Sverdlovsk Railway
The Sverdlovskaya schelesnaja doroga (Russian Свердловская железная дорога to German " Sverdlovsk Railway ") is a railway operationally independent branch or regional office of the Russian State Railways ( RŽD ). The name derives from the branch is the metropolis of Yekaterinburg, which was called from 1924 to 1991 Sverdlovsk and where is the administrative headquarters of the Directorate.
General
The Sverdlovsk Railway operates a total of 9306 km long railway network, whose catchment area extends over several subjects of Russia in the area of northern and central Urals. In particular, the entire rail network of the oblasts Sverdlovsk and Tyumen is managed ( including the two autonomous counties of the Khanty -Mansi and Yamal -Nenets ) and the Perm region, individual routes of the Sverdlovsk Railway rich addition to the republic of Udmurtia and the Omsk Oblast. In the West, the Sverdlovsk railway network in the twinkling Gorkier Regional Directorate follows, on the south by the Southern Urals and on the east by the West -Siberian Railway. In the north the Sverdlovsk network sometimes reaches beyond the Arctic Circle, the completed portion of the Arctic Circle railway according to Novy Urengoy.
The Sverdlovsk Directorate is divided into five regional divisions ( Sverdlovsk, Perm, Tyumen, Nizhny Tagil and Surgut ). In 2008, the tracks of the Directorate carried 11.66 million passengers over long distances and 41.88 million in local traffic. In a total of 133.3 million tons of freight were transported. The number of employees of the Directorate was just under 70,000 people. The infrastructure of the rail network includes a total of 47 main stations and 418 stations and stops.
History
The first plans for the construction of a railway line in the Russian Ural region there were in the 1860s, when the region was already heavily influenced industrial ( partly thanks to the Demidowschen iron foundries ). The final project of the first route was completed in 1872, and after several years of preparation and construction, finally, the 700 km long distance Perm was on 14 October 1878 - Nizhny Tagil - Yekaterinburg put into operation. Other important extensions followed in 1885 with the completion of the line Yekaterinburg - Tyumen, 1896 with the track Yekaterinburg - Chelyabinsk and 1913 with the connection Tyumen - Omsk.
From 1900 was the company that operates the Urals railway tracks Perm. After the October Revolution of 1917, all tracks of the former Russian Empire were nationalized, and in the power of the Perm Railway the other existing networks of the North and Westurals were incorporated. The length of the route network was with the level of 1920, a total almost 4000 km. From 1939 to 1953, the current catchment area of the Sverdlovsk railway from the Perm Railway with headquarters Perm and Kaganovich train consisted ( Sverdlovsk railway since 1943 ) with the administrative center of Sverdlovsk. 1953 these two directorates were merged to Sverdlovsk Railway, which was a regional department of the Soviet Railways until 1992.
During the industrialization of the Soviet Union in the 1930s and 1940s arose in today's Sverdlovsk web many industrially used branches that connect to the railway network, especially large enterprises. These smaller freight lines are characteristic for the network to this day.