Mallnitz
Mallnitz is a municipality with 814 inhabitants (as of 1 January 2013 ) in the district of Spittal an der Drau in Carinthia in Austria.
- 6.1 City Council and Mayor
- 6.2 twinning
- 6.3 Coat of Arms
Geography
Geographical location
The municipality is located in a valley to the left of the Möll and is drained by the Mallnitzbach and Seebach. It is nestled in the mountains in the Goldberg and the Ankogelgroup, the National Park Hohe Tauern belong. The municipality is bordered to the north by the state of Salzburg, situated at Mallnitz the southern entrance of the tunnel, the Tauern Railway.
At Mallnitz communities Flattach in the west, the east and Malta Obervellach borders in the south. A direct transport connection is, however, only on the Mallnitzer road (B 105) to Obervellach.
Community structure
The municipality is divided into the cadastral Mallnitz and dozing, which include the following four localities ( in parentheses population as of 31 October 2011):
- Dozing ( 24)
- Mallnitz ( 441 )
- Rabisch (29 )
- Stappitz (317 )
History
Due to its location in a high altitude valley in the Central Alps, the region around present-day Mallnitz was probably first settled earlier than the Bronze Age, around the time of a metal trade from the Salzburg area of the Tauern transitions in the south. Probably one of the leading trading routes including transitions to Mallnitzer ground, like the discovery of a bronze sword fragment in Obervellach suggests. The discovery of a Celtic silver coin on Mallnitzer Mountain demonstrates the presence of Celts, BC settled from the 3rd century in the region. From the Celtic period also saw the river name Möll (of molina, mountain stream ). However, a permanent settlement is also the time of the Romans, who established important navigable roads over Korntauern and Mallnitzer Mountain, and whose remains are still clearly legible in the field, not yet detectable.
About 600 immigrants coming from the south east Slavs along the old Roman roads in the Carinthian area and settled here. Today's toponym is derived from the early Slavic Mallnitz Malinica ( as "small Möll " to interpret ) from. Had the entire Moelltal yet to have a few smaller local spots in the early Middle Ages, so they began to make even higher altitude mountainous areas reclaimed from the 10th century through clearings. In Moelltal as well as in Mallnitztal Schwaigen were applied to livestock, so that one can speak of this time of a continuous settlement. Was first mentioned in 1299 in the land register of the front Mallnitz County of Gorizia; at that time included the present-day municipality to the district court Falkenstein, which should not change until the formation of the local church.
In the 12th and 13th centuries the Saumhandel climbed over the Tauern by leaps and bounds, of which the population benefited. A major role was played by the transport of salt, and later of so-called Welsh wine and the gold recovered in the Tauern.
In August 1825 visited the Vienna Alpinist and Hofkammerbeamte Kyselak Josef ( 1799-1831 ) in his Austria hike also Mallnitz. He was amazed that people permanently living on this altitude: Clover hung to Dörre on harps settled, rye and wheat was still immature at the field at the end of August! Maize formed small enclosures thereto; but of buckwheat, beans or potatoes I had not noticed anything. How many fates had to experience how so many try to forced him to the emergency, pull out laughing corridors in the huge angle of the Alps, and seeds, in Asienes zones native only to build for his maintenance in Siberia 's climate, man! Here seven months of winter, and the other five are divided into thaw and oppressive heat. I was shown three fathoms at the steeple a stroke, so high was the snow a few years ago; it must then necessarily the whole town invisible, and suffocation, freezing or Erhungern be close to the people.
In the formation of local churches in 1850 Mallnitz was initially a part of the greater community Obervellach, which should be reduced but by state law of 5 June 1895. Thus became independent, the three new local churches Penk, Flattach and Mallnitz. On March 30, 1896, the first municipal elections were conducted, a date which may be regarded as the actual birth of the autonomous municipality Mallnitz.
The construction of the tunnel, the Tauern Railway (1901 - 1907), the community took a big upswing. Commissioning is also seen as a trigger for the development of tourism in Mallnitztal.
Population
According to the 2001 census had Mallnitz 1027 inhabitants, of whom 88.7 % and 7.2% German Austrian citizen. 76.9 % of the population declared themselves with the Roman Catholic and 11.5 % for the Protestant Church, 1.6% to Islam. 6.7% of the population were without religious confession.
With the construction of the Tauern Railway and the railway station in Mallnitz many new jobs and tourism emerged was promoted. Thus, the population rose from 461 in 1900 to 1126 in the year 1951, but has since declined slightly again, at December 31, 2005 or 951 inhabitants, and on 1 January 2013 only 814 inhabitants.
Culture and sights
- Ankogel, 3,252 m. The Ankogelbahn into two sections to a height of 2,637 m. An alternative would be to the scenic climb from the valley station ( 1,300 m), which is to cope up the mountain station at 3 to 3 ½ hours. From there, a marked high alpine climbing with some very challenging, steep sections leading up to the summit of Ankogel. One possibility for the descent also offers the highlighted route on the Kleinhapscharte, the Pleschischg and the Seebach valley, which is, however, significantly longer and takes several hours.
- Säuleck relatively easy to erklimmender peak with an altitude of 3,086 m.
- BIOS National Park Center: Visitor information center for the National Park Hohe Tauern, permanent exhibition " What is life? " And special exhibitions 2008 " In the Realm of the Golden Eagle " and " Tauerngold ".
- Medical Climatic health resort: Mallnitz may the certified title ' Medical Climatic health resort ' lead ( in Austria ). He is one of the few places in Austria. The Alpine bracing climate helps in many diseases of the respiratory tract. But there are marked trails to nearly 25 km length of planar impluvi up on mountain routes to the three-thousand meter peaks around the small mountain village.
Traffic
Mallnitz is the highest railway station in the Tauern route that connects North and South. All intercity trains (IC ) stop in Mallnitz. Mallnitz is loading station Autoschleuse ÖBB through the 8.37 km long Tauern. Here has been around for about 90 years, the possibility of the car train between Bockstein in the Gastein Valley and Mallnitz - Obervellach in Moelltal.
By Mallnitztal the Mallnitzer road also leads (B 105) to Obervellach. To Mallnitz is offered by Herbert Peitler transport companies a hiking and ski bus and a bus route to Obervellach.
Policy
City Council and Mayor
The local council of Mallnitz has 15 members and has been committed to the local council elections in 2009 were as follows: 9 GFM, 5 SPÖ, 1 Green
Directly elected mayor since 2009, Günter Novak ( SPÖ).
Twinning
- Witten (North Rhine -Westphalia, Germany ), since 1979
Coat of arms
In the coat of arms of Mallnitz, which was awarded the municipality on 26 January 1981, symbolizes the stepped rocks the main ridge of the Hohe Tauern with the Ankogel in which the Tauern tunnel is indicated below. The former gold mining in the Tauern is indicated by the tincture, the rock crystal is playing on its rich local deposits of.
The coat of arms has the following blazon: " pierced Azure, a twice stepped rocks, in the sign of a black-blue open walled tunnel mouth, beseitet top right corner of a silver three times rock crystal. " The flag is blue and yellow with integrated crest.