Schurwald

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Core tower on the mountain cores

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The virgin forest is a maximum of 513.2 m above sea level. NN high, wooded mountain range in Baden- Württemberg, Germany.

Together with the Welzheimer Forest forms of Schurwaldstrasse the natural environment 107 Schurwaldstrasse and Welzheimer forest. For centuries served its forests, the municipalities and cities in the surrounding area with wood as fuel and construction material. Accordingly, the name " virgin forest " from the Middle High German word stirs up " Schure " itself, which means as much as the Schur, shearing or clearcutting. He also serves as a recreational area for the Stuttgart area.

Geographical location

The virgin forest is located in the city of Stuttgart, in the districts Esslingen and Göppingen, in the Rems -Murr-Kreis and Ostalb. His range of hills just east of Stuttgart and runs in an easterly direction among others passing by Esslingen am Neckar in the southwest and Schorndorf in the north to the south-western district Lorcher rats resin at the foothills of the Swabian Alb. It is located between the Neckar and Fils Valley in the south and the Rems Valley in the north. In the eastern part of the virgin forest, which is crisscrossed by numerous streams, is the Lord Bach dam.

Geology

Geologically, the virgin forest with its numerous cuts a dissected by headward erosion escarpment is, its rocks are clays, marls and sandstones of the Keuper ( Keuper Bergland ). Only on the plateau are locally the layers of Psilonotenton Formation ( formerly known as Lias alpha) to find the Lower Jurassic.

History and Economics

In the early expansion period after the Alemannic land acquisition, the area of ​​virgin forest with its vast mountain ranges settlement remained empty while the surrounding valleys were cleared and settled. In the late expansion period in the 8th and 9th century, the settlement of the surrounding valleys was substantially completed during first clearing settlements developed on plateaus in the forest area, which in the 12th century for the first time be available in documents ( Oberberken 1110, Adelberg 1143, finishing in 1185 ). The Etter of grubbing settlements were there surrounded by other land areas cleared for farming. In addition to the rural population also different individual farms, which have largely been received again emerged.

In the 15th century finally emerged in the development of narrow valleys commercial forest settlements where with charcoal in particular forest glassworks were operated. These settlements were often short-lived and changed their location when the surrounding area was deforested. Only some of the earlier cottage settlements and the subsequent poor housing estates have been preserved, these include Unterhütt and Baiereck in Nassachtal, once one of the poorest regions of Württemberg. Settlements with urban character have not developed in the virgin forest. Various attempts at extraction of mineral resources in the virgin forest, such as coal and gold, failed due to the slight deposits. Only the removal of sand stone, gravel and sand has been able to establish to the present day.

With the flourishing of the cities from the late Middle Ages, set up a depopulation that resulted in the virgin forest to the demise of many villages. In the once to the monastery Adelberg counted places of virgin forest, the peasant farms were presented as case goods, and remained in their size, but also had this only a part of the population the chance to own a rustic estate. In the altwürttembergischen virgin forest species led administration of the estate of contracts awarded as a hereditary goods to a strong parcelling and poor agricultural conditions. Both factors led in the 18th century to the advent of weaving as domestic ancillary trades. In the early 19th century there were many "peasant artisans " who practiced a craft in addition to agriculture. The industrialization has impacted directly on the virgin forest species, but rather led to a further exodus of the population in the industrialized cities in the surrounding valleys, whereby the number of resident artisans again greatly decreased.

Today

In the meantime, play the virgin forest weaving, crafts, glass manufacture and agriculture not matter anymore. The cultivated plants are due to cooler climates typically various types of cereals and root crops such as sugar beets and potatoes. Berries and fruit ( orchards ) finds favorable conditions only in the front virgin forest. The transformation of the villages towards working-class communities has led after the Second World War and the advent of private to a growth of places. Most residents commute between Esslingen, Göppingen, Stuttgart or the Rems valley and their place of residence.

Mountains

At the highest elevations (etc.) in and on the edge of the virgin forest belong - on the height in meters ( m) above mean sea level ( MSL ) by:

• Rear Schur ( 513.2 m), in Oberberken
• Cores ( 512.6 m), with Kernenturm in / Fellbach
• Cats head ( 493.4 m), with / to Stetten
• Catherine Linde ( 469.3 m), and the like- tree and lookout tower Catherine Linde Tower, at / to Rüdern
• Kappelberg ( 469.0 m), with Kappelberg tunnel in / Fellbach
• Probst ( 445.5 m), with / to Reichenbach an der Fils
• Württemberg ( 410.6 m), with the grave chapel on the Wuerttemberg, in / to Rotenberg
• White stone (about 430 m, and no mountain but a monument ) in / to Plochingen

Towns

And the settlements on or within the Schur forest include:

• Adelberg
• Aichwald ( Aichelberglifte, Aich shooting, Krummhardt, Lobenrot, Schanbach )
• Baltmannsweiler, with the Teilort Hohengehren
• Birenbach
• Börtlingen, with the part locations Breech and cell
• Light Forest ( Hegenlohe and Thomashardt )
• Rechberghausen
• Waeschenbeuren
• Cheeks
• Esslingen am Neckar, with some districts
• Rats resin, District of Lorch
• The Schorndorf parts finishing and Oberberken with Unterberken
• The city Uhingen with the villages Holzhausen and Nassachtal / Diegel mountain ( Baiereck, Diegel Mountain, Nassach, Nassachmühle )
• The city Ebersbach with the villages Büchenbronn and Krapfenreut