City of Brussels

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The city of Brussels (sometimes just Brussels; French Bruxelles -Ville [ bʀysɛl ] or [ bʀyksɛl ], Dutch Stad Brussel [ brɵsəɫ ] ) is one of 19 municipalities of the Brussels- Capital Region and the official capital of the Kingdom of Belgium with about 170.000 (Official metropolitan area ), or approximately 1.1 million (geographical urban area ) residents.

Seat of several institutions

Brussels City is the capital and residence city of the Kingdom of Belgium, the seat of the institutions of the Flemish and French Community of Belgium and of Flanders and capital of the Brussels -Capital Region. In addition, the city is the headquarters of the European Union, and the headquarters of NATO, also the Permanent Secretariat of the Benelux countries, the EUROCONTROL and the former Western European Union.

Geography

The city of Brussels (on the map the red area) originally consisted of the city center of Brussels, which is also called the Pentagon due to its pentagonal shape or Brussels - center. Nowadays, you can divide the city of Brussels in six parts: The Pentagon (city center), sheets, Neder -over- Heembeek, Haren, the southern axis Louise / Louiza Roosevelt and the European Quarter (Quartier Leopold UE).

The municipality has 166 497 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2012) and is about 32.61 km ².

Brussels City ( number 2 on the map) adjacent to the following municipalities of the Brussels -Capital Region:

  • Jette ( 7)
  • Molenbeek-Saint-Jean/Sint-Jans-Molenbeek (13)
  • Anderlecht ( 1)
  • Saint-Gilles/Sint-Gillis (12 )
  • Uccle / Ukkel (17 )
  • Watermael-Boitsfort/Watermaal-Bosvoorde (19)
  • Etterbeek ( 4)
  • Schaerbeek / Schaerbeek (10 )
  • Saint-Josse-ten-Noode/Sint-Joost-ten-Node (14)
  • Evere ( 5)
  • Ixelles / Elsene ( 3) is divided by the South Axis of the city of Brussels in two parts

To the north borders the city of Flemish Brabant.

Quarters in the center

The center ( Pentagon ) is divided into several districts:

  • Ilot Sacre: the sacred island is the heart of the city, among other things with the Great Market and the Stock Exchange
  • Sainte -Catherine: central objects are the churches of Sainte Catherine and Saint Jean -Baptiste du Béguinage
  • Saint- Gery - Dansaert: the center is the old market hall Halles Saint Gery
  • Midi- Lemonnier: most striking building is the Palais du Midi
  • Marolles: overlooked here is the Palace of Justice
  • Sablon: eg here is the church of Notre -Dame du Sablon
  • Saint -Jacques: the famous Manneken Pis
  • Royale: dominated by the Cathedral, the Royal Palace, the Place Royale, the Palace of the Nation and the adjacent Parc de Bruxelles ( Warandepark )
  • Marais Jacqmain: the Place de Brouckere and the Théâtre Royal de la Monnaie
  • Libertes: the Place du Congres and Congress pillar

History

1229 Brussels became a town, and then the first 4 km long city wall was built, which enclosed the working site to the Great Market mainly. The Town Hall was built from 1401 to 1421. 1426 got the guilds significant influence in the city administration. It originated guild or guild houses whose replicas are preserved. On July 1, 1523 were Johann Heinrich Esch and Voes, the first Lutheran Protestants burned in public after a ruling by the Inquisition in the marketplace.

After the bombing of Brussels in August 1695 by French troops, the guild houses were built according to old models again.

As part of the expansion of the City of Brussels the Belgian capital of Avenue Louise was amalgamated with the Bois de la Cambre in the city of Brussels. In 1855 the city received a new district, the Quartier Léopold with today's European Quarter neighborhood, whereby the parish of St. Josse lost 142 of its 253 acres formerly. Finally, the original city of Brussels merged in 1921 with the following parts of sheets, Neder-Over - Heembeek and Haren.

Sheet

Sheet is located in the north of the city of Brussels and was until its incorporation in March 1921 an independent municipality, which still preserves its own postal code 1020. In the year 2005 51.839 inhabitants were counted.

Neder-Over - Heembeek

This district is located in the northwest and maintained its independent postal code 1120 after the annexation. Originally it consisted of two villages near the brook Heembeek ( " home Brook" ), as over- Heembeck ( " top - Heembeek " ) and Neder - Heembeek ( " sub - Heembeek " ) have been known since 1284 and 1814 merged. The first mention in a document 673, as the Merovingian king Theodoric III. Haimbecha the monastery of Saint- Vaast- Lez -Arras transfers, which had a rule in Hainault. Thus, Neder-Over - Heembeek the oldest congregation of the Brussels Capital Region.

In 2005 Neder-Over - Heembeek had 13,313 inhabitants.

Haren

The relatively isolated district Haren is located east of the Senne between the municipalities of Evere, Diegem Machelen and is surrounded by numerous rail lines. After its incorporation in 1921, he maintained his independent postcode 1130. Haren 1040 was mentioned for the first time, the name is attributed to the vordeutsche word Aar, the " fast-flowing water" and has derivatives to Ahr, Aarau, Aren. The old Brabant form Haeren is today preserved in the French spelling, while the Dutch-speaking official version today Haren and becomes ever stronger in the French-language use.

The old village Haeren lies to the east of the Senne between the two hills and mountain Haren Dobbelenberg that are easily recognizable even today. It was crossed by several streams, inter alia, of the Beemdgracht and the Hollebeek, both resulted in the amount of Buda Bridge in the Senne. In 1322 the castle only partly preserved was first mentioned as Castrum apud Haren.

Haren is the seat of the headquarters of NATO and Euro Control. On the territory of Haren (and partly from Evere ) was also the first Belgian airport, which was opened in 1914 during the German occupation in World War I and was used until construction of the new airport in Zaventem / Melsbroek to 1949 as a civilian and military airport. Likewise, the former Belgian airline Sabena had its seat in Haren.

In the year 2005 4.062 inhabitants were counted.

Attractions

The following list shows a selection of the attractions of the city of Brussels (main sights of the Brussels-Capital Region → see Article Brussels sights of the sheets → see Article sheets ).

Religious buildings

  • Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula, (→ Lage50.847834.359613 )
  • Notre- Dame de la Chapelle, (→ Lage50.8415064.350923 )
  • Notre -Dame du Sablon, (→ Lage50.8402564.356025 )
  • Saint Jean -Baptiste du Béguinage, (→ Lage50.8526234.350322 )
  • Sainte Catherine, (→ Lage50.8507574.348324 )
  • Saint Nicolas, (→ Lage50.8478834.351527 )
  • Notre Dame du Bon Secour, (→ Lage50.8456564.347718 )
  • Notre Dame aux Riches Claires, (→ Lage50.8471174.346584 )
  • Saint Jacques de Coudenberg, (→ Lage50.8419674.360069 )
  • Notre Dame du Finistère, (→ Lage50.8529284.355615 )
  • Chapelle de la Madeleine, (→ Lage50.8455374.355257 )

Secular buildings

  • City Hall, the Maison du Roi and the guild houses on the Grand- Place, (→ Lage50.8467284.352484 )
  • Royal Palace, (→ Lage50.8418694.362193 )
  • The Arc de Triomphe and the museums at the Cinquantenaire
  • La Monnaie ( Théâtre Royal de la Monnaie ) (→ Lage50.8496194.354201 )
  • The Royal Flemish Theatre Brussels, (→ Lage50.8554984.351936 )
  • The Palace of Justice, (→ Lage50.8368014.351805 )
  • The Palace of the Nation, the seat of the Belgian Federal Parliament (→ Lage50.8468244.364833 )
  • The stock market (→ Lage50.8480574.350215 )
  • The Berlaymont building, central building of the European Union (→ Lage50.8436074.382573 )
  • The European Parliament, (→ Lage50.8384984.375937 )
  • The Art Deco built the Palais des Beaux -Arts (architect Victor Horta; → Lage50.8442164.35954 )
  • Famous Art Nouveau buildings: Old England (→ Lage50.8428634.358783 ), Maison Saint- Cyr (→ Lage50.8478144.383931 ), Hôtel van Eetvelde by Victor Horta ( → Lage50.847164.380466 )
  • Galeries Royales Saint- Hubert ( 1847 → Lage50.8479014.355075 ) and Built in 1874, Passage du Nord ( → Lage50.8518714.354265 ) are two historically significant shopping malls
  • The Halles Saint- Gery (→ Lage50.8479624.347243 ), an old market hall, built in 1882, where, among other things Held exhibitions and concerts

Others

  • The Manneken Pis, (→ Lage50.8454.349985 )
  • Place of Marty's, (→ Lage50.8517324.35627 )
  • The Place Royale, (→ Lage50.842354.35942 ), among others, with the church of Saint Jacques de Coudenberg
  • The Congress column with the eternal flame on the Place du Congres (→ Lage50.8501184.363482 )

Parks

  • The Warandepark ( Parc de Bruxelles) between the Royal Palace and the Palace of the Nation
  • The Cinquantenaire park with the triumphal arch and museums
  • The Leopold Park (→ Lage50.8383864.378908 ) with museums and the adjoining Parliament
  • The Square Ambiorix (→ Lage50.846954.382481 ) with the adjacent Square Louise
  • The Square Frère- Orban (→ Lage50.8435024.371355 )
  • The Square de Meeûs (→ Lage50.8400334.369403 )
  • The Egmondpark (→ Lage50.8378584.356485 )
  • The Bois De La Cambre (→ Lage50.8078874.37665 ) is the large park at the end of the Avenue Louise, incorporated into the City of Brussels
Freddy Thielemans Parti Socialiste (Belgium) Residenz Saint-Gilles, Belgium Grand Place Theuderic III List of postal codes in Belgium Galeries Royales Saint-Hubert Leopold-Park Forest, Belgium Ganshoren Koekelberg
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