Viktor Vasnetsov
Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov (Russian Виктор Михайлович Васнецов, scientific transliteration Viktor Michajlovič Vasnecov; * 3 Maijul / May 15 1848greg in the government of Vyatka, .. † July 23, 1926 in Moscow) was a Russian painter. He was known primarily as a painter of mythological and historical subjects. His younger brother Mikhailovich Vasnetsov Apollinari was also a painter.
Life
Born the son of a country parson and grandson of icon painter, he enjoyed a good education. Early on he was interested in science, astronomy and painting. Even in his youth, he worked for a merchant icon in his hometown. He also attended a course for painting. After his graduation, he decided to go to Saint Petersburg to study art.
In 1867 he entered the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. Some years later, the movement of Peredvizhniki, whose members rebelled against the prevailing and indoctrinated teaching methods emerged. Vasnetsov befriended the leader of the Peredvizhniki, Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoi as well as Ilya Repin, another member of this movement.
For his painting entitled before the people a picture of the meeting between Jesus and Pontius Pilate, he was awarded a silver medal of the Academy.
In the 1870s he created especially engravings, which represented the contemporary life in Russia. Two of these works - the country bookseller from 1870 as well as the Boy with a bottle of vodka from the year 1872 - received a bronze medal at the World Exhibition in London in 1874 during which time he began the genre painting in oil.. Here are his paintings were created, the country singer (1873 ) and The move from 1876, have gained great respect in the democratic-minded circles of Russian society.
1876 was followed by an invitation Vasnetsov Repin to Paris. Here he learned classical and contemporary painting and various styles know. During this time his image was acrobats; In addition, he exhibited some of his work at the Paris Salon.
Vasnetsov is one of the key figures of the Renaissance movement in Russian art scene. In 1877 he returned to Moscow. In the following years he focused his work on the illustrations of Russian fairy tales; he had brought from his stay in France this suggestion. This should be his most famous works, but were not appreciated during his lifetime. In many cases, it was criticized that his works would be contrary to the objectives of the Peredvizhniki. Even such a prominent expert on the works of the Peredvizhniki as Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov refused to acquire and exhibit his works. In subsequent years, however, changed public opinion.
In the period 1884-1889 Vasnetsov was commissioned with the production of frescoes in St. Volodymyr's Cathedral in Kiev. During this time he became friends with the painter Mikhail Alexandrovich Vrubel, who was working on this commissioned work with him, and was in this period the teacher. Later he produced the monumental painting The Last Judgement for George's Cathedral in Gus - Chrustalny.
1885 Vasnetsov traveled to Italy. Here he worked on stage decorations for the opera The Snow Maiden by Rimsky -Korsakov.
In subsequent years, Vasnetsov was more active as a painter; However, his later works are no longer gained attention as in the past. Around the turn of the century he refined his style of the Russian Renaissance architecture. So he designed a church in 1882 Abramtsevo; Vasily Dmitrievich Polenov support. In addition, he was responsible for the design of the pavilion of Russia for the World Exhibition in Paris in 1898.
After the October Revolution, Vasnetsov began that some of the paintings with a religious background (for example, the painter Alexander Ivanov ) were brought from the churches to the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow.
Works (selection)
Pictures
- Archip Kuindzhi (1869 )
- The move ( С квартиры на квартиру ) ( 1876)
- Poss driver in Paris ( Балаганы в Париже ) ( 1877)
- War telegram ( Военная телеграмма ") (1878 )
- Alyonushka ( Алёнушка ) ( 1881)
- Tatiana Mamontova (1884 )
- The Horsemen of the Apocalypse (1887 )
- Tsar Ivan the Terrible ( Царь Иван Васильевич Грозный ) ( 1897)
- The Snow Maiden (1899 )
- The Last Judgement (1904 )
- Ilya Muromets (1914 )
- Monumental painting The Last Judgement in the George's Cathedral, Gus- Chrustalny
- The Knight at the Crossroads (1882 )
Without Kith or Kin ( Непомнящий родства ), 1871
Grave- digger, 1871
The move, 1876
Three queens of the underground kingdom 1879
Magic Carpet, 1880
Alyonushka, 1881
Sergius of Radonezh, 1882
Tatiana Mamontova, 1884
Palace of Tsar Berendei. Set design for Rimsky -Korsakov's opera Sneguročka, 1885
The field of Igor Svyatoslavich 's battle with the Kipchaks, 1889
The Virgin and Child, 1887
His only begotten son and the word of God, 1885-1896
Russian Bishops ( fresco of St. Volodymyr Cathedral )
The Temptation, 1885-1896. (Fresco of St. Volodymyr Cathedral )
The Baptism of Kievans. (St. Volodymyr Cathedral )
The Baptism of the Holy Vladimir, 1890
Sirin and Alkonost: Birds of Joy and Sorrow, 1896
Funeral, 1896
Gamayun, the prophetic bird, 1897
Tsar Ivan the Terrible, 1897
Mary Magdalene, 1898
Bogatyr, 1898
Sneguročka, 1899
Commemorative feast after Oleg, 1899
The Mother of God, 1901
The Virgin and the Child, 1901
The Saviour, 1901
The Last Judgement, 1904
Fatherhood, 1907
Monomakh after a successful hunt
Cross on the place of assassination of Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia, designed by Vasnetsov
Boyan, 1910
Ilya Muromets, 1914
Battle of the Scythians and Slavs
The Frog Princess. 1918
The Unsmiling Tsarevna ( Nesmeyana ). 1916-1926
Koschei the Immortal, 1917-1928