Saskia van Uylenburgh
Saskia Uylenburgh ( born August 2, 1612 Leeuwarden, † June 14, 1642 in Amsterdam) was the wife of the eminent Dutch Baroque painter Rembrandt van Rijn.
Life
Saskia Uylenburgh was a patrician 's daughter from Leeuwarden, the capital of the Dutch province of Friesland. Her father Rombertus Uylenburgh (1554-1624), former mayor of the city, belonged to the political elite of largely autonomous province, her mother Sjoukje Aessinga (1564-1619) was born into a prestigious Frisian family. Saskia was the youngest of eight children. Her siblings took care of her after she became an orphan at age twelve. 1628 was her brother Gerrit van Loo (ca. 1580-1641 ), her sister's husband Hezekiah, her guardian. She moved in with him to the village of Sint Annaparochie in the coastal strip Het Bildt, where van Loo was town clerk. 1632 the family fled with Saskia because of a peasant uprising to Leeuwarden.
From there, Saskia probably occurred in the spring of 1633 a trip to Amsterdam, where several family members lived. She lived there with her older cousin probably Aeltje Uylenburgh and her husband, the preacher Johannes Sylvius. In the studio of her cousin Hendrick van Uylenburgh, a leading art dealer, she must have known at the time the employees Rembrandt van Rijn. On June 5, 1633 she became engaged to him in Friesland. Three days later he held her firmly on the so-called silver pen portrait, now in the Print Room Berlin. He then traveled back to Amsterdam - until the wedding went more than a year. During this time, Saskia moved to Franeker, where her sister Antje died and her husband Prof. John Maccovius much needed help. The wedding with Rembrandt was celebrated on June 22, 1634 in Sint Annaparochie. After Rembrandt moved with her to Amsterdam, where they initially lived in the house Hendrick Uylenburghs.
1635 Rembrandt ended his collaboration with Uylenburgh and was also the home with him to. The couple moved into the house now Nieuwe Doelenstraat No. 20 On December 15, 1635 Saskia's first child Rombertus baptized, but the little boy lived only two months. Two other children Saskia, two girl named Cornelia, died in 1638 and 1640 after a few weeks.
1638 sued Rembrandt Saskia's relatives Albertus van Loo and his sister, because they should have said that Saskia " wasted with ostentation and flaunting the legacy of their parents ' have. Rembrandt countered that he and his wife now even " abundant and wealthy beyond measure " are. He lost the case.
The next year he bought for the enormous sum of 13,000 guilders a house in the Sint Anthoniesbreestraat (now Jodenbreestraat ), now the Rembrandt House. Here Saskia's fourth child, Titus van Rijn was born in 1641. This time it was alive, but it deteriorated Saskia's health. It is assumed that she was suffering from tuberculosis. On June 5, 1642 she made her will and certain that Rembrandt would have in the event of remarriage immediately overwrite half of their combined assets to Titus. If Titus die, the legacy Saskia would fall relatives. This provision is likely Rembrandt influenced in his decision never to marry. On June 14, Saskia died at the age of almost 30 years and was buried in the Oude Kerk, the principal church of the city.
That Saskia fell in love with an artist who was as patrician daughter in the social hierarchy significantly below her, and then all conventions despite continued by a rapid engagement, evidence of a maladjusted personality and a strong will of its own.
Meaning for Rembrandt Art
Saskia Rembrandt made for a source of inspiration. She stood for paintings such as Saskia as Flora and drawings model, but never for a conventional portrait. She always appeared in a role - as a goddess, mythical figure from classical mythology or biblical woman's figure. The American art historian Stephanie S. Dickey speaks in this context of a " union of love, art and commerce ." Of particular interest is the large double portrait in the Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister in Dresden, which in the role of the Prodigal Son Rembrandt shows the brothel and the person sitting on his lap Saskia as a courtesan. According to the U.S. art historian H. Perry Chapman has to interpret this as ironic commentary Rembrandt to his own social ambitions.
Saskia as Flora, Oil on canvas, 1634 Hermitage
Saskia van Uylenburgh, Oil on canvas, after 1634, National Gallery of Art, Washington
Flora, Oil on canvas, 1635, National Gallery
Rembrandt and Saskia in the parable of the Prodigal Son, Oil on canvas, 1635, Dresden State Art Collections
Rembrandt and Saskia, Copperplate engraving, 1636, Rembrandthouse
Study, Copperplate engraving, 1636, Rembrandthouse
Saskia with Child, Ink drawing, 1636
Others
The discovered in 1900 by Max Wolf Saskia asteroid was named after Saskia van Uylenburgh.
Commemorating the 400th birthday of Rembrandt, the German Post AG brought a stamp in 2006 with a painting section of the portraits of Saskia van Uylenburgh out, this was a joint issue with the Netherlands. With the designs and expenses but there were copyright problems.