Eugen Jochum

Eugen Jochum ( born 1 November 1902 in Babenhausen in the Lower Allgäu, † March 26, 1987 in Munich) was a German conductor and one of the most famous interpreters of the works of Anton Bruckner.

Life

The son of a teacher, organist, choirmaster and conductor of orchestral and theater club grew up in a Catholic home on along with his brothers Otto and Georg Ludwig. The age of four, he received his first piano and organ lessons with the first six; at nine he helped out in the churches of his homeland. In this way, the original career choice was a church musician. He studied at the Augsburg Leopold Mozart Conservatory (organ, piano) and from 1922 to 1925 at the Munich Music Academy with Siegmund von Haus Egger and Hermann von Walter Hausen orchestral conducting and composition at Emanuel Gatscher organ. He also worked as a coach at the Munich Opera.

His successful debut as a conductor on March 16, 1926, the Munich Philharmonic with Bruckner's Symphony No. 7 was then determined his future. First as conductor led him to Mönchengladbach, at the Kiel Opera House ( 1927-29 ), and to Lübeck, where he took over the management of the symphony concerts of the Society of Friends of Music, and at the National Theatre Mannheim. 1930-32 he held the post of music director at the Theater Duisburg and at the Duisburg Symphony Orchestra, a position he held also at the Städtische Oper Berlin 1932-34. These Jochum was musical director of the show " Radio Hour", conducted the Berlin Philharmonic and the Berlin station. As followers of Karl Böhm, he was from 1934 to 1949 General Music Director of the Hamburg State Opera and conductor of the Philharmonic Orchestra.

During the Nazi period he performed several times at concerts as part of events of the Nazi Party and in occupied territories, but was not itself a party member. So he conducted the Philharmonic State Orchestra Hamburg concerts to Hitler's birthday in 1933 and during Hitler's visit on August 17, 1934 in Hamburg Arno Parduns fight song people to arms. On January 15, 1935 Jochum conducted " in light of the national importance " of the day of the Saar plebiscite, a concert by the Berlin Philharmonic. On November 24, 1936 as the conductor of this year, from Hitler to the State appointed Kapellmeister Jochum for the DAF, the Munich Philharmonic in the first KdF concert. More KdF concerts he conducted on 6 February and 12 October 1938 in Berlin. For the day of the " German Art " he gave on July 15, 1939 concert at Munich's Royal Square. In the territories occupied by the German Wehrmacht areas he undertook in 1941 a tour with the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra and has given concerts in Brussels and Paris. In 1943, he conducted a concert in Paris of the Conservatory Orchestra. On the other hand, he succeeded to the political pressure of the works was banned by the regime composers such as Bartók, Hindemith and Stravinsky perform, at least until the end of the 1930s. Jochum name is in the Gottbegnadeten list approved in August 1944 by Hitler.

In 1949 he founded the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra, which he led until 1960, and made one of the leading orchestras in Germany, next he joined often as a guest conductor at the Munich opera. At the Bayreuth Festival, he was invited in 1953 for Tristan, Lohengrin and Tannhäuser 1954 and 1971 to 1973 for Parsifal.

After working in Munich, he shared the 1960 to 1963 with Bernard Haitink the leadership of the Concertgebouw Orchestra in Amsterdam with whom he a two-month critically acclaimed concert tour of the United States undertook in 1961. As the successor to Joseph Keilberth he served as artistic director of the Bamberg Symphony Orchestra from 1969, whose chief conductor he was from 1971 to 1973 and appointed him honorary conductor.

In the 1960s and 1970s he performed well in many cases at the Deutsche Oper in Berlin, the Bavarian State Opera and the Vienna State Opera. Jochum counted in those years the best-known conductor and was obliged by all the leading orchestras of the world.

Appreciation

Eugen Jochum, one of the outstanding conductors of the 20th century, was still influenced by the late German Romanticism. In addition to the particularly esteemed by him composers such as JS Bach, Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Brahms and Wagner, his preference was mainly the work of Bruckner. He devoted himself thereby also the choral works and played 1959-1967 for the first time all nine symphonies of Bruckner on record, which for the first time in late 1967 as Subskriptionsausgabe and again in 1973 by Deutsche Grammophon as part of its 75th anniversary edition in a cassette as total intake published. In his interpretations he preferred the original versions in touch edition by Leopold Nowak, since " Bruckner 's symphonies only in their original form are possible. " From 1950 he was also President of the German Section of the International Bruckner Society.

