Göschenen
Göschenen
Göschenen is a municipality in the Reuss valley of Uri in Switzerland.
- 3.1 legislative
- 3.2 executive
- 4.1 energy
- 4.2 traffic
Geography
The village is located in the upper Reuss valley Göschenen. To the municipality together with the village, the hamlet include Abfrutt ( 1,168 m), Wiggen ( 1'318 m) and Gwüest ( 1,582 m) in Göschenertal. The earlier settlement Göscheneralp nine kilometers west of the village, has disappeared in the reservoir Göscheneralpsee. Their inhabitants moved to after Gwüest. In the Alpine hamlet Wiggen the Alper Reuss and the Voralpreuss flow together, which flows through the Voralptal. The water carries from then on the name Göschenerreuss. Only 1 % of the community are built-up area, half of which is traffic area. The agricultural area reached 759 ha even one a share of 7 %, including are primarily the Alpine regions in the Göschenertal with 689 ha only 70 ha are meadows and farmland. In addition 11% of the unproductive area includes the majority of the municipality, a total of 8372 ha or 80.4 %. It is almost exclusively to areas without vegetation ( high mountains) or areas with unproductive vegetation ( high alpine vegetation). The Göscheneralptal is accordingly developed for alpine hiking and popular with climbers. There are a total of 4 huts and a bivouac of the SAC in the municipality of Göschenen, there are those Salbit - the, Voralp - the lake and the Dammahütte, the two former are connected since 2010 in Alpine hikers through the Salbitbrücke.
Göschenen bordered to the west by the municipality in the Valais Goms valley and to the Bernese Oberland community Gadmen, on the north by Wassen, on the east by Gurtnellen and south to Andermatt, Hospental and Realp.
Population
Between 1837 and 1850, the population stagnated. Because of its affiliation with the community Wassen (up to 1875), there is then no more until 1880 population figures. A record number of 1880 is due to the presence of numerous construction workers of the Gotthard Railway. Then also the significant population decline is attributable to 1888. As a result of the connection to the rail network, there was 1888-1920 a growth of almost 40%.
In the 1920s there was a sharp population decline ( 1920 to 1930: -11.3 % ), followed by a decade of stagnation. In the 1940s, a further emigration thrust followed ( 1941 to 1950: -17.9 %), advance to the canton Uri lowlands. The high population of 1960 can be explained by the presence of numerous construction workers for the Göscheneralpstausee. After all, this construction led to a significant population growth (1950-1970: 27.2 % ), so that Göschenen 1970 more than 1941 inhabitants counted Since then the number of residents decreases, . 1970-2005 halved the number of inhabitants.
Languages
The population speaks a high- Alemannic dialect. Almost the entire population speaks German as a daily vernacular. At the last census in 2000 gave 95 % German, 2% and 1% Portuguese Spanish as the main language.
Religions - faiths
The population was formerly full member of the Roman Catholic Church. The confessional relations in 2000 can still recognize the original structure. 452 people were Catholic ( 88.45 %). There were 4% Evangelical Protestant Christians and 4% non-religious. 14 people did not respond to their creed.
Origin - Nationality
From the end of 2005 473 inhabitants were 440 ( 93%) of Swiss nationals. The immigrants originate mainly from Central Europe ( Germany, Austria and Liechtenstein ), from southern Europe (Italy, Portugal and Spain) and from Iceland and Brazil. At the 2000 census, 483 people (94%) were Swiss citizens; it possessed fifteen persons dual citizenship.
Age structure
The municipality has a high proportion of elderly residents. The proportion of people under twenty years of 21 % of the population is well below the percentage of people in old age (60 years and over: 26.42% ).
At the last census in 2000 showed the following age structure:
Policy
Legislature
The local council is the legislative body. It occurs usually meets twice a year.
Executive
The seven-member council is the executive. He is a part-time working. Mayor Felix Cavaletti (as of 2013).
Economy
In 2005 there were 10 farms that offered 34 jobs. Industrial employees working in four workplaces 75, the service sector in 17 farms, 96 people ( employment on a full- time equivalent ). The 2000 census revealed 12 agricultural and forestry enterprises with 35 employees. The census in 2001 came on 6 industrial and commercial enterprises with 109 and 23 service companies with 121 employees. Of the economically active in 2000 268 people were working Göschenen 143 (53%) in their own community. Overall, the place offered 243 people at work, of which 143 (59%) were locals.
The 125 commuters do their work mostly in other municipalities of the canton of Uri. Among 34 people in Altdorf, 30 in Andermatt, each 12 in Erstfeld and Wassen, 7 in Schattdorf and 5 in silenes. There were also 100 commuters. These came mainly from silenes (20 persons), Wassen (14 ), Andermatt (12 ), Altdorf and Schattdorf ( 10 each ), and Erstfeld Gurtnellen ( 9 each ).
Energy
About eight kilometers above the Valley of the Göschenerreuss is the Göscheneralp Reservoir, which is used for energy production in power plant Göschenen. There is also a small church ministry.
Traffic
On Göschener municipal area is the north portal of the built 1872-1882 Gotthard tunnel, the Gotthard Railway and the northern portal of the Gotthard road tunnel, which was opened in 1980.
The Göschenen station is also the starting point of the Schöllenenbahn (today Matterhorn -Gotthard -Bahn ), a meter-gauge cog railway up to Andermatt. This leads through the narrow valley of the Reuss, the Schöllenenschlucht, with the famous Devil's Bridge.
Attractions
Typical commuter trains of the Matterhorn- Gotthard -Bahn to the station forecourt of Göschenen
Station with Gotthard tunnel portals
116 m long tunnel visor ( to the public) for the construction of the Gotthard tunnel in 1872
Salbitschijen and bridge
Personalities
- Ernst Zahn (1867-1952), writer, 1900-1916 hotelier in Göschenen
- Louis Favre (1826-1879), engineer, died in 1879 in Göschenen while working on the Gotthard tunnel