Nomocharis aperta
Nomocharis aperta in Yunnan, China
Nomocharis aperta is a flowering plant in the genus Nomocharis. It is endemic in the border region between the People's Republic of China and Myanmar.
- 2.1 dissemination
- 2.2 habitats
- 3.1 systematics
- 5.1 Literature
- 5.2 Notes and references
Features
Nomocharis aperta is a perennial, herbaceous plant. It reaches heights of growth between 25 and 50 centimeters. The DNA of the species is 2n = 24 chromosomes distributed. The seed germination takes place above ground ( epigeal ).
Onion
Like all species of the genus Nomocharis also Nomocharis aperta lives geophytisch and forms underground bulbs from. These are egg-shaped and are between 1.5 and 2.5 inches high and measure 1 to 2 inches. They are yellowish white and stain brown when dried. The bulbs are constructed as in Nomocharis typical of oval - lanceolate onion flakes. The roots are adventitious roots that arise in large part from the Onion, but sometimes also directly from the stem axis.
The shoot axis is erect and hairless and in the lower quarter without leaves. The leaf arrangement is alternate. The leaf shape is wide or narrow lanceolate. The blades are about 0.8 to 1.2 inches wide and from 3 to 5.5 inches long. The leaf blade is sharpened at the top.
Flowers and Fruit
The plant flowers from June to July with one or two six-fold (in very rare cases, up to four ) flowers. The perianth is umbrella -shaped and red, pink or pale yellow. The outer three tepals are narrowly lanceolate and 2.2 to 4.5 inches long and 1.2 to 1.5 inches wide. They are entire, with 3-8 purple - brown spots at the base. The three inner tepals are ovate to broadly ovate and 2.2 to 4.3 inches long and 1.3 to 1.6 inches wide. The tip is sharpened and each perianth is decorated at the base with a few to a dozen purple - red spots.
The stamens are commended shaped and about 1 centimeter long. The ovary measuring 5-7 mm in length and to 2 to 2,25 mm in diameter. The stylus tapers toward the tip and is approximately twice as long as the ovary (between 1 and 1.2 inches ). The scar is little head -shaped and superficial three-lobed. The nectaries are two fleshy cushion-like cell clusters. Rarely only one nectary is formed or juice glands absent. The pollen has a double row - grooved surface.
Fruit ripening is completed between the beginning of September and October. The elongated fruit capsules are pale brown or greenish. They are between 1 and 2.5 inches long and 1.2 to 2 inches wide.
Distribution and habitats
Dissemination
Nomocharis aperta is like all the species in a small area endemic. Populations of the species are found in the border region between the Chinese provinces of Yunnan, Sichuan and Tibet Autonomous Region and the State of Myanmar.
In Yunnan the distribution area over the northwest of the province dates back to the Cangshan Mountains in the northwest of the urban area of Dali. In Sichuan, it includes the autonomous district of Muli. In the Tibet Autonomous Region, the species is only sporadically along the border with Yunnan. In Myanmar, the range extends in a westerly direction up to 97 ° 13 'East.
The distribution area extends about 480 km in the west-east direction and less in the north-south extent. This makes it the largest natural range of a Nomocharis type.
Habitats
Nomocharis aperta preferably grows in deciduous forests, bamboo thickets or forest meadows on slopes. It is found at altitudes 3000-3900 meters sea level.
Botanical history
Nomocharis aperta was first described in 1898 by Adrien René Franchet apertum as Lilium. Probably the type specimen had previously been collected by Pierre Jean Marie Delavay in Yunnan, who sent it Franchet. Franchet ordered the plant in the genus of lilies ( Lilium). In 1925, Ernest Henry Wilson introduced the species in the genus Nomocharis.
Isaac Bayley Balfour in 1918 Nomocharis had described forrestii. Wilson introduced in 1925, however, found that this is the same kind Nomocharis aperta.
System
The species is highly variable and has been collected several times. Joseph Francis Rock of plants collected in Yunnan 1922-1949, found a copy without nectaries. Also, the plant collector McLaren and plant hunter Frank Kingdon -Ward collected unusual specimens. The variability of the species makes a classification difficult.
It is clear that the closest related species Nomocharis saluenensis which differs mainly by the shape of the stylus of Nomocharis aperta.
Culture
Nomocharis aperta is probably the easiest to cultivate Nomocharis - type at all. She first came to Europe by George Forrest and blossomed in 1929 at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh on this continent. In North America and New Zealand it has also been cultivated successfully in 1936 and honored with the Award of Merit.
Swell
The information in this article come from, if not otherwise indicated, the sources referred to under literature: