Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic
The Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (abbreviation LiBr ) was from 1940 a Union Republic of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, and changed in 1990 to the independent Republic of Lithuania.
Development
The Lithuanian SSR was first proclaimed on 16 December 1918. Already on 27 February 1919, by union with the Byelorussian SSR joint Lithuanian - Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, which is also known under the name Litbel. This short-lived republic included but only the part of Lithuania Vilnius and was disbanded in July 1919, after Polish troops occupied much of the territory during the Polish-Soviet War.
After the conclusion of the peace treaty between the USSR and Lithuania in 1920, the Lithuanian part of Lithuania was returned, but shortly afterwards occupied by Polish troops. After the outbreak of the Second World War, the Red Army occupied this Polish-occupied part of Lithuania, to pass him under the border agreement of 1920, in turn, to Lithuania. But was followed by an ultimatum after military presence of the Red Army in Lithuania, which was yielded.
On 15 June 1940 the Red Army marched into Lithuania. The founding date of the Lithuanian SSR was July 21, 1940 after a rigged election ( officially with a turnout of 99%) of a people's parliament ( lit.: liaudies Seimas ) was. Chosen that the application of Antanas Snieckus, a request for inclusion in the to ask the USSR, agreed.
From 1941 to 1945, Lithuania was occupied by the Wehrmacht and belonged to the Reich Commissariat Ostland.
In the course of perestroika (later Atkuriamasis Seimas ) of the Lithuanian SSR was posted on February 24, 1990 for the first time in free elections, the Supreme Soviet voted, on 11 March 1990 the Declaration of Independence adopted.
The USSR leadership tried to resolve the issue of Lithuanian independence in the context of a constitutionally compliant law on the withdrawal of Union Republics of April 3, 1990, the Lithuanian leadership did not go out a. Lithuania looked at the membership of the USSR as forced and thus as a violation of international law and void. From today's point of view belonged to Lithuania Lithuanian USSR legally irrelevant. Finally, the USSR recognized the independence of Lithuania on 6 September 1991, which the Russian Federation has confirmed.
On 31 August 1993, the last Soviet troop left the Republic of Lithuania.
Recognition and status
The German Reich saw 1940 the Soviet annexation of Lithuania true to the division of spheres of interest in the Hitler- Stalin pact on. The Federal Republic accepted as some Western States Western States de facto the Soviet annexation of the three Baltic states, but considered de jure Lithuania, Estonia and Latvia as independent subjects of international law. The East German government took the view of the Soviet leadership, after the Baltic states of the USSR have joined voluntarily and lawfully. Diplomatic relations between Germany and Lithuania, however, were only resumed on 28 August 1991, after the virtual collapse of the Soviet Union in August coup.
Chairman of the Council of Ministers
1940/44-1990: