Kanha-Nationalpark
The Kanha National Park is located 164 km away from Jabalpur in Madhya Pradesh and is one of the most famous national parks of India. It was founded in 1955 year and covers an area of 940 square kilometers in the two districts Mandla and Balaghat. Together with the surrounding 1009 km ² of the buffer zone and the 110 km ² Phen Sanctuary it forms the Kanha Tiger Reserve.
History
Already since 1865 existed on the territory of Kanha National Park, some forest reserves in which the gathering of firewood and grazing was permitted by domestic cattle. The hunt for the right numerous wildlife of the area was allowed with permits. In May 1933, the first time was an area of 252 km ² in 1935 a further 500 km ² area in the Halon valley set up as a game reserve, where hunting was prohibited on wildlife, with the exception of feral pigs and birds in the Banjar Valley. The protection status of halon area was offset a little later due to heavy forest and crop damage by wild animals again. On 1 June 1955, the 252 km ² large wildlife sanctuary was declared a National Park, the area of which was in 1964 extended to 318 km ². By 1970 the national park was limited to the Mandla district, but this year 127 km ² were annexed the adjoining Balaghat District, which resulted in a total of 446 km ². With the beginning of the Project Tiger 1973 500 km ² area of the Halon valley were again added, making the park reached its current size of 940 km ². In addition, 1009 km ² were the Surrounding area designated as a buffer zone and explained together with the area of the National Park for tiger reserve. In 1983 the 110 km ² Phen Sanctuary was set up, which although not directly adjacent to the park. The entire protected area is therefore 2059 km ².
Landscape and vegetation
Kahna is part of the Central Indian Highlands. The landscape is characterized by rolling hills and some valleys, as well as by flat plateaus. The two main rivers are the Banjar and Halon of. The three main forms of vegetation are Salwälder, Deciduous mixed forests and grasslands. Some of these grasslands have developed on land which was once used for agricultural purposes.
Wildlife
Kanha is best known for its large mammals. The park has a good tiger population and considered as one of the places with the highest probability to observe this cat in the wild. The population of striped hunters rose from 48 in 1976 to 127 in 2001. In addition, other large carnivore species are available in the park. The number of leopards is given for the year 2000 with 80 of the Dhole with 396 and that of sloth bears at 111.
A special feature of the park is the last wildlife occurrences of Hochlandbarasingas (Cervus duvauceli branderi ), a subspecies of the Barasinghahirsches, which is found only here. They multiplied by 66 animals in 1970 to 349 in 2000. Besides the Barasingha three other species of deer in the area occur. The most common is the axis deer, whose collection includes about 20,000 animals, and rising. In the year 2000 3621 sambar deer and barking deer in 1209 were counted beyond. While the populations of the different deer total increase, the stocks of the three antelope species declined, however. For the year 2000 only 73 nilgai, 78 Four horn antelope and two blackbuck be specified. The park has with 1197 copies ( in 2000) a good population of the mighty Gaure. Very often Hulman ( 6668 in 2000) and wild boar ( 8534 animals in 2000) to be found.
Other large mammals of the park are the rhesus monkey, golden jackal, wolf (rare), Bengalfuchs, Indian otter, honey badger, small Indian civet, Indian gray mongoose, Indian mongoose, striped hyena, jungle cat, Bengal, India Kantschil, Indian pangolin, palm squirrel, Indian porcupine and Black neck hare.
Infrastructure
The two inputs are in the villages Khatia and Mukki, which are accessible via paved roads. The park is open all year.