Northern Railway (Russia)

The Severnaya schelesnaja doroga (Russian Северная железная дорога, literally " Northern Railway ") is a railway operationally independent branch of the Russian State Railways ( RŽD ) with a nearly 6,000 -kilometer route network in the North East of the European part of Russia. The administrative headquarters of the company is located in Yaroslavl, operated by the Severnaya schelesnaja doroga routes are distributed to the oblasts of Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Ivanovo, Vologda and Arkhangelsk and the Komi Republic.

History

The commencement date of the Russian Northern Railway can be assumed in 1859 the year when it was started with the construction of the railway line from Moscow to the 75 km northeast of it, the monastery city of Sergiev Posad by the former private company of the Moscow - Yaroslavl railway. This first route, which today belongs to the network of the Moscow Railway, went into operation in 1862, making it one of the oldest railway lines in Russia. In September 1868, then finished with the route Ivanovo- Shuja the oldest route from the present network of Northern Railway, one and a half years later they extended the railway line from Moscow to Sergiev Posad further northeast to Yaroslavl. From the Moscow - Yaroslavl route, which is a stretch of the Trans-Siberian Railway today, the section between Rostov and Yaroslavl belongs to Northern Railway.

By the end of the 19th century, at the time, as asserted itself in the Russian Empire, the railway construction more and more, created more lines of today's Northern Railway, so among other things in 1887 by Yaroslavl on Nerechta to Kostroma and 1897 a narrow- gauge line (which until 1916 converted to standard gauge was ) from Vologda to Arkhangelsk. Received by the year 1907, when the railway network of the Russian North, now owned by the state, the uniform designation Northern Railway, it has been expanded to almost 2000 km total length.

In the early Soviet period, the route network was extended period further expanded despite its enormous importance as for the transport of persons and goods during the Russian Civil War. The first major expansion there was only in 1942 with the commissioning of the first section of the Nordpetschora Railway, with the first areas were north of the Arctic Circle linked to the Soviet railway network.

Since the 1920s and especially in the post-war period a number of routes of the Northern Railway was electrified.

Current operation

The Severnaya schelesnaja doroga is divided into five regional divisions ( Archangel, Yaroslavl, Solvychegodsk, Sosnogorsk and Vologda ), which include a route network of around 5960 km in length. In the year 2008 54.452 persons were employed by the Northern Railway, carried around 9.4 million people in long-distance traffic, 19.2 million passengers in mass transit, and 69.2 million tons of cargo in freight transport.