Gydan Peninsula
Geographical location
The Gydan Peninsula (Russian Гыданский полуостров, Gydanski poluostrow ) is a peninsula in northern West Siberia in the Asian part of Russia.
Geography and natural conditions
The more than 100,000 km ² peninsula is located in the northern part of the West Siberian lowlands on the coast of the Kara Sea, a marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean. In the west it is bordered by Obbusen and the east opens into him Tasbusen, to the east by the estuary of the Yenisei ( Jenisseibusen ). The northern part of the peninsula is separated from Gydanbusen into two parts. The peninsula extends from north to south and from west to east direction over approximately 400 kilometers.
The surface is a hilly plain, which is characterized by Quaternary marine and glacial sediments. In the along the west side of the peninsula extending Yuribei -downs ( Juribeiskaja grjada ) and the peninsula of southwest to northeast intersecting Gydan -downs ( Gydanskaja grjada ) can be achieved above sea level heights of over 150 meters. The shallower parts of the peninsula, in particular the Gydanbusen, are heavily waterlogged and rich in lakes; The largest lakes are Jambuto, Periptaweto, Chassato, Chutscheto and Jarato. South of the peninsula is bordered by about 200 meters high Tanama - ridge ( Tanamskaja woswyschennost ).
The most important rivers are the 479 km long, ending in the Gydanbusen Yuribei and in the Yenisei underflow opening out, 521 km long Tanama.
The climate is harsh; the average January temperature is -26 ° C to -30 ° C, the mean July temperature 4 ° C to 11.5 ° C. The average rainfall is 200 to 300 mm relatively low. It weighs about tundra landscape, which merges into clear forest-tundra in the southern part of the peninsula.
Population and Economy
Administratively, the territory belongs primarily to the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District ( Raion Tasowski ), only the outermost east to the Krasnoyarsk region ( Rajon Taimyr, former Autonomous District ).
The Gydan Peninsula is sparsely populated; there live a total of about 7,000 people. Today there are only two permanently inhabited villages, Antipajuta on Tasbusen and Gyda on Gydanbusen. In the extreme north-east on the banks of Jenisseibusens the polar station Leskino founded in 1934. All year motorable roads missing.
A large majority of the population members of the indigenous people of the Nenets, the nomadic or semi-nomadic operate reindeer herding, hunting and fishing. In particular, in the western part of the peninsula a number of natural gas deposits were discovered but not yet developed.
The northern part of the peninsula and several islands, including Oleni were made in 1996 as Sapowednik Gydanski under protection. The five sub-areas of the area together comprise 878 174 hectares.