Falls of Clyde (ship)

The Falls of Clyde is the only surviving four-masted full-rigged ship, and the only surviving sail -driven oil tanker. Currently, she is a museum ship in Hawaii Maritime Center in the Port of Honolulu.

Description

The four-master was placed at Russell & Co., Port Glasgow, for the Falls Line ( Wright, Breakenridge & Co., Glasgow ) to Kiel. It was designed as a smooth -decker with two continuous iron decks, poop and back, the prevailing body type, by William Lithgow, modeled on the medium clipper, to the UK very popular four-masted full-rigged ship rigging, which was never built in Germany and rarely driven (see Peter Rickmers ). The iron hull was originally painted gray top with black and white edging tape, the underwater hull with waterline carmine. Later it had a black hull, once again reflecting the original gray hull. The back of 34 feet contained the crew's quarters and a large winch. Three large hatches between the masts broke the open deck, two riveted iron Cabins, one with kitchen, steward and cook cabin behind the main mast and the second with the cabin boy berths before the cross pole. In the poop deck (23 feet) there was the comfortable mess with valuable furniture, mahogany columns and paneling, brass fittings and marble sideboard, to the officer and passenger cabins with the master room, led by their passage a flight of stairs in a shelter on the poop deck, on which at the stern was the wheelhouse with steering wheel, before the binnacle, and a large skylight for the fair.

After switching to Wm Matson 1899, the crew quarters were next to the Umtakelung away in the back and installed a large refrigerator for perishable provisions for the four-masted barque. A wooden deck house with new galley and bunks for 12 men, plus cabins for steward and chef came to the front main deck, an auxiliary steam engine in place of the old caboose in the iron deck house. On the poop deck a small wooden shelter for passengers has been installed.

In 1907 a further reorganization of the Falls of Clyde in a sailing oil tanker. Ten steel liquid cargo tanks double, five on each side were installed, plus a pump, boiler room with all lines, pipes, cleaning and safety equipment.

History and Travel

Baptized on 12 December 1878 the Falls of Clyde at New Lanark, South Lanarkshire, she led her maiden voyage on April 20, 1879 by Greenock, Scotland, to Karachi and back to London, where she broke in on December 18, 1879. The ship was under its first owner in the Jutefahrt to Calcutta, India, used, which is why these ships have been designated according to the " East Indiaman " as " Indiaman " (English " Indiaman "). It transported next to jute and cement, iron in various shape, grain and other bulk commodities to Bombay, Rangoon, Singapore, Bangkok and many ports in the Pacific such as Portland (Oregon ), San Francisco, Melbourne, Auckland, Hong Kong and Shanghai.

1898 made ​​the Falls of Clyde her last voyage as a full ship and the British merchant flag from London to San Francisco, where she arrived on 21 November. The ship changed hands to " Wm Matson " ( Honolulu ) to change the crew on December 21, they hauled to Honolulu ( Oahu, Hawaii), she was the first full viermastige ship reached in January 1899 and was registered there. There she was umgetakelt for four-masted barque and took passengers and freight between California and Hawaii. She made more than sixty travel between Hilo ( Hawai'i ) and San Francisco, with an average duration of 17 days. In 1906 she joined "the Associated Oil Co. " and became a transport box for oil tankers to sail in 1907 with 10 tanks, control and pump room remodeled. By 1920, the Falls of Clyde drove in oil transportation between California and Oahu, Hawaii, and back traveling with molasses for cattle feed and made 5-9 trips per year. Then she went to the company " GW McNear " from San Francisco. Under the new flag they drove on January 31, 1920 by San Francisco with a cargo box oil to Kolding, Denmark (June 6 ). 12 days later she traveled to Beaumont, Texas, on August 26 to Port Arthur. Another charge Texas oil brought ausreisend on September 4 at November 12, 1920 in Copenhagen. Upon arrival in Texas in February 1921, the Falls of Clyde " General Petroleum Co. " was from San Francisco sold ( March 1921 ). Under the new owners, she made her last voyage under sail to Buenos Aires via Tampico, Mexico, in the summer of 1921. Upon returning to the port of Tampico on August 21, 1921 she was laid up until December 1921.

January 1922 was the Falls of Clyde from Tampico through the Panama Canal to San Pedro (February 28 ), California, towed. Here the yards and spars were removed, and the vessel in a tanker barge the " General Petroleum Co. " rebuilt. On March 27, 1922, she dragged the steamer Yorba Linda with a stop in Seattle to Ketchikan, Alaska, where she served the next 37 years (1959 ) as "the floating filling station in Ketchikan ." The " head " of the oil barge and his family lived in Mass, officer and crew quarters and cabins of the ship. 1959 opened up " General Petroleum Co. " (now " Mobil Oil " ) new production sites, and the unneeded Falls of Clyde came to William W. Mitchell from Ketchikan, who had it towed to Seattle and hang there. Between 1959 and 1963 several attempts by Capt. Fred Klebingat and others were made ​​to save the old ship as a breakwater against Vancouver before use. In 1963, that no longer seemed the end of the Falls of Clyde avoidable, succeeded with the help of funds from the Matson Navigation Co. to acquire and nationwide donations, the ship for U.S. $ 18,900. The U.S. Navy tug USS Moctobi brought the Falls of Clyde in 20 days from Honolulu on Oahu, Hawaii, where it was enthusiastically received in her former home port ( November 1963 ), where she was registered more than half a century.

Prior to its opening in 1968 as a museum ship at Pier 5 was largely restored. 1970 they built a new, set-in to the mast stumps masts and riggte in subsequent years, the Falls of Clyde to authentic plans with Drahtseilrigg as a four-masted ship back on. Carrier was the " Bernice P. Bishop Memorial Museum ". The ship was soon in the hands of the newly established "Hawaii Maritime Center " and was moved to Pier 7 - the main attraction of the Naval Museum. Since April 11th, 1989, the Falls of Clyde, a National Historic Landmark. It is debatable to what extent a planned restoration took place. The ship was 130 years old in November 2008, but is located in a very poor condition and is closed to visitors since February 2007. The rig is largely rotted and the hull badly corroded, as the ship was in dock last 1987 and since then zinc sacrificial anodes, although procured, but were never installed. Once there were plans of the museum, to sink the ship off the coast, it was sold in the fall of 2008 for the symbolic price of $ 1 to a private group " Friends of the Falls of Clyde ," but so far has only $ 35,000, while the previous owner estimated the cost for the complete recovery of $ 30 million. In November 2008, the ship was now left its traditional moorings. However, a conversion into dry dock failed due to a storm and in the insulation of the cable systems, asbestos was discovered. A dispute between the new owners and the previous owners about the cost of renovation can be the fate of the ship in the balance. It was planned that it should return to the Pier 7 after a stay in the Dock.

More Falls- of- ships

The shipping company " Wright, Breakenridge & Co. " had a total of nine large four-masted square rigger at Russell & Co., Port Glasgow & Greenock, for their " Glasgow Falls Line" ( " Glasgow Falls Line") build, all by Scottish waterfalls - were named and their first copy - even little-known the Falls of Clyde was. A year later, the same design, slightly smaller sister ship Falls of Bruar. A further seven four-masted were laid up in 1894 to Kiel, including five four-masted full-rigged ships, two of which ( Falls of Afton, Falls of Halladale ) were umgeriggt later to four-masted barques, and two four-masted barques of iron and steel. Largest and fastest unit was the Falls of Earn. All but the last unit Falls of Ettrick were iron ships and had the first three Rahmasten the so-called Standardrigg that emerged slowly after 1880. It had split with Mars and Bramsegeln and Royals to six square sails per mast. Some of the units as the Falls of Halladale had taken a gray hull with black-and- white statements for the edge of the vessel, a port band, completed in black rectangles on a white background, top edge to the ship with a black stripe.

The tall ships of the shipping company Wright, Breakenridge & Co., since 1892 Wright, Graham & Co.

• Falls of Clyde, four-masted full-rigged ship (12/ 1878); 1809 GRT, 1748 NRT; Rig with double Mars, simple Bramsegeln, Royal Sailing
• Falls of Bruar, four-masted full-rigged ship (03 / 1879); 1808 GRT, 1740 NRT; Rig with double Mars, simple Bramsegeln, Royal Sailing
• Falls of Afton, four-masted full-rigged ship (02/ 1882); 1974 GRT, 1899 NRT; Standardrigg, mizzen: double Mars, simple topsails, royals; as a four-masted barque (1901 ): mizzen topmast with, one gaff
• Falls of Dee, four-masted full-rigged ship (04 / 1882); 1973 GRT, 1844 NRT; Standardrigg, mizzen: double Mars, simple topsails, royals
• Falls of Foyers, four-masted full-rigged ship (04 / 1883); 2009 GRT, 1974 NRT; Standardrigg, mizzen: simple Mars & topsails, royals
• Falls of Earn, four-masted full-rigged ship (05 / 1884); 2386 GRT, 2292 NRT; Standardrigg, wholesale and aft mast: Skysegel
• Falls of Garry, four-masted barque (06 / 1886); 2088 GRT, 2026 NRT; Rig with double Mars, simple topsails, Royal Sailing; Mizzen mast as a stake, one gaff
• Falls of Halladale, four-masted full-rigged ship (07 / 1886); 2085 GRT, 2026 NRT; Standardrigg; as a four-masted barque (1890): mizzen topmast with, one gaff
• Falls of Ettrick, steel four-masted barque (03 / 1894); 1974 GRT, 1899 NRT: Standardrigg, mizzen topmast with, one gaff

Today there of these ships, only the Falls of Clyde.