Caraga
Caraga or Region XIII is a Filipino region in the northeast of the island of Mindanao.
The Caraga Region consists of the following five provinces: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Dinagat Islands, Surigao del Norte and Surigao del Sur. The five largest cities are Butuan City, Surigao City, Bislig City, Tandag City and Cabadbaran City.
The administrative center is located in Butuan City.
Geography
The Caraga Region is located in the northeast of Mindanao. In the north it is bounded by the Mindanaosee and in the south by the provinces of Davao del Norte, Compostela Valley and Davao Oriental of Region XI. In the west, the provinces of Bukidnon and Misamis Oriental are the region X and to the east is the Philippine Sea, which is part of the Pacific Ocean.
The region has a total area of 21,478 km ². These are 6.3% of the total land area of the Philippines and 22.7 % of the island of Mindanao. The largest province of Agusan del Sur, which occupies 47.6% of the region alone.
The largest part of Caraga is forested ( 71.22 %). The region consists essentially of a low mountain range ( Diwataberge ) and extensive plains. The Diwataberge separate the Agusan - Surigao by the provinces and are - after a set up there in Claver Obelisk - the largest iron ore deposits in the world. The largest agribusiness land located along the basin of the Agusan River. The Agusan Marsh, a large and well-known wetland in the southern Philippines, located in the center of the province of Agusan del Sur.
From the lakes of Mainit Lake is the largest in this region. In total there are eight towns on its banks: Alegria, Tubod, Mainit and Sison the province of Surigao del Norte and Tubay, Santiago, Jabonga and Kitcharao from the province of Agusan del Norte.
Demography and language
Based on the census of 2000 has a population of 2,095,367 people in the region. The average growth rate over the last five years is 1.63 %, one of the lowest of the entire island state. The population in 2010 was 2.41 million people.
Of the four provinces of Agusan del Sur has the highest population with 559 294 and Surigao del Norte, the lowest with 481 416 people. Butuan City with 267 279 inhabitants, the largest city in the region.
In earlier times, many immigrants came from the central country of Asia. They were followed by Malays, Arabs, Chinese, Japanese, Spanish and Americans. During the 20th century, immigrants increasingly came from the Visayas and from the areas of Luzon. Most of these immigrants used the language Cebuano and settled in the rural areas.
Cebuano is now spoken by 43.79 % of residents. Other dialects are Butuanon that is used by 31.9 % of the population, Surigaonon with a share of 25.21%, with 7.06% Kamayo, Boholanon with 5.87%, 4.73% and Manobo with Hiligaynon 2, 87 %.
Surigaonon is mainly spoken in the province of Surigao del Norte and Agusan del Norte of some parts, especially here in the villages at the Mainit Lake. Surigaonon is related to the indigenous languages Butuanon and the Tausug dialects.
The dominant religion is Roman Catholic, which belong 1,397,343 or 79 % of the population of Caraga. Take the largest share of local ethnic and religious groups, with 294 284 or 43.55 %, the Manobos one. Other widespread ethnic groups are the Kamayo, the Higa - onon, the Banwaon that Umayamnon and Mamanwa.
Economy
The Agriculture, fisheries and timber industry are Caragas largest industries.
In agriculture crops such as banana, coconut, mango, calamansi, rubber, oil palm, wheat and rice are mainly grown. In addition, the livestock and poultry are other agro- economic factors of the region.
Along the long coastal areas of Mindanaosee in the north and northwest, and the Philippine Sea to the northeast fishing is a major source of income of the residents. Here, as also flows through from the Agusan River, large parts of the region, and the Lake Mainit, shrimp, crabs, milkfish and seaweed are caught or harvested.
As authoritative branches of domestic industry, the wood processing and mining are mentioned. The region is rich in natural resources. She has large areas of high-yielding and fertile land and is known for its timber industry, its extensive water resources and its rich mineral deposits such as iron, gold, silver, nickel, chromite, manganese and copper.
The vast coastal sections, in particular the province of Dinagat Islands, and the mountain ranges around the mountain Hilong - Hilong make the region interesting for tourism. Hiking, mountain biking, scuba diving, or tours on the Agusan River are among the offerings of tourism. Interesting addition to the beaches, coral reefs and the mountains as well as various caves, hot and cold springs, evergreen forests, many historical sites and the pleasant weather in this region.
Administrative divisions
Caraga is political in five provinces and a province -level city, Butuan City, subdivided. Overall, the region includes 70 independent communities to managed.
These in turn are divided into a total of 1,310 barangays ( districts ). The region consists of 7 districts Congress.
Cities
History
The history of Caraga can be traced back to the 4th century. When the researchers the existence of " Kalagans ", an ethnic group of the area discovered, they believed that these were from the Visayas ago. Therefore, the word Caraga is derived from the word Kalagan from the Cebuano language. The syllable Kalag means doing as much as soul or people and means to the country. The Kalagans have a long history and are considered brave and fearless. Therefore, the region is also referred to by the first chroniclers as the "land of the brave and fearless man."
1976, in Butuan City in Libertad district 600 year old remains of Balangay, large oceangoing boats, found. After further archaeological excavations in Butuan also the outlines of a pre-colonial port facility, skeletons and valuable grave goods have been found that seem to confirm the assumption that Butuan is the oldest fortified settlement in the Philippines and can be traced back to the early Middle Ages.
The " Kalagans ", called by the Spaniards " Caragans " settled the present-day provinces of Surigao del Norte and Surigao del Sur, the northern part of Davao Oriental and the eastern Misamis Oriental.
As of 1597, Jesuit missionaries tried the people of Butuan ( today's Surigao provinces ) to convert ( the territory of the present provinces of Agusan ) and Caraga to Christianity, but with weak and only short-term success. They were followed in 1622 the Augustinians who established parishes in Tandag and Bislig in 1642. The Order kept its presence in the area until 1875, then took over the Benedictine monks 1893-1908 Christian work in the district.
The original district of Caraga was formed in 1609 and included the present provinces of Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, Davao Oriental and the north of the eastern part of Misamis Oriental, Agusan del Norte and Agusan del Sur.
1860 six military districts were established by the Spanish colonial government in Mindanao. Surigao and Agusan, including areas between Butuan and the Bay of Caraga, were set up along the third district called Ostdistrikt and were transformed to 1870 for Distrito de Surigao.
Towards the end of Spanish rule in 1898, the two present-day Agusan provinces were organized into a single politico-military commander by the name of Butuan and subordinate to the administrative jurisdiction of Surigao.
In 1901, this commander was a subdivided province of Surigao and Agusan in 1907 was appointed as an independent province.
At this time, Butuan was only a village of the province of Agusan. The flight of the timber industry saw in the 1950s that the trade and commerce in the area found its way. On August 2, 1950 Butuan was levied with effect of Republic Act No. 523 became the first site of the present-day district of Caraga in the status of a notarized city.
On June 19, 1960 Surigao was divided by the Republic Act No 2766 in a northern province, Surigao del Norte, and a southern, Surigao del Sur. In June 1967, the division of the province of Agusan into Agusan del Norte and new provinces of Agusan del Sur was followed.
As far last chapter in the history of Caraga Dinagat Islands Surigao 2006 del Norte was on December 2, split and got the status of a new, autonomous province awarded.
Climate
The climate of the Caraga region is classified as a Type II climate and is characterized by no pronounced rainy or dry season. The months of November to March, according to the weather records the wettest of the year, with 18 to 25 rainy days per month.
The provinces of Surigao del Sur and Surigao del Norte are susceptible to stronger winds and their weather is temporarily influenced by the north-west monsoons.
The minimum and maximum temperatures are between 22.4 ° C and 32.4 ° C.
Universities
- Bukidnon State University
- Philippine Normal University
- Surigao del Sur State University
- University of Southeastern Philippines
Attractions
- Archeological site Butuan City
- The Britania Island group
- The Mt Hilong Hilong
- The Mt Mabaho
- The Lake Mainit
- The Trinos Beach Resort
- The Magellan time, the place where Magellan is said to have held on April 8, 1521 his first in the Philippines.
- The Cabadbaran Museum
- The Anitapan cases
- The Amontay Canyon
- The Gibong River
- The Binaba cases near Prosperidad
- The Bega Falls near Prosperidad
- The Tugonan cases near Prosperidad
- Wetlands of Agusan ( Agusan Marsh )
- The Mt Magdiwata in San Francisco
- The Mt Diwata hot & cold springs
- The Cathedral in Tandag
- The church of San Agustin
- The Kaliguan Festival
- The beach of General Luna Beach
- The Magpupungko Rock Formation
- The Bababu Lake in Basilisa
- The Biyabid Falls in Sison
- The island Alingkakajaw
- The Mini - Dam Park in San Jose
- The Cabadbaran -Santiago Watershed Forest Reserve
- The Islands Protected Landscape and Seascape Siargao