gustav V (1907-1950)
Head of government: Prime Minister Per Albin Hansson (1936-1946)

Switzerland German President: Philipp Etter (1939, 1942, 1947, 1953)
Federal: John Baumann, Philipp Etter, Rudolf Minger, Giuseppe Motta, Hermann Obrecht, Marcel Pilet- Golaz, Serious Weather

Slovakia Head of government: Prime Minister Jozef Tiso ( 14 March to 26 October 1939)
Vojtech Tuka Prime Minister (27 October 1939-1944 )
Head of state: Jozef Tiso (October 26, 1939-1945)

Soviet Union Head of state: Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet Mikhail Kalinin (1922-1946)
Head of Government (Nominal): Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars Vyacheslav Molotov ( 1930-1941 )
Head of government ( de facto): General Secretary of the Communist Party Joseph Stalin ( 1922-1953 )

Spain Head of state: President Manuel Azaña ( 1936-1. March 1939 )
(acting) Diego Martínez Barrio ( March 1 to March 4 1939)
Chairman of the National Defence Council (acting) Segismundo Casado ( 4 March to 13 March 1939)
Chairman of the National Defence Council, José Miaja Menant ( 13 March to 25 March 1939)
Head of government: General Francisco Franco ( 1938-1 April 1939. )
Heads of State and Head of Government: General Francisco Franco (1 April 1939 to 1975 )

Czechoslovakia Head of state: President Emil Hácha (. 1938-15 March 1939 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Rudolf Beran ( 1938-15 March 1939. )

Turkey Head of state: President İsmet İnönü (1938-1950)
Head of government: Prime Minister Celal Bayar ( 1937-25. , 1939) became
Prime Minister Refik Saydam ( 25 January to 3 April 1939)

Hungary Head of state: Regent Miklós Horthy (1920-1944)
Head of government: Prime Minister Béla Imredy ( 1938-16 February. , 1939 )
Pál Teleki Prime Minister (February 16, 1939-1941 )

Vatican City Head of state: Pope Pius XI. ( 1929-10 February. , 1939 )
Pope Pius XII. (March 2, 1939 to 1958 )

United Kingdom Head of state: King George VI. (1936-1952)
Head of government: Prime Minister Arthur Neville Chamberlain (1937-1940)

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