Fado

Fado (Portuguese fate, from Latin fatum = destiny, divine will ) is a Portuguese style of music and speech genre, which is found mainly in the cities of Lisbon and Coimbra. Works of this style trade mainly by unrequited love, social injustices, past times or the longing for better times, and especially of the saudade. Fado includes, among other Arab elements, many different pitches and many minor sounds, and expresses that feeling of life which should bind the Portuguese together.

Well-known artists of the Fado was Amalia Rodrigues, who was still regarded as the epitome of fado, Alfredo Marceneiro, Maria da Fé and Carlos do Carmo. A movement of renewal and / or rejuvenation of Fado is since the early 1990s, led by Mísia and Alexandra and is now also by Cristina Branco, Mariza, Camané, Telmo Pires, Ana Moura, Dulce Pontes and acclaimed artist.

In 2011 he was included in the list of Intangible Cultural Heritage by UNESCO.

Occupation

The singer or the singer is usually accompanied by a classical and a Portuguese guitar ( guitarra portuguesa ), often occurs even added a bass guitar (viola baixo ). The instruments are traditionally played by men. While the vocals in tourist-oriented places mostly limited to a Gesangsdarbieter, can spontaneously participate up to a dozen attendees at a Fado in non-commercial Fado meetings of Lisbon. It bears every singer, followed by applause, fervently a verse with his self- devised text at. It is good tone in non-commercial listen Fado that not only laudatory exclamations accompany the fado, but in a masterly presented Fado often clearly uses some seconds before the lecture end the applause of the audience.

History

The origins of fado in the slums of Lisbon, where he appeared first in the disreputable taverns in Mouraria district. Whether he originally evolved from the songs of the Portuguese sailors or originated from Brazilian music such as Lundum or Modinha, is not to decide from today's perspective.

In the 19th century fado was socially acceptable even in bourgeois salons. During this time, had the first nor known fado singer Maria Severa. Internationally known fado was Ercília Costa (1902-1985), during Amália Rodrigues (1920-1999) the most influential and successful ambassador of fado was.

Today Fado essentially exists in two forms. Firstly, as Fado Vadio (German: homeless or around scattering Fado ), which is sung spontaneously in the bars of the Portuguese cities and especially the old quarters of Lisbon, and as Fado Professional who comes in concert with solid program for the performance and professional singers will be carried forward.

A more distant relative of Fado in Lisbon ( and postage) is the Fado de Coimbra, since the 19th century to the ancient university city of Coimbra sung ballads, often about the city, student life and love. The singer José Afonso sang originally Fado de Coimbra, also the guitarist Carlos Paredes was originally from Coimbra and came to Lisbon, where he developed his music on the basis of Fado further later.

An idiosyncratic and elements of Fado use music developed the internationally has become known group Madredeus with their singer Teresa Salgueiro.

Maria de Fátima fused elements of jazz in their fado. The pop singer Nelly Furtado used elements of Fado in their songs, noticeable in their Song EM Força and on their album Folklore. These Fado groups have emerged, including abroad, about Sina Nossa or Trio Fado in Germany. Even Lounge projects some DJs or pop bands such as Deolinda or the avant-garde Fado pop group A NAIFA expand the range of Fado on.

An initiative by the Fadomuseum, were appointed to the ambassadors of the veteran Carlos do Carmo and the singer Mariza, 2010 started the nomination of Fado for inclusion in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Also a variety of internationally recognized personalities supported the campaign, including the football coach José Mourinho and the Portuguese -Canadian pop singer Nelly Furtado. 2011, the candidacy of success, and the Fado was recognized as Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.

The Portuguese name for the singer or the singer of fado is Fadista. The term often describes but also more broadly to any assets of the fado.

The term also rewrote a mythical depicted in film and literature lifestyle that is marked by the Lisbon nightlife, bohemian tradition, culture and the underworld at the same time, in the narrow streets of Alfama or Bairro Alto. Movies and record covers with photos from the 1920s to the 1970s, from fado bars, especially by Alfredo Marceneiro, Amália Rodrigues or Carlos do Carmo, shaped the image that also characterizes the appearance of the new generation of Fadistas (about Camané, Mariza, Ana Moura, Aldina Duarte ).

Known Fadista are, inter alia, Alexandra, Cristina Branco, veteran Carlos do Carmo, Camané, Carminho, Aldina Duarte, Kátia Guerreiro, Fernando Machado Soares, Alfredo Marceneiro, Mariza, Mísia, Ana Moura, Hélder Moutinho ( Camanés brother), Pedro Moutinho ( Camanés brother), Amélia Muge, Telmo Pires, Dulce Pontes, Amália Rodrigues.

Known Guitarristas ( guitarist ) are, inter alia, António Carlos Paredes and Chainho.

→ See also: List of personalities of Fado