MikulÄice
Mikulcice ( German Mikulčice ) is a village of 1,955 (2005) inhabitants in the South Moravian Region kraj (Czech Republic).
Location
Mikulcice is located 7 kilometers southwest of Göding on the border with Slovakia. The village with an area of 1530 hectares is located at an altitude of 164 m. In 623 homes population of just under 2,000 residents. Three kilometers to the southeast, on the Morava ( Czech Morava ) was from 8th to 10th century, the castle fortress of the Great Moravian Empire. The ruins are now a national monument Mikulčice - Valy.
History
Mikulcice 1141 is first mentioned in writing. At that time it belonged to the United Parish Lundenburg. In the middle of the village at that time there was a cemetery church. From the 12th and 13th century archaeologists discovered not only remains of houses, but also ceramic shards. The village is likely to have then dragged along a road. The Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary dates from the 14th century and was first mentioned in 1353. A century later, tells of a fortress, which is said to have been on the hill Kopec in the southern part of the village.
On 25 September 2007, the main building of the memorial including research spaces and the archive was destroyed by fire.
Castle fortress Valy ( capital of Moravia Moravia )
Near the castle was fortified Valy, one of the major strongholds of the 9th century, the Great Moravian Empire. The historian Lubomir Havlík identified the castle