Rudolf Christoph Eucken

Rudolf Christoph Eucken ( born January 5, 1846 in Aurich, Ostfriesland, † 15 September 1926 in Jena ) was a German philosopher. In 1908 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.

Biography

Eucken's father, the postmaster Ammo Becker Eucken, and his only brother died young; more close was the bond to his mother Ida Maria (born Gittermann, 1814-1872 ). After attending high school Ulricianum in Aurich, he studied from 1863 philosophy, classical philology and ancient history at Gustav Rudolf Hermann Lotze and Teichmüller at the University of Göttingen, where he joined a progressive movement, which later became fraternity and today's Corps Frisia. He also sang in the glee club student Göttingen. Subsequently, he studied in Berlin. A closer friendship he used to the philosopher Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg. After his graduation in 1866, on the subject of De Aristotelis dicendi ratione ( "On the style of Aristotle " ), he worked from 1867 as a high school teacher in Husum and Berlin. 1869 to 1871 he taught Ancient languages ​​and evangelical religion at the Municipal School of Frankfurt am Main. At the same time Eucken employed continue with the history of philosophy questions, especially to Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas.

In 1871 he was appointed as professor of philosophy and pedagogy at the University of Basel; around Easter 1874 was followed by a professorship of philosophy at the University of Jena. This office he held until 1920; some calls from other universities he refused.

In 1882 he married Irene Passow ( 1863-1941 ). From this marriage three children, the chemist Arnold Eucken (1884-1950), the economist Walter Eucken (1891-1950), as well as the daughter of Ida Marie went forth (* January 10, 1888, † October 16, 1943, studied voice (soprano ) and stepped on ), among others, Max Reger. The children grow up in a cosmopolitan and culturally interested parents house. In the Eucken'schen villa in the Botzstraße go in Jena, among others, the composer Max Reger and writers such as Stefan George and Hugo von Hofmannsthal and off.

1908 Eucken received the Nobel Prize for Literature " due to the serious search for truth, the penetrating power of thought and foresight, the heat and power of representation, which he has represented and developed an ideal view of the world in numerous works " as a statement said. This was followed by exchange professorships in England (1911 ), the USA ( 1913 to 1914 ) and Holland (1914 ). During the First World War, he supported the idea of ​​nationhood. So he signed the Manifesto of the 93, which denied the allegations of the Allies against Germany.

On January 5, 1916 - Eucken's seventieth birthday - he was made an honorary citizen of the city of Jena. The reason given was called that he had contributed as a professor at the University of Jena for 41 years " as an ornament of the university for the glory of the city". In his books The meaning and value of life and spiritual currents of our Eucken sat critical to the monism of his colleagues Jena Ernst Haeckel apart, with whom he was personally but friends.

In Eucken 's suggestion, Luther Company was incorporated on 26 September 1918 in Wittenberg.

Reception

The work of Rudolf Eucken was especially recognition in Sweden. King Oscar II dealt with the religious and philosophical writings and Eucken was a member of the Swedish Academy of Sciences. His award of the Nobel Prize in Literature was rather taken with skepticism by German scholars such as Ernst Haeckel, however. Eucken had in the German science rather an outsider position and the value of his writings has been underestimated in terms of linguistic and systematic quality. Rudolf Eucken is nowadays rather unknown and forgotten.

Honors

Works (selection)

  • The method of Aristotle's research, 1872
  • History and criticism of the basic concepts of the present, 1878, 2 changeable. Res 1893; also translated into English, 1880
  • History of philosophical terminology, 1879
  • The views of life of the great thinkers, 1890
  • The struggle for a spiritual purpose in life, 1896
  • The veracity of religion, 1901
  • Outline of a new outlook on life, 1907
  • Philosophy of History, 1907
  • Intellectual movements of the present, 1908
  • The meaning and value of life, 1908
  • Recognize and life, 1912
  • Present -day Ethics in Their Relation to the Spiritual Life ( everyday ethics in its relation to spiritual life ), lectures, 1913
  • The support of German Idealism, 1915
  • The spiritual meaning of the Bible, 1917
  • Man and the world. A philosophy of life, 1918
  • German freedom. A wake-up call, 1919
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