Districts of Vienna
Vienna is divided politically into 23 municipal districts of Vienna (city districts). From the Viennese districts are either with their name (eg " Hernals " ) or by number (eg, the " 17th District " or " The Seventeenth ", also written " Vienna 17" or " Vienna XVII "). These numbers are located on every street sign in front of the street names (eg " 17, Pezzlgasse " ) and also form the second and third digits of the postal code ( 1010 for the 1st District until 1230 for the 23rd District, 1300 refers to the not located within the city limits of Vienna airport, 1400, the post office of the extraterritorial UNO-City ). In dialect bat is sometimes instead of the term " district " used.
The concept of a municipality and district part
The district of Vienna is not comparable with the concept of the political district of other Austrian administrative divisions, which is a office area of a district team with a number of municipalities: The City of Vienna is available as a statutory city (also) in the rank of a political district, the municipal districts are seen the village -like: Just as officiate in some areas as a local mayor representative of the mayor, municipal districts are run by Bezirksvorstehern. The parts of the district are also a specifically Viennese outline that structure the districts on.
History
The city and its suburbs
The original city of Vienna consisted only of the space surrounded by the town walls area, today the bulk of the 1st district, the Inner City. ( To this day, when Vienna in Vienna speak of it, " to go into the city ," the 1st District meant. ) From the 15th century was also against the city wall a more intense colonization. At the beginning of the Turkish siege in 1529 the medieval suburbs were burned to offer the enemy no cover. The resulting later modern suburbs were legally the respective basic rule under -standing towns. 1683 the suburbs were again hit hard in the second Turkish siege affected. 1704 was built in the area of today's belt line wall to protect them. ( The term comes from the line of military fortifications technology, in the specific case he also referred to a sales tax rate. )
1850, incorporated suburbs, suburbs independently
1848/1849 the manorial rights were replaced, the villages to towns. § 2 of the Provisional Municipality Act 1849 provided: suburbs have to make with the city proper a single local church. 1850, the city and 34 suburbs were therefore merged; the city wall was demolished until 1858. The former suburbs were divided into the districts 2-8. By divisions ten districts emerged later: in 1861 the 5th district was separated from the 4th District, characterized were the districts 5-8 to 6-9 districts. 1874 were situated outside of the newly designed belt parts of the 4th and 5th district summarized the 10th district ( which was expanded in 1892 and 1954).
Outside the Walls line were the so-called suburbs, some of which - had grown already to smaller cities - such as Waehring. Since the Linienwall was a control limit, were subjected to the imports into the city and the suburbs of the consumption tax, life in the suburbs was significantly cheaper. For this reason, and because some suburbs had long since become too self- conscious communities that valued their autonomy well, negotiations for annexation approx. 20 years dragged on.
1890-1892, 1904-1906: Suburbs incorporated
Only when Emperor Franz Joseph at the opening of Türkenschanz parks in the municipality Waehring (today 18th arrondissement ) in 1888, a sensational speech on the hoped-for early " removal of physical boundary of the suburbs " held that the transaction was made ready for decision: On December 19, 1890 the Lower Austrian provincial law on the incorporation of 34 suburbs and the division of the city was decided in 19 districts now, on January 1, 1892 had the municipal district offices of the new districts 11 to 19 and the other customized administrative structures to come into operation. 1900, the 20th District was separated from the second. Decided in late 1904, state law was on the eastern side of the Danube ( on the left bank ), this large village Floridsdorf with five other municipalities and some parts of the municipality 1905/1906 as part of the 21st district of Vienna. The new district office for the 21st district became operational on 1 January 1906 at the operation. Until then, Vienna had only extends in the 2nd district, which until 1938 to the former main branch of the river, the Old Danube, ranged, on the left bank of the Danube.
1938: 97 municipalities amalgamated
- Urban area to 1938
- 1954 remaining near Vienna area
- 1954 outsourced area
After the "Anschluss " in 1938, the Reich Government were incorporated from 1 October with effect from October 15, 1938 97 Lower Austrian towns by resolution. This Vienna with an area of 1124 km ² to the " face Germany's largest city." The extent of the incorporations until the introduction of the 1946 boundary changes adopted in 1954 and led to the designation Greater Vienna. This was divided into 26 districts. New districts were:
The places Breitenfort, rennet in the forest, Perchtoldsdorf, Voesendorf and Henner village did not remain at the District Mödling, but were the 25th district, Liesing slammed. The new suburbs were designated as rural districts with the border communities.
After the end of World War II, in June 1946 in Vienna, constitutional law decided in Lower Austria and the National Council to make a majority of incorporations reversed, but failed the entry into force of the relevant laws of the resistance of Soviet representatives on the Control Council. Then the following compromise emerged: the citizens of these districts were allowed to choose mandatories for the Lower Austrian Landtag, but there they had no voting rights. On the other hand, remained the border communities in Vienna and Viennese administration, but had no representation at the Vienna City Council.
1954: 80 communities excreted
1954 also approved the Soviet representatives of the occupying forces of the demerger of many border communities; the laws adopted in 1946 were promulgated and became effective on September 1, 1954 into effect. At this time, the citizens had but often become accustomed to the membership of Vienna. Vienna itself also campaigned for her to remain in the urban community. There were even unofficial referendums, as in Mödling and Klosterneuburg. The already 1945/1946 made political decision but remained upright: Only parts of the 22 (now Danube City) and District 25 ( 23rd district) and several places on the outskirts ( total of 17 towns) so remained in Vienna. 80 villages came again autonomous communities, back to Lower Austria ( Wien-Umgebung District ). Vienna thus lost two thirds of its surface, which was now 415 km ².
Relics of Greater Vienna are still visible in electricity, gas and telephone today. The power supply of the border communities is largely still through Vienna - energy and not by EVN. Still Kledering, Wall Bach, Perchtoldsdorf, Schwechat, Voesendorf and other marginalized communities form a part of the Vienna telephone network with the prefix 01 ( 43-1 or from abroad).
Districts and parts of the district
Since the current urban area revealed by numerous incorporations of former suburbs and suburbs, you'll find their names and the names of former places still on the map. Until now exist in some parts of the city as well as mentally structurally identifiable neighborhoods or residential areas, district or districts, local custom called Grätzl. This is particularly clear in the suburbs, where often (eg Kaiserebersdorf, Wall, Hütteldorf, Grinzing ) received the traditional town centers.
The districts 1 to 9 and 20 are considered to be inner districts (also referred located within the belt, although this is not true for the 2nd, 20th and part of the 3rd district ). All others, especially the districts of 10 to 19 are called the outer districts. 21st, 22nd and 23rd district are also known as suburbs.
Over the decades, district boundaries have been revised in 1938. For example, got the part of Alservorstadt south Alserstrasse, 1850 part of today's 9th district, 1862 for the 8th District. In the districts located on the western belt in 1905 district boundaries, which still ran from the time of Linienwall in parallel lanes, moved to the belt. (So , for example, came the Vienna Volksoper of 18 in the 9th district. ) The parade ground enamel, whose unobstructed rest of today is located in the 15th district, was once one of three anrainenden districts. The place Silly on the Danube had to change crew from legal reasons, in 1954 and 1956 the district. The limit of 21 to 22 borough in 1954 a large scale northward laid. In the last thirty years, minor boundary changes to infrastructure such as the Naschmarkt one to assign instead of two districts.
Although it has the lowest population density, the 1st district counts with 100,745 employees, most employees. Reason for this high employment density is one part of the tourism, which stimulates the shopping streets and alleys, on the other hand, the good accessibility in the city center, for many companies, especially in the services sector is an important location and prestige factor.
The Danube city, the 22nd District, is the area 's largest and second-largest by population in the district. It covers 10,231 hectares and 165 265 inhabitants. Due to the large area of the Danube city has, however, also the most sparsely populated districts. Only the 13th district in the west of the city, Hietzing, has with 1,348 persons per km ² at an even lower population density, because of the almost uninhabited Lainz Zoo (25 km ²) belongs to the district.
The smallest area has the 8th district, Josefov. Since live on only 1.09 km ² but 23.930 people, which gives the second largest population density of the city. An even higher population density there is in the 5th district, Margaret. On two square kilometers 53 071 people live there, which surpasses all other areas of the city with 26,390 persons per km ².
List of districts of Vienna
When Leadership of district names in texts " should be noted that the names of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 8th, 20th and 22nd district are female and are called with article ( eg in Leopoldstadt "," auf der Wieden "," Josefstadt " ), the name of the 7th and the 9th district, however, male ( " are also called the new building "," the Alsergrund " ) and Article. All other district names are quoted without the article (eg, " in Dobling ").
Even small parts of the former suburbs Mariahilf, Laimgrube and Altlerchenfeld belong to new
Policy
" District Parliament " each district is the district council, the elections take place (with separate ballots ) simultaneously with the local elections; her single member is referred to as District. The district council elections lives in Vienna, citizens of other EU Member States, since 1995, constantly vote.
Representative of a district is the elected district director. He will always be provided by the most votes in the district council elections the party, one of his two deputies also. The second deputy belongs to the second largest party in the district. Currently, the Greens represent the district director in the 7th district, the People's Party in the bourgeois interior districts 1 and 8, and in the comprehensive to a considerable extent uptown districts 13, 18 and 19 in the other 17 districts of the district director is provided by the Social Democratic Party (all figures based on the results of the local elections in Vienna).
District council and district each have in an office building in the district of their domicile (except for the 14th district, the district where politicians meet in the 13th district ).
The municipal district offices ( MBAs ) are located also in the district for which they are responsible; except the 4th, 6th, 8th and the 14th District, who have a common, there located somewhere District Office with the 5th or 7th or 1st or 13th District. The MBAs are not subject to the county politicians, but the city manager, as they act as a " branch " of the Vienna City Administration and the Office of the Provincial Government of Vienna.
In 2002, the right to vote in district elections on non-EU citizens living in Vienna have lived for at least five years, extended the Vienna parliament. This regulation was repealed in 2004, however due to a complaint by the FPÖ and the ÖVP by the Constitutional Court again before they would reach the application.
The municipal council ( the same person as the Wiener Landtag ) has assigned the districts within the meaning of decentralization funding for autonomous use, for example to maintain the compulsory schools, the traffic areas ( unless they belong to the higher-ranking road network ) and the parks. Furthermore, the districts are involved in important processes of urban planning, traffic organization and construction. Decisions about each has the district council, or of her it has delegated committee to meet. As a second instance acts of council or the competent Executive City Councillor.