Vall de BoÃ
La Vall de Boi is a municipality in a narrow, steep valley in the province of Lleida the Autonomous Community of Catalonia in Spain. Consisting of several hamlets municipality is located in the northeastern corner of the comarca of Alta Ribagorça on the edge of the Pyrenees and is the largest area in the area. The main town is Barruera, who gave the name to 1996 the entire community. The valley of the same name flows through the river Noguera de Tor.
The valley is best known for his nine Early Romanesque churches, which - apart from ancient cities such as Rome and Cologne - makes it the area with the highest density of Romanesque churches in Europe. It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site on 30 November 2000. The valley also contains the highest ski resort in the Pyrenees near Boi Taüll and is bordered to the northeast by the National Park Aigüestortes de Sant Maurici.
History
The Moorish conquest of Spain did not reach the high mountain valleys of the Pyrenees. The first Christian counties were founded in the 9th century, the Frankish feudal lords gave her little attention. The population was largely Basque. The valley was only in Tolosa, which was later united with the county Ribagorza. In the 11th century, the valley fell into the hands of the county Pallars before it was annexed in the 12th century of Aragon. As a result of its strategic position, the valley has many castles, though usually in poor condition.
Churches
Although the valley in the Middle Ages had a relatively low population density, allowed large amounts of silver to the local lords to support the Catalan campaign to regain Barbastro and Zaragoza. A large part of the wealth was spent on the construction of churches from the 11th to the 12th century, built in the new style of architecture that originated from Lombardy. The churches are characterized by elaborate stone carvings and elegant spiers. Wall paintings from the churches are kept in Barcelona at the Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya ( MNAC ).
UNESCO World Heritage Site
* This name is listed on the World Heritage List. ª The region is classified by UNESCO.
Many of the churches have been used for their consecration in the 11th and 12th centuries consistently for worship. Nine of these churches were added to the UNESCO World Heritage Sites, namely: Sant Climent and Santa Maria in Taüll, Sant Feliu in Barruera, Sant Joan in Boi, Santa Eulalia in Erill la Vall, Santa Maria de l' Assumpció de Coll, Santa Maria de Cardet, la de la Mare de Deu Nativitat in Durro, and the hermitage of Sant Quirc near Durros. The valley also includes a number of ruins of other Romanesque church building, including: Sant Llorenç in Sarai and Santa Martí in Taüll, and the hermitages of Sant Cristòfol Erill, Sant Quirc in Taüll, of Sant Salvador in Barruera and Sant Pere Boi.
Sant Climent de Taüll
The church of Sant Climent de Taüll was consecrated on December 10, 1123 by Bishop Raymond of Roda. It lies on a gentle slope on the road from Taüll by Boi. It is the largest and best preserved church of the Vall de Boi. Likewise, it is the architecturally outstanding. The Romanesque church is designed with three aisles. Each vessel is separated by an arcade of columns, ending in a semicircular apse. It is still owned by its original double- pitched roof. In the south-east of the main building is a six-storey bell tower with arched windows on each floor. The building is made with decorative elements fitted granite blocks and Bimssteinfenstern. The facade is provided with friezes and pillars. The image of Christ as Majestas Domini from the main apse of the church, is now in the MNAC (Barcelona). It is considered one of the masterpieces of Romanesque and is attributed to the so-called Master of Tahull.
Santa Maria de Taüll
→ Main article: Santa Maria de Taüll
The church of Santa Maria is in Taüll and was ordained on December 11, 1123, one day after San Climent. It was built as three, ending in an apse ships. The bell tower rises from the southeast to ship. The quality of the stone carvings are worse than those of the rest of the church. Thus, the tower could have been built earlier and the later church around it. The church was renovated in the 18th century from the ground up and added a dome. Your frescoes were removed in 1918 and transferred to the MNAC. Many modifications of the 18th century were removed in the 1970s, including the dome.
Sant Feliu de Barruera
The church of Sant Feliu is located slightly north of Barruera. The village is situated at a strategic point where the valley widens and was associated in the Middle Ages with a nearby, now-vanished abbey. The church has a nave ( originally three ), a barrel vault and a semicircular apse. It has a rectangular apse and transept with a square chapel to the south. A simple, undecorated tower stands on the southeast corner of the church. It was renovated in the 16th century, with two Gothic chapels were added to the nave and a Gothic west facade also.
Sant Joan de Boi
The church of Sant Joan is located at the entrance of Boi, which gives the valley its name. The original wooden roof was replaced by a stone. The bell tower rises south of the southern nave. The church was renovated in the 18th century, however, many of these changes were reversed in the 1960s. Your murals were in 1919 transferred to the MNAC.
Santa Eulalia d' Erill la Vall
The church of Santa Eulalia d' Erill la Vall has a single, long nave with a triple apse at the east end and an opening to a paved walkway entrance at the north end. A wooden roof has replaced the original barrel vault. The north stand, six-storey bell tower reaches a height of 23 meters.
Santa Maria de l' Assumpció de Coll
The church of Santa Maria de l' Assumpció de Coll is located outside the village of Coll. It has a simple nave with apse and barrel vault and later Gothic additions. A side chapel in the north and a newer, gothic, two-story bell tower in the south result in a cross-shaped floor plan. The interior is lit by openings on the east and west ends. The entrance is in the west. The tower is in poor condition.
Santa Maria de Cardet
The church of Santa Maria is located on a rocky promontory at the entrance of the valley. The church is located on a hillside on the eastern corner of the village Cardet. It has a single nave with apse and crypt under this lying ( as the reason at this point drops sharply ). A vestry was added in the southeast of the ship, a chapel on the north facade. The exterior contains elements from the 11th century and of renovations from the 12th, 13th, 17th and 18th centuries. The interior is in Baroque style later renovations.
Nativitat de la Mare de Deu de Durro
The village is situated on 1386 meters height Durro on the south side of a mountain. The church has a single, narrow boat with barrel vaults and slate roof. It was built with an apse, which is now replaced by a sacristy. Two square chapels were built into the north wall. The five-storey bell tower at its northeast corner. The entrance is on the south wall, at the end of a paved footpath. The building has been renovated since its construction in the 12th century and often extended so that little remains of its original structure. The church was restored in 1983, the tower in 1994.
L' ermita de Sant Quirc de Durro
The small hermitage of Sant Quirc is located on a ledge near Durro. She has a small ship with an apse, as well as an entrance to the south. A low belfry stands at its western end. The roof, accessible from the outside, was probably used as a granary.
Castles
- Castell de Boi
- Castell de Durro
- Castell de Barruera
- Castell de Cardet
- Castell de Grau de Castelló
- Castell de Castelló de Tor
- Castell de suert
- Castell d' Erill
Twinning
- Montanera Italy (Italy ), since 2005