Ulster (river)
The Ulster in Geysa
The Ulster is a 57.2 km long, orographic left or southern tributary of the river Werra in Hesse and Thuringia ( Germany ). In Thuringia, it has after the Thuringian Water Act the status of a water body of the first order and is therefore in the entertainment load of the Free State.
Geographically, the Ulster of the most important and central flow inside the Rhön. Your in three sections out each designated as its own natural space valley separated almost its entire length various mountain ranges, see Section natural areas.
Course
The Ulster rises in eastern Hesse in the High Rhön approximately halfway line between the mountains Heidelstein ( 925.7 m above sea level. NN ) in the southeast, which rises with its tip close to the Hessian border in Bavaria, and Hesse Ottilienstein ( 846 m above sea. NN ), which is located approximately 1.4 km north-west of the Heidelberg stone. Your source of running water located in the district of Fulda, in Hesse part of Heidelstein - northwest face of almost 600 m ( air line ) east of the B 278 on a forest trail at 818 m above sea level. NN.
The Ulster first flows within the Natural Park Rhön and at the same time the Rhön Biosphere Reserve in predominantly northerly direction by Ehrenberg and Hilders by Tann and then goes north-west of Tann in the Thuringian Wartburg district. Then she runs from Motzlar about Schleid, Geysa and Borsch after Buttlar, where she cuts through the Kuppenrhön and then a short distance forms the Hessian- Thuringian border.
After flowing through the Thuringian Unterbreizbach the Ulster reached situated in the Hessian Hersfeld- Rotenburg Philippstal where they altitude of 222 m. NN from the south after crossing the B 62 at the potash plant Hattorf flows ( between Philip valley and the hamlet Röhrigshof ) into the Werra.
Catchment and inflows
The catchment area of Ulster comprises approximately 420 km ². Their means water drain at the level Philippstal (AEO: corresponds to the catchment size ) is specified with MQ = 5.1 m³ / s.
The Ulster separates two sub- landscapes of Kuppenrhön that Auersberger Kuppenrhön the east and the Soisberger Kuppenrhön in the West, and is reported as a single natural space. The orography is accordingly rather than herringbone fan shape. In the small deviation of this is the fan of taffeta, with its 571 l / s MQ just before the Weid ( 539 l / s) most water creek.
The following tributaries are worth mentioning:
Tributaries of higher order
The main tributaries of the second order:
- ( Brandbachstrasse ) Plain water (right, 4.2 km, 9.6 km ²; fire )
- Reulbach (right, 5.1 km, just over 5 km ²; Reulbach, fire)
- Dörmbach (left, 2.9 km, 5.6 km ²; Oberbernhards, Dörmbach )
- Fischbach (right, 3.0 km, 4.8 km ²; Kleinfischbach, unterh. Unterweids )
- Mühlbach (left, 7.1 km, 9.1 km ²; Simmershausen, Dippach )
- Fork creek (right, 3.2 km; Gerstengrund )
- Setzelbach (left, 5.1 km, 5.5 km ²; Setzelbach, unterh. Geismar )
- Heidigsfeldgraben (right, 2.2 and 2.9 km, 6.7 km ²; Großentaft )
- Sauer ( left, 4.8 km, 14.2 km ²; Oberufhausen, Unterufhausen, Soisdorf )
- Grüsselbach (right, 10.0 km, 22.8 km ²; Rasdorf, Grüsselbach )
Natural areas
The Ulster has to practically its entire length, a special natural spatial importance and separated based on various natural areas / ridges of the Rhön. It goes through three different natural areas main units:
The Upper Ulstertal is a natural space in the Hochrhön. He begins about 1 km below the Ulsterquelle, 1.3 km north-northwest of the 926 m high Heidelstein and proceeds Ehrenberg, Wüstensachsen Melperts to Seifert's where the 817 m high Ehrenberg is happening east. The valley separates the up to 950 m high water Kuppenrhön the west by continuing the Heidelstein, on Stirnberg still 902 m high Langen Rhön in the east.
In the course of the valley limestone and Röttone emerge until at Wüstensachsen the Middle Buntsandstein is achieved. The valley floor covering fluvial sediments. While the edge heights are forested, the valley also farming is operated while the flood plain consists mainly of grassland. The Ulster leaves the valley at an altitude of about 515 m.
The Mid Ulster is a natural area of Kuppenrhön, ranging from Seifert's ( and others) about Hilders and Tann and Geysa to horse village where the 487 m high, spitzkuppige Ulsterberg is passed as the last mountain in the Rhön west.
Dexter goes the length Rhön after about 6 kilometers in the Auersberger Kuppenrhön over whose namesake and highest mountain, 857 m high Auersberg, is passed as the first mountain about 2 km below.
On the left side is the first to 835 m, flanked high Milseburger Kuppenrhön in Talnachbarschaft only to 642 m. With the passing of the crests of the Boxberg ( 685 m) and 719 m mountain Habel finally Soisberger Kuppenrhön is achieved. Right of Ulster project here Dadenberg ( 726 m) and, just below, Rossberg ( 694 m) up. From then disappear the heights of the mountains edge gradually until the Ulsterberg the Rhön is exited.
The Lower Ulstertal, a sub - space nature of the salt Unger Werra mountain country, is finally the very short section of the valley of Pferdsdorf about Unterbreizbach until just before the confluence with Philippstal. Links of the river Kalihalde Philippstal (approx. 470 m ), turn right at a distance of Oechsen (approx. 627 m).
Traffic
The Ulster is accompanied along its upper and middle reaches of the majority of the section bishop Home Buttlar the B 278 near its lower course runs the section Buttlar - Vacha the B 84 and just before its confluence with the Werra crosses the Ulster B 62 The earlier running in the Ulstertal Ulstertalbahntrasse is now used largely as Ulsterradweg. About the branching at Hilders Milseburgradweg are located west valleys of Haune and Fulda and branching over the nearby Buttlar skittles bike path is the Haunetal achieve. In Wenigentaft formerly crossed the route of the Wenigentaft - Oechsener railroad.
Tourism
Tourism, the Ulster is well developed in the upper part of the Hessian, which the Rhön biosphere reserve corresponding proportion has. In Thuringia, the lower part is still missing tourist impulses, partly because of the potash industry.