Sudetes

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Śnieżka - the highest peak in the Sudetes

The Sudetes (Polish Sudetes, tschech. Krkonossko - Jesenická subprovincie, Krkonossko - Jesenická soustava or more rarely Sudetes ) are a long mountain range between Silesia and Bohemia and connect the Erzgebirge with the Carpathians. They run mostly in the Czech- Polish border area and form the north-eastern framing of the Bohemian basin between the Zittau Basin and the Moravian Gate.

The Sudeten divided into several massifs, of which the giant and the Eagle Mountains are the most prominent. The entire mountain range is 310 km long and 30-50 km wide. Its highest point is the snow Koppe in the Giant Mountains 1602 meters above sea level. NN.

Structure

The Sudeten be divided into three main sections ( Western, Central and Jeseníky Mountains ), which in turn are further divided into sub-units (see drawing and table below ).

• The Western Sudetes are the western part of the mountain range and belong to Germany, Czech Republic and Poland. The highest point - at the same time the entire Sudetenbogens - the Snow Mountain 1602 m.

• The Mittelsudeten are the part of the mountains around the city Wałbrzych ( Waldenburg ) in Poland. Significant coal reserves are found in the Waldburger highlands and in the Owl Mountains. The highest elevation is the Desch Neyer United Koppe in the Eagle Mountains with 1115 meters.

• The innersudetische sink is interwoven with the Mittelsudeten. His Edge Mountains are the Waldburger and Table Mountains, the Eagle, Habelschwerdter and Śnieżnik Mountains and in the Jeseníky Mountains the Reichensteiner and Owl Mountains.

• The Jeseníky Mountains (also dies, Czech: Jeseníky ) are part of the mountains in Silesia and Moravia- Silesia, Czech Republic. The highest elevation is the Altvater ( Czech Praděd pronunciation: [ praɟɛt ], Polish Pradziad ) 1492 meters.

Between the mountain ranges are various boiler landscapes; For example, the Jelenia Góra valley and the Glatzer boiler.

The High Sudeten ( Czech Vysoke Sudetes, Polish Sudetes Vysokie ) is the collective name for the Giant Mountains, Śnieżnik Mountains and High dies ( Altvatergebirge ).

Characteristics

In valleys mixed forest predominates. From 600 m there is spruce forest. From 1200 meters ( timberline ) Serviced operated, occasionally there are fells.

The rainy Sudetes are a significant watershed. Important source rivers are the Elbe ( Labe ) and the Oder (Odra ). The north is drained by the Oder to the Baltic Sea, south of the river to the North Sea and the South East over the March ( Morava ) to the Danube ( Dunaj ) into the Black Sea. Snow-covered winter are the basis for a major winter sports area (especially the Giant Mountains). Hiking and recreational tourism are important areas. Traditional economic activities are the weaving, glass making, paper industry and textile industry.

History of the term

The name of the label was Sudeten Soudeta ore ( German wild boar mountains ) derived which used the Greek geographer Claudius Ptolemy in the year 150 for today's northern Czech mountains.

After the Sudetenland was 1918-1938, the German minority in Czechoslovakia, the Sudeten Germans, named. Their settlement area was called the Sudetenland, but included not only the territory of the Sudetenland, but the entire border region of Czechoslovakia to the German Empire and Austria.

After the Second World War was avoided in Czechoslovakia the term Sudetes and spoke rather of the Krkonossko - Jesenická subprovincie (about Giant Mountains range - Altvatergebirge ) to bypass a sonic close of the term to the Sudeten German minority.

In the field of earth sciences, the term " Sudeten", usually in combinations of words, a common terminus. As a well-known examples the northern structural unit of the Bohemian Massif, which is called západosudetská oblast ( Westsudetische zone) or the Westsudetische Island ( ostrov západosudetský ) apply. The západosudetská oblast, a regional geological section includes the giant and the Jizera Mountains and parts of Lusatia. For lithofacies units Permian age in the foothills of the mountain ranges, the term sudetské Mladší Paleozoic ( Sudetisches Late Paleozoic ) is continuous. Another geological structural unit of prominent importance is the Innersudetisches Basin ( Czech vnitrosudetská pánev; Polish Niecka śródsudecka ). Other uses for special purposes are common ( sudetské Faze / Sudetische phase [ of the Variscides ] ). The use of the term " Sudeten" is in technical language Czech geoscientists in continuity and in this respect the country's borders recognized state of the science.