Tourism in Germany
Tourism in Germany includes two ( overlapping ) areas:
- Tourism, which takes place in Germany ( residents and nonresidents )
- The Germans generated (domestic and foreign) tourism.
Tourists in Germany
Germany as a holiday destination has favorable conditions: mountainous (Alpine mountains and highlands), lake and river landscapes, coasts and islands of the North and Baltic Seas, numerous cultural monuments and a variety of cities steeped in history and well-developed infrastructure. An advantage is the central location in Europe.
Most tourists in Germany are German (domestic tourism and domestic tourism ). Most visitors attracts the Free State of Bavaria.
This field of tourism is also called Incoming.
Distribution and origin of tourists
Source of Hamburg: New record number of guests, nearly ten percent more overnight stays, Hamburg Evening Gazette, February 23, 2011; as of 2010
Economic Importance
Tourism is a major industry in Germany, particularly in less developed regions. From the tourism benefits not only the hotel and restaurant industry also retailers, services and suppliers of leisure and entertainment facilities.
In Germany the tourism achieved a turnover of 140 billion euros, 2.8 million employees. 125 300 000 Guest ( 101.5 million from the domestic market, 23.5 million from abroad) actuated 351.4 million nights (of which 298.5 million by residents and 52.9 million by foreigners ) in 54 166 units with about 2, 6 million beds.
4,000 of the 12.431 communities in Germany are organized in tourism associations, 310 of which are recognized as spas or resorts. Guests are among other 6,135 museums, 366 theaters, 34 Leisure and adventure parks, 45,000 tennis courts, 648 golf courses, 122 National-/Naturparke or Biosphere Reserves, a trail network of 190,000 km and 40,000 km cycle routes available.
Sectors of the tourism
Seaside tourism and water sports are on coasts and islands of the North and Baltic Sea is of great importance, especially in the resorts; as well to the great lakes as Lake Constance, Lake Chiemsee and the Mecklenburg Lake District with Lake Müritz.
The mountains play for an active holiday in winter ( winter sports ), as well as in summer ( hiking, mountain climbing, mountain biking ) a significant role. The highest mountains in Germany are in the Bavarian and Allgäu Alps. The Middle Mountains, for example, Bavarian Forest, Black Forest, Harz and Rhön, are destinations for hikers.
City tourism includes primarily large cities and single touristy famous cities. There is a smooth transition to cultural tourism, which is arranged around a central music and theater offers or celebrations and festivals around. The most attractive cities, especially Berlin, attract more international visitors.
Guests may stay in cities tend to be much shorter than in rural tourism places, give but a day on average significantly longer.
Bicycle tourism is a popular form of active holidays. Germany has extremely well-developed tourist cycling routes.
Two basic structures can be distinguished: - A bike tour of several stages, from one overnight stop to the next - always (also called Rally ) Trips on the wheel of a neighborhood of
For shopping tourism occurs in border areas because of price differentials between neighboring countries. One example is the city of Flensburg directly on the Danish border. Because of the relatively low taxation of goods in Germany, the Scandinavians prefer to buy here. So is spoken Danish in border shopping centers in Flensburg and surrounding area, the German cross-border traders call their sales outlets " Scandinavian Park " or " Dansk Vinlager " to make it clear that you have focused on the Danish customers. Germany Wide pull Factory Outlets customers from Europe in places like Metzingen or in the Ingolstadt Village near Ingolstadt.
- The business and conference tourism is mainly concentrated in the economic centers.
- Children and youth trips are a rapidly growing segment in Germany. There is an extensive network of hostels and hostels, summer camp offerings, and offerings for the youth exchange with international visitors. The Federal Forum for Children and Youth Travel is the umbrella organization of the industry in Germany.
- Health tourism or health tourism is mainly offered in spas and health resorts. In addition to medical spa treatments and wellness stays.
- The Farmhouse achieved considerable shares in times of increasing environmental awareness.
German tourists
2004 German took 274 million trips, one of which resulted in 73 % inland. They booked 1.4 billion nights and spent 120 billion euros, of which EUR 61.4 billion euros on foreign trips.
At 65 million trips it was holiday travel (purpose: recreation; Minimum Duration: 4 nights). 48.1 million German over 14 years who participated in at least one holiday trip, which corresponds to an intensity of travel of 74.4 %.
The most popular destination here was Germany itself with 30.8 %, of which alone accounted for 6.7 percentage points to Bavaria. Followed by Spain with 13.6%, Italy 7.4%, Austria 6.5% and Turkey with 6.4%. 6.1 % was attributable to long-distance travel.
In 48% of the trips was the arrival and return journey by car, 36% by plane, by bus at 10% and 6% by rail. Main travel destinations by car are Denmark, Italy, Croatia, Austria, Switzerland and Hungary. The journey lasted an average of 12.9 days which costs 812 euros per person.
This field of tourism is also called outgoing.
Tourism Statistics
In Germany, the accommodation establishments Report (as in Austria and Switzerland ) per month on the basis of legal obligation, the sum of arrivals and overnight stays by guests (broken down by country of origin of guests) to the municipalities / cities. This represent the statistical offices of the Länder and the Federal Office together total results. These figures are published in the monthly tourism survey.
These data are supplemented by information on the capacity in the form of beds offered at campgrounds or the spaces provided. For companies in the hospitality industry (hotels, rooming houses, inns, guest houses ) is finally the number of guest rooms offered determined as of July 31 of each year.
To relieve the accommodation sector enterprises are exclusively interviewed, which can accommodate at the same time more than eight guests.
Information on the travel behavior of the Germans in the statistics on tourism demand. In telephone interviews quarterly by both leisure and recreational trips of five or more days' duration as well as after short trips ( two to four days duration) and business will be asked. With up to 10,000 passengers per year, while the destination, the number of nights and the travel expenses are charged, among other things.
History
Early tourist destinations were the fashionable bathing and health resorts of the rich, these included towns such as Baden -Baden, Wiesbaden and the seaside resorts on the Baltic coast, such as Binz, Heiligendamm, Heringsdorf and Sassnitz. In the era of National Socialism force was made possible a holiday trip for the first time to a broad public through joy by the organization. After the Second World War, the mass tourism developed.
For tourism in the GDR see the main article Tourism in the GDR.
Current Trends
In the booking behavior of the guests, the Internet plays a major role. Many guests inform to websites about comments from their peers about the resort and eligible hotels before you book. The postings often done very much short-term than in the past. The interest in destinations over time may also be represented graphically using the terms from Google: Google Trends Here it is clear that the search for a suitable holiday destinations increases from April and reached its peak in the summer.