Mycena sanguinolenta
Purple Dashing blood Mycena ( Mycena sanguinolenta )
The purple -edged blood Mycena ( Mycena sanguinolenta ) is a species of fungus in the family Mycenaceae. He has a brown to greyish and more or less wine reddish toned hat as well as white to gray fins with reddish brown edges. Cancels the stem emerges from a red-brown and watery juice. The very common and widespread helmet Ling displays FROM Mai until October deciduous and coniferous forests and heaths and moors in on rotten wood or needle litter. The purple -edged blood - helmet Ling is not edible mushroom.
- 5.1 Infra -genetic systematics
- 6.1 edibility
- 6.2 ingredients
- 7.1 Notes and references
Features
Macroscopic characteristics
The hat is 5-18 mm wide, campanulate - convex to expanded and flattened at the age, the edge can sometimes be slightly bent. The Hutmitte often has a flat hump or a small papilla. From the edge to the apex of the slats show through as clear grooving. The matte hat skin is tinted cream ochraceous and slightly pink or reddish-brown to purplish - brown colored. Often, the hat has a darker, reddish brown center, dark brown to pink beige center and towards the edges a light brown to brownish- purple color.
The ascending lamellae are attached at the stem narrow or run with a short tooth down to it. 13-17 lamellae reach the stem. They are dirty white to pale gray, while the smooth cutting blades are reddish-brown to wine red. The spore powder is whitish.
The 3-8 cm long and up to 2 mm thin stalk is very brittle and more or less cylindrical. The inside is hollow, glabrous outside and gray-pink, wine red to purplish - brown colored. Younger fruiting bodies but on sites of injury an aqueous, wine-red to brownish- pink juice from. The sometimes slightly broadened base stem is densely covered with white striegelig, protruding fibers.
The meat is thin and gray pink. It smells and tastes may slightly radish, but is usually almost odorless.
Microscopic characteristics
The apple core-shaped spores are 8-10 microns long and 5.5-6 microns wide. They are smooth and amyloid. The club-shaped and 4- sporigen basidia measure 27-35 x 8-10 microns. The cheilocystidia are 27-55 microns long and 6.5-10 microns wide, forming a sterile band on the cutting blades. They are spindle- shaped, smooth and have a reddish brown. To top it narrow neck -like, have occasionally two necks or gross, lateral excrescences. If available the pleurocystidia are quite similar in shape. The lamellae is dextrinoid, so discolored by adding Jodreagenzien wine red.
The hyphae of the hat skin are 2-4.5 microns wide and have something simple to branched outgrowths ( 15.2 x 1.5-2 microns ), which can form a dense mass. The hyphae of the stem bark measure 1-3.5 microns in width and show sparse simple to forked, cylindrical outgrowths ( 1.5-4.5 × 1-2 microns ). The Caulozystiden ( 18-55 × 5.5-9 microns ) are similar to the cheilocystidia. Buckles compounds are present.
Artabgrenzung
The species is characterized by the wine reddish toned hat, the white to gray fins with the red-brown edge and the red-brown, watery milk that may leak from both the hat and from the stem when the fruit body is cut ( especially at the lamella and at the brim ). The similar Large blood - Mycena ( Mycena haematopus ) is larger and grows in tufts on rotten wood. An examination of dry material so that especially the sharply pointed Cheilocystidia are a useful feature determination.
Ecology
The purple -edged blood - helmet Ling lives saprobiontisch on humus, dead wood and other plant residues between grass and moss. It is found on fallen twigs and moss-covered deciduous and coniferous trees trunks and in the needle litter. The fruiting bodies appear most gregarious Mai until October deciduous and coniferous forest. In mild wet weather you can find the helmet Ling early as mid- April and until early January.
Dissemination
The purple -edged blood - helmet Ling is widespread in Australia and around the northern hemisphere. The helmet Ling was in Northern Asia ( the Caucasus, Siberia, Kamchatka, Korea, Japan, China), North America (USA, Canada), as demonstrated in the Canary Islands and in North Africa. The distribution is meridionally to boreal, ranging from the warm Mediterranean to the cool coniferous forest regions. In North America it is common and widespread, coming from Maine to Washington and to the south from North Carolina to California before. In the north of its range from Nova Scotia to British Columbia sufficient ( Canada). In Europe, the helmet Ling happens to Romania in the south of Spain. It is widely used in Western Europe, Central Europe and in the whole of Fennoscandia. The northern limit of its distribution area reaches up to 70 degrees latitude.
In Germany and Austria, the species is consistently tight spreads and often.
System
The helmet Ling was described by Johannes Baptista von Albertini sanguinolentus as Agaricus. 1871 introduced him to the mycologist Paul Kummer in the genus Mycena, so he got his today valid name. The Artattribut ( epithet ) is derived from the Latin word sanguinolentus and means " bloody ".
Infra -genetic systematics
The purple blood Dashing helmet Ling is provided by M. Geesteranus in the section Sanguinolentae. When the representatives of the section of the stem separates when it is carved from an orange -brown to reddish milk and the fruit body not blacken in drying.
Molecular phylogenetic analyzes show of various European Mycena species, the purple -edged blood - helmet Ling closely with the white milk ends Mycena (M. galopus ) is related. Also the Rosablättriger Mycena galericulata M. M. and the Great Blood helmet Ling (M. haematopus ) belong to the phylogenetically closely related species.
Importance
Feed value
Although the helmet Ling is probably edible, but hardly worth collecting.
Ingredients
The fruiting bodies of the purple -edged blood - helmet Ling contain blue Alkaloidpigmente Sanguinon A and B, which have been recorded only in this type, as well as red-colored alkaloid Sanguinolentaquinon. The Sangui None are chemically related to Mycenarubin -A of the Pink Radish helmet Ling and with the Discorhabinen which are formed by different marine sponges. Although the function of Sangui None is not yet known, it was assumed that, in addition to their contribution to Hutfärbung also play an ecological role, as little mushroom -eating animals are found on the fruiting body. If the fungus is grown in pure culture in the laboratory, he produced the antifungal Hydroxystrobilurin -D. In addition, the purple -edged blood - helmet Ling is one of over 30 Mycena species with bioluminescence.