Nagaland

Nagaland is an Indian state with an area of ​​16,527 square kilometers and nearly two million inhabitants ( as of 2011). The capital of Nagaland is Kohima, the official language is English. Nagaland is named after the ethnic group of the Naga.

• 2.1 demographics
• 2.2 languages
• 2.3 religions

• 4.1 Political system
• 4.2 parties

Geography

Nagaland is bordered by the states of Arunachal Pradesh (north), Assam ( west) and Manipur, and on the east by Myanmar and consists of eleven administrative districts ( Mon, Longleng, Mokokchung, Tuensang, Wokha, Zunheboto, Kiphire, Phek, Kohima, Dimapur, Peren ). It is one of the Seven Sister States constituting the North Eastern region of Sikkim in northeastern India, whose development is particularly promoted by the central government with its own ministry.

Largest cities

(As of 2001 census )

Population

Demography

According to the Indian census 2011 Nagaland has 1,980,602 inhabitants. Thus, Nagaland is one of the smaller states of India. The population density Nagaland is 119 inhabitants per square kilometer, which is significantly below the all-India average of 382 inhabitants per square kilometer. 29.0 percent of state residents live in cities. The degree of urbanization corresponds to the national average of 31.2 percent. As the only state of India Nagaland has a negative population growth: Between 2001 and 2011, the population shrank by 0.5 percent. The literacy rate in Nagaland is 80.1 percent higher than the average of India ( 74.0 percent).

Nagaland is predominantly inhabited by Naga. It is a generic term for a group of indigenous peoples of the Indian Northeast. Indian government departments they belong to the " tribal peoples " to which special rights come ( scheduled tribes ). According to the 2001 census, the Naga account for 87.5 percent of the population of the state and divided across 16 different tribes. These are ( in order ) the Konyak, Sema, Ao, Lotha, Chakhesang, Angami, Phom, Sangtam, Yimchungre, Zeliang, Chang, Rengma, Khiemnungan, Pochury, Tikhir and chirr. In addition to the Naga further 1.6 percent of the population Nagaland are counted for the tribal population. Mostly it involves members of the Kuki. The remaining population consists of immigrants from other parts of India.

Languages

In Nagaland, there is an enormous linguistic diversity. The various Naga tribes speak different Tibeto-Burman languages ​​of the subgroup of the Kuki - Chin- Naga languages ​​whose names begin with those of the corresponding strains are usually identical. A mutual understanding is not possible among speakers of different Naga languages. According to the 2001 census, there are 14 in Nagaland Naga languages ​​whose speakers constitute at least one percent of the total population, with none of them has a share of more than 15 percent. These languages ​​are ( in descending order by the number of speakers ) Ao, Konyak, Lotha, Angami, Phom, Sema, Yimchungre, Sangtam, Chakru, Chang, Zeliang, Rengma, Khezha and Khiemnungan.

Under the non-indigenous population Nepali ( 1.9 percent) and Assamese are the Indo-Aryan languages ​​Bengali ( 3.3 per cent ), Hinduism ( 3.2 per cent ), common ( 0.9 percent). As a lingua franca is a Nagamesisch called pidgin based on the Assamese. Official language of the state is English.

Religions

The predominant religion is Christianity in Nagaland. According to the 2001 census, 90.0 percent of state residents are Christians. Nagaland is now the Indian state with the highest Christian population and in addition to the well located in the north-eastern Indian states of Mizoram and Meghalaya is one of three states, where Christians make the majority of the population. Under the tribal population of the Christian population proportion is as high as 98.5 percent. The high Christian population is a result of the Christianization of the Naga by American missionaries from the late 19th century. The majority of Christians in the state are Baptists. Nagaland is considered to be the region with the world's highest Baptist population.

The rest of the population is distributed among Hindus ( 7.7 per cent ), Muslims (1.8 per cent) and other ( 0.5 per cent).

History

Nagaland became a separate state on 1 December 1963. His status as a part of India is since 1956 a controversial issue, there are in the region of strong aspirations to independence.

On 2 October 2004, there were in Assam and Nagaland two bomb attacks instead, in which at least 57 people killed and over 100 were injured. According to official statements, these attacks were due to separatists who should belong to the United Liberation Front of Asom and the National Democratic Front of Boroland ( NDFB ).

Policy

Political system

The Legislature of the State of Nagaland consists of a unicameral parliament, the Nagaland Legislative Assembly. The 60 Members of Parliament are determined every five years by direct universal suffrage. The Parliament shall have its seat in Kohima. The Chief Minister ( Head of Government ) Nagaland, is elected by Parliament. At the head of the state, however, is appointed by the President of India Governor ( Governor ). Its main tasks include the appointment of the Chief Minister and his commission to form a government. Responsible for Nagaland highest court is the Gauhati High Court, based in Guwahati. A branch office is in Kohima.

Meghalaya places one of MPs in the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Indian Parliament, and in the upper house, the Rajya Sabha.

Parties

Nagaland is governed since 2003 by the regional party Naga Peoples Front ( NPF ). In the parliamentary elections in February 2012, she won an absolute majority with 38 of 60 seats. The main opposition party, the Congress Party, which holds six deputies. Furthermore represented in Parliament are the Nationalist Congress Party ( NCP) with four seats, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP ) and the Janata Dal ( United) (JD (U)), each with a seat and seven independent candidates. As a result, the choice of the NPF politician Neiphiu Rio was confirmed in office. He since March 6, 2003 already ruled with a break of January to March 2008, when the state under President's rule was. The NPF won the electoral district of Nagaland even at the all-India general elections 2004 and 2009.

* ) The election in a constituency was postponed because one of the candidates had passed away.

Administrative divisions

The state of Nagaland is in the following eleven districts subdivided (population and population density according to the 2011 census ):