Immanuel Winkler
Immanuel Winkler ( born June 3, 1886 in Sarata, † June 18, 1932 in Winnipeg ), actually Adolf Immanuel Matthew, was a pastor in Hope Valley and author. During the First World War, Immanuel Winkler continued to enforce the rights of the Germans in Russia.
Life
Immanuel Winkler was born as the first of thirteen children in the village Sarata. His parents, Bessarabia German peasants were Matthew Winkler and his wife Elisabeth Katharina, born black man. Immanuel Winkler's great-grandparents from Haunsheim and Grundremmingen were followers of the Catholic priest Ignaz Lindl, an advocate of the Allgäu revivalism, and emigrated in 1822 from religious reasons to Bessarabia from.
From 1899 to 1902 Immanuel Winkler attended school in Sarata until 1904, the school in Novgorod, 1904-1909, he studied theology at the Imperial University of Dorpat in Yuriev, was ordained on November 6, 1911 in Hope Valley and then to 1918 was pastor in Hoffnungstal and vicar in Kassel (now Welykokomariwka / Великокомарівка ); both places in the district Glückstal in Odessa.
1915, during the First World War, the young pastor Immanuel Winkler was convened as a chaplain, but was sent after half a year back home, because he made no secret of his German sentiments.
About a year later he got for his " Germanophile mind " the expulsion order. Within 48 hours he should leave Hoffnungstal and pull 100 km eastward. Through the intercession of a high official in Odessa the expulsion order was reversed, but a few months later, shortly after his marriage to Felicia Henriette Holm Soon ( daughter of the real State Council Franz Julius von Holmblad ), he got another expulsion order and this time he had then continues 1500 kilometers to the east, to Saratov, where he stayed with other, mostly Baltic pastors in the city; but was allowed to resettle in 1917 to Kharkov, where his eldest son, Bernhard was born.
The February Revolution of 1917, with the overthrow of the tsarist government and the proclamation was made after the civil rights for all citizens of the Russian Empire in March 1917 aroused among the German population of Russia hopes for an improvement in their condition. Under an improvement in the situation they generally understood the withdrawal of the settlement laws of 1915 and just compensation for damages and losses that were caused by the fact approval of the German language as official and the language of instruction and autonomy and minority rights in the newly created Russian state.
The dissatisfaction with the actions of the government aroused in all layers of the feeling of togetherness and promoted the will to act together. The German colonists had gained the knowledge that with a reasonable and consistent representation of the interests of the colonists was not expected by existing political parties from the state measures of the year 1915. The work of the German Duma deputies and Karl Lindemann and the experience of the association's activities after 1905 have significantly contributed to the colonists very soon after the seizure of power by the Provisional Government began to organize themselves. It seemed everywhere to meetings. So also in Odessa, where on March 18, 1917, a provisional organizing committee and on 28 March came to an " All-Russian Federation of Russian German ". The Odessa Committee sent several " agitators " who carry out meetings in larger towns and the establishment of local committees should promote.
Political career
The Crown Colony Crimean Taurien
While John Schleunig, representatives of the Volga colonists began for the protection of the German Reich and the right to a return migration to Germany, Pastor Immanuel Winkler continued, in the meantime, Chairman of the Central Committee of the " All-Russian Association of Russian citizens of German nationality" in Odessa for the establishment of a Crown Colony Crimea Tauris, in which all colonists of southern Russia ( southern Ukraine, Bessarabia, Crimea ) had to settle under the protection of the German Reich, a. In addition, Winkler called for the colonists inclusion in the National Association, ie the grant of the nationality of the German Reich. This plan presented Winkler in the settlement politician and former Secretary of State Friedrich von Lindequist, the First Quartermaster General of the Army High Command ( OHL ) Erich Ludendorff and government representatives in Berlin ( March 1918 ). The Crimea should be a permanently occupied colonial state are with German colonization, as a naval base important for the German influence in the Caucasus and Middle East. The plan was rejected in Germany, after some initial interest in the Privy Council to Spa on the grounds that the Crimea in the event of war could not be held on 2 July 1918. Also without success remained Winkler's efforts to mass- naturalization of the colonists, because the German citizenship was granted only to individuals and certain categories of persons who presented themselves at the service of the German Empire ( recruits for the Army and their immediate families ). After the collapse of the German Reich in November 1918 and the withdrawal of the German and Austrian troops, the representatives of the Russian-Germans gave up their plans on permanently.
Now erase the traces of Imanuel Winkler. He probably fled after the withdrawal of German and Austrian troops to Germany, where in 1920 his daughter, Irene, and his second son, Gerhard arrived in Frankfurt / Oder to the world. In July 1927, he emigrated with his family to Canada, where in Winnipeg, Manitoba, he took his own life on June 18, 1932.
Works
- Calendar for the German colonists in Russia: on the year: 1918, Petrograd, 1917, 128 pp.
- House Calendar for the German colonists in Russia on the year: 1919, Stuttgart, steels & Peace, 1918