Dan Shechtman
Daniel " Dan " Shechtman (also Schechtman; Hebrew דן שכטמן; born January 24, 1941 in Tel Aviv, then the League of Nations Mandate for Palestine ) is an Israeli physicist. 2011 Nobel Prize in Chemistry he was awarded for the discovery of quasicrystals. He is running for the office of the Israeli President.
Life
Dan Shechtman was born in 1941 in Tel Aviv and grew up initially in Ramat Gan, then in Petah Tikva, a few kilometers east of Tel Aviv.
His grandparents were during the Second Aliyah (1903 - 1914) immigrated to Palestine, where they had established a printing company. The effect of a book, it is thanks to them that Dan Shechtman turned to the science and not the printing industry. As a child he devoured Jules Verne's book " The Mysterious Island " countless times and his childhood dream was to become an engineer as Cyrus Smith, the hero of the novel. " I thought did was the best thing a person Could DO. The engineer in the book knows mechanics and physics, and he Creates a whole way of life on the Iceland out of nothing. I wanted to be like that. " ( " I thought that would be the best thing anyone could ever do. Engineer in this book is familiar with mechanics and physics and he society out of nowhere on the island a complete living space. So how he wanted [ also ] be me. " )
He participated in the Technion (Israel Institute of Technology - Israeli Institute of Technology ) in Haifa study of engineering and materials science. At the Technion Shechtman made his B.Sc (Bachelor of Science) and M.Sc (Master of Science) and received his doctorate in 1972 there. Immediately after his graduation he went with his wife and his three daughters as NRC Fellow in the United States to conduct research in the research labs at the Wright - Patterson Air Force Base in Ohio for the U.S. Air Force.
During his three-year research period, he worked on the microstructure and the physical and metallurgical properties of titanium aluminides. From 1975 he worked at the Institute of Material Sciences University of Technology Technion in Haifa.
Dan Shechtman is a professor at the Technion and a researcher at the Louis Edelstein Center and at the Wolfson Centre, which he presides. For many years he encourages business start-ups by graduates of the Technion, by inviting entrepreneurs to give lectures there.
Work on quasicrystals
From 1981 to 1983 he worked as part of a sabbatical at Johns Hopkins University with rapidly solidified aluminum alloys and discovered the so-called icosahedral phase, which opened the new field of research in quasi-periodic crystals.
This discovery has long been criticized: " There is no quasicrystals, only quasi- scientists," said the late 1994 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry, Linus Pauling, Carl. The head of Shechtman's research group advised him to re-read the textbooks, and then urged him to leave the group in order not to embarrass. Later, quasicrystals have been found by other researchers. In 2011, Shechtman received the ten million Swedish kronor (about 1.1 million euros ) doped Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
Presidential candidacy
On January 17, 2014 Shechtman announced his candidacy for the office of President of Israel, in an interview with Israeli TV station Channel 1 is known. The election will take place under Knesset members. In case of victory he would Shechtman as a scientist as well as non-member of the Knesset, the first to have managed this since Ephraim Katzir.
Private
Dan Shechtman is married to (T) zipora Shechtman, Head of the Department of Counseling and Human Development at the University of Haifa and the author of several books and numerous articles in professional journals on the topic of psychotherapy. The couple has a son and three daughters.
Prices
Selected Publications
- D. Shechtman, I. sheet, D. Gratias, JW Cahn: Metallic phase with long -range orientational order and no translational symmetry. In: Physical Review Letters. Volume 53, 1984, pp. 1951-1953, doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.53.1951. ( This is the basic work for the Nobel Prize ).
- D. Shechtman, I. sheet: The microstructure of proceed rapidly solidified Al6Mn. In: Metallurgical Transactions. Volume 16A, 1985, pp. 1005-1012, doi: 10.1007/BF02811670
- D. Shechtman: Twin - deterministic mined growth of diamond films. In: Materials Science and Engineering. Band A184, 1994, pp. 113-118, doi: 10.1016/0921-5093 (94 ) 91025-1.
- D. van Heerden, E. Zolotoyabko, D. Shechtman: Microstructure and strain in electrodeposited Cu / Ni multilayers. In: Journal of Materials Research. Volume 11, No. 11, 1996, pp. 2825-2833, doi: 10.1557/JMR.1996.0357.
- I. Goldfarb, E. Zolotoyabko, A. Berner, D. Shechtman: Novel sample preparation technique for the study of multi- component phase diagrams. In: Materials Letters. Volume 21, 1994, pp. 149-154, doi: 10.1016/0167-577X (94 ) 90209-7.
- D. Josell, D. Shechtman, D. van Heerden: fcc titanium in Ti / Ni multilayer. In: Materials Letters. Volume 22, 1995, pp. 275-279, doi: 10.1016/0167-577X (94 ) 90039-6.