Long Island
Long Iceland [ ˌ lɑ ː ŋaɪlənd ] (German Long Island) is an island that is part of the U.S. state of New York. It lies on the east coast of North America, is about 190 km long and 20-32 km wide. The area is 3566 km2, which is approximately the area of Mallorca. Geologically the island is a glacial moraine, which has largely sandy, loose and rocky (less primitive stone ) floors.
Location
The island extends from the ports of New York City in the northern Atlantic Ocean. In the north of Long Iceland Sound, which separates the island from Connecticut and Rhode Iceland lies. In the south of the Great South Bay and Jamaica Bay are; smaller islands surrounding the coastline.
Long Iceland is divided from west to east in four counties. The two counties in the western part of the island, Kings County on the western tip and Queens County immediately east of it, are identical with the New York districts Brooklyn and Queens; east about one Nassau County close in the central part of the island and Suffolk County in the eastern part. The inhabitants of the city of New York, but also the residents of two eastern counties, contact the Long term or the Iceland Iceland (the island ) is usually only on the outside the city limits of Nassau and Suffolk counties.
Geography
The east, where the island into two spurs, called Forks ends is partially utilized agricultural. The northern foothills ends at its peak with the Orient Point. Here there are many vineyards and horticulture.
In the southern foothills, ending on Montauk Point, is the area of the " Hamptons " with the namesake cities Southampton, Bridgehampton and East Hampton. The Hamptons are a popular destination because of its beaches of New York. Stars and wealthy New Yorkers have settled here domesticated. Fishing is carried on Long Iceland as a major industry.
Since the Second World War, Long Iceland has been increasingly colonized; the milieu of the population became increasingly urban. In 2000 lived in the district of Suffolk, the easternmost district of the island, more than a million people; the total population of the island with Brooklyn and Queens includes seven and a half million inhabitants.
Traffic
On the island there are several airports. The largest among them is the located in the southwest of the island John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) in Queens. Also in Queens, but in the north- west of the island, is located at LaGuardia Airport ( LGA), another of the three major airports in New York. Other smaller, mainly used for domestic flights airports ( eg the Macarthur Airport ( ISL) in Islip ) are evenly distributed over the whole island.
The road network on Long Iceland is very closely especially in the West, in the New York districts Brooklyn and Queens. As a main artery, the Long Iceland Expressway pulls (LIE / Interstate 495) from New York City in the west to Riverhead in the east in the middle of the island.
Until the completion of the Brooklyn Bridge in 1883, the island was accessible only by water. At present there are ten road connections to and from Long Iceland: the Verrazano -Narrows Bridge to Staten Iceland; Brooklyn - Battery Tunnel, Brooklyn Bridge, Manhattan Bridge, Williamsburg Bridge, Queens - Midtown Tunnel and Queensboro Bridge to Manhattan; the Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Bridge either Manhattan or in the Bronx on Wards Iceland; and the Bronx - Whitestone Bridge and the Throgs Neck Bridge to the Bronx. All these roads are within the city limits of New York City in the far west of Long Iceland. Ideas for a connection via a bridge over or a tunnel under the Long Iceland sound to improve accessibility to New England were discussed repeatedly in the past, concrete plans are, however, not pursued at the time.
From the port cities there are car ferries to the neighboring mainland. Popular with residents is an excursion by car ferry from Port Jefferson to Bridgeport in Connecticut.
In addition to the roads currently exist eleven metro and railway tunnels in the New York districts Brooklyn and Queens. The Long Iceland Railroad operates rail traffic on two main and nine secondary lines with 1100 km ( 700 miles ) of track. Mainly used by commuters to and from New York City, this network is the most used transportation system in North America. The to New York City belonging Kings County ( Brooklyn ) and Queens also feature a dense underground network of the New York Subway.
Well-known residents
Long Iceland was and is also residence of many artists. The writer F. Scott Fitzgerald lived from 1922 on Long Iceland; here he moved to the title character of his novel The Great Gatsby.
The author, screenwriter and director Michael Crichton grew up in Roslyn. John Steinbeck spent his last years in Sag Harbor.
The painter Jackson Pollock moved in 1945 with his wife, Lee Krasner, also a painter, from New York to Springs, a hamlet of East Hampton, which was a popular artist colony at that time. There he created in his studio, which can be visited today, the famous drip paintings.
Also according Springs withdrew from the late 1950s the painter Willem de Kooning back. In 1959 he acquired there a country house, which he rebuilt into a spacious living studio and 1963 prop.
In the 1960s, the writer Philip Roth and the illustrator Tomi Ungerer shared a cottage on Long Iceland.
In 1970 the painter Roy Lichtenstein moved to Southampton and set up a studio one.
The Swiss writer Max Frisch spent in May 1974 a weekend in Montauk on the eastern tip of Long Iceland with a young friend and described it in one of his autobiographical narrative.
Ritchie Blackmore, the former guitarist of Deep Purple, lives with his partner Candice Night born here also on Long Iceland. The musician Billy Joel grew up in Levi Town, a suburb of Hicksville, on and still lives on the island. His first album is Cold Spring Harbor, a small community on the north shore of Long Iceland, named.
Also survived John Petrucci, the guitarist of the American progressive metal band Dream Theater, with his wife Rena Petrucci and his three children on Long Iceland. He was also born here.
The writer and journalist JR Moehringer spent his childhood in Manhasset, where his autobiographical novel Tender Bar plays. The literary critic and science writer Merle Rubin grew up in Plainview, a community in Nassau County.
Wealthy
The north coast of the island of Sands Point, Glen Cove, Oyster Bay over to Huntington Bay, since the 1910s, is considered the gold Coast, especially since many New York millionaires could build large country estates. Among other things, located in Huntington, the second largest private home in America, which until 1921 by Otto Hermann Kahn built Oheka Castle in 1919 with 125 rooms. The architect Stanford White was the end of the 19th century a preferred builder for this type of country seats of the New York upper class. Well-preserved monuments of this period are further Winfield Hall and Hempstead House. Also famous is the Château des Thons in Upper Brookville, which was imported in 1928 by H. Barney from France.
This part of Long Iceland put the writer F. Scott Fitzgerald a literary monument in his novel The Great Gatsby, whose fictional palace in West Egg was inspired by the Castle Beacon Towers of the Vanderbilt family in Sands Point.
Reserves
In Suffolk County is home to two Indian reservations, the Poospatuck Reservation and Shinnecock Reservation.
Resting place
On Long Iceland is the - by area - largest cemetery in the world. The Calverton National Cemetery is 1045 acres in size, which corresponds to 4.23 km2. For comparison, the cemetery Hamburg Ohlsdorf is 3.91 km2, the Vienna Central Cemetery 2.5 km2.