Musical accomplishments of the 20th century could Jochum little abgewinnen ( " This goes against all my ideas of music " ), but was not all closed. In addition to the well received by it works Orff ( Carmina Burana, Catulli Carmina ) and Höller ( Symphonic Fantasia, Sweelinck variations ) are among the taken place under his leadership, premieres the following compositions: Blacher's Concerto for Strings (1942 ), Egk Suite française (1950 ), Alberto Bruno Tedeschi's Concerto per il principe Eugenio (1951 ), Hartmann's Symphony No. 6 (April 24, 1953) and Einem dance Rondo, Op 27 (13 November 1959), the latter two works each with the Symphony Orchestra of the Bavarian Radio in Munich.

Quote

" My musical talent I see as a gift from above. I wish that they will never end in itself, and I believe that I have the task to serve -. To be a medium for the thoughts of the great masters, in turn express the thoughts of the Supreme Being "

Awards and honors

Discography ( Notes )

Anton Bruckner: The Nine Symphonies. Hamburg in 2002, Universal Music 469810-2 Re-release of recordings from the years 1957-67 with the Berlin Philharmonic and the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra.
Centenaire Eugen Jochum. Archives from 1948 to 1961. 4- CD box set; France in 2002, Tahra Tah 470-473. With works by Mozart, Beethoven, Brahms and Mussorgsky and the Berlin Philharmonic, Concertgebouw Orchestra and the Symphony Orchestra of the Bavarian Radio.

Centenaire Eugen Jochum. Archives from 1933 to 1945. 4- CD box set; France in 2002, Tahra Tah 466-469. ADD. With works by Wagner, Brahms, Beethoven, Mozart, Reger and Corelli and the Berlin and Hamburg Philharmonic and the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra.

Centenaire Eugen Jochum. Archives from 1963 to 1986. 4- CD box set; France in 2002, Tahra Tah 474-477. With works by Brahms, Grieg, Schubert, Debussy, Berlioz, Wagner, Bach and Franck and the Concertgebouw Orchestra and the RIAS Symphony Orchestra.

Writings

For the interpretation of the finale of the Fourth Symphony of Anton Bruckner. In: Karl Heinz Schmidthüs (ed.): Christian attainment. Romano Guardini 's 50th birthday. The Schildgenossen, Supplement 1, ZDB - ID 208000 -x.. Burgverlag, Rothfels am Main 1935 republication in: Eugen Jochum. Edited by Eugen Jochum - Society e.V., Ottobeuren. Plöger, Annweiler 2005, pp. 169 -, ISBN 3-89857-185-8.
The original version of Bruckner 's symphonies. In: Bruckner Festival in Hamburg 1938.Programmheft. Republishing in: Eugen Jochum. Edited by Eugen Jochum - Society e.V., Ottobeuren. Plöger, Annweiler 2005, pp. 177 -, ISBN 3-89857-185-8. .
On the Phenomenology of conducting. ( Privately printed ). S. L. 1938.
For the interpretation of the Fifth Symphony of Anton Bruckner. An annual report. In: Franz grass Berger (ed.): Bruckner studies. Leopold Nowak 60th Birthday. Bruckner Studies, Volume 1964. Musikwissenschaftlicher Verlag, Wien 1964.
At the opera is just the improvisational appealing. In: Egloff Schwaiger: Why the applause. Famous artists about their music. Ehrenwirth, Munich 1968. ( Edition 1973: ISBN 3- 431-01285 -X).
For interpretation of the symphonies of Anton Bruckner. Supplement to the complete recording of Bruckner's symphonies with the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra, DGG stereo 2720037-18. Republishing in: Eugen Jochum. Edited by Eugen Jochum - Society e.V., Ottobeuren. Plöger, Annweiler 2005, pp. 181 -, ISBN 3-89857-185-8.

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