Estonian parliamentary election, 1929
The Estonian parliamentary election in 1929 was held on 11 to 13 May. There were elections to the fourth term of the Estonian Parliament ( Riigikogu ) after the adoption of the Estonian Constitution of 1920.
Election procedures
The 100 deputies were elected by proportional representation for a term of three years. The seat is allocated by D' Hondt method.
As mentioned in the preceding general election in 1926 only parties could enter parliament who have reached at least two parliamentary seats. All candidates had to pay a deposit in order to be allowed to vote.
It was in Estonia, the elective.
Election result
The election of 1929 showed a largely consolidated Estonian political spectrum. She brought little change in the composition of Parliament. As in the previous Riigikogu ten parties were represented, which did not facilitate governance.
In particular, the three largest parties were able to maintain their results from 1926 or even slightly increase. August Rei ( Eesti Sotsialistlik Tööliste Party), Jaan Teemant ( Põllumeeste Kogud ) and Rudolf Penno (Association of " settlers, farmers and state tenant " ) were the winners of the elections.
The other parties were able to keep their election results of 1926 in about. Election loser was the Estonian Labour Party ( Eesti Tööerakond ) under Otto Strandman that provided only a ten instead of so far 13 MPs.
The German -speaking and Swedish-speaking minority had formed an electoral alliance. Now put three instead of the previous two deputies. With Hans Pohl pulled alongside the two Baltic German MPs back a representative of the Swedish minority in the Riigikogu one.
Before the elections, far left socialist Estonian Workers' Party had been infiltrated by Communists and introduced a tight course, which was directed by Moscow. It reached 6.2% of the vote.
Official final result
- Number of voters: 712 670 (excluding military personnel )
- Total Votes: 508 106 (including military personnel )
- Turnout: 69.3 % (including military personnel )
- Invalid votes (including military personnel ): 3,110 (0.6%)
- Valid Votes (including military personnel ): 504 996 ( 99.4 %)
The left- socialist party Töölised, üürnikud, kalam EHED yes väikemaapidajad ( "workers, tenants, fishermen and small farmers " ), who had put to the vote, received no electoral mandate. It failed with 1.2% of votes at the 2 percent threshold.
Government formation
On June 14, ended the third legislature of the Riigikogu. On June 29, 1929 occurred after parliamentary tradition, the previous coalition government under August Rei.
On July 2, the newly elected parliament held its opening session.
Otto Strandman of the Estonian Labour Party was formed on July 9, 1929 a new center-right government. It owned Eesti Tööerakond (Estonian Labour Party, ETE), the Kristlik Rahvaerakond ( Christian People's Party, KRE ), which Põllumeeste Kogud ( Federation of Farmers, PK ), Eesti Rahvaerakond (Estonian People's Party, ER) and the Party of Asunikud, väikepõllupidajad yes riigirentnikud ( " settlers, farmers and state tenant " ) to. She stayed until February 1931 in office.
The government had to fight especially against the aftermath of the global economic crisis, Estonia from 1930 hit her hard.
Further consolidation of the Estonian political landscape
Also, due to the severe economic crisis, which led to violent internal political turmoil, it came during the fourth term for the transformation of the Estonian political landscape.
On October 29, 1931, the Estonian People's Party ( Eesti Rahvaerakond ) and the Christian People's Party merged ( Kristlik Rahvaerakond ). Both parties had separated in 1919 in the dispute over the role and position of the church in a democratic state.
On January 26, 1932, came to the union of the two factions of the Federation of Farmers ( Põllumeeste Kogud ) and the Association of " settlers, farmers and government tenants " ( Asunikkude, Väikepõllupidajate yes Riigirentnikkude Koondus ). Both parties represented the agrarian -oriented political spectrum. The official party merger was decided on a Unification Congress on 29 February 1932.
On January 29, 1932, the Estonian People's Party ( Eesti Rahvaerakond ) united with the Estonian Labour Party ( Eesti Tööerakond ) the National Centre Party ( Rahvuslik Keskerakond ). You joined on February 5, the fraction of " home owners, merchants, industrialists and other supporters of private property " ( Majaomanikud kaupmehed, töösturid yes teised eraomandust pooldajad ) to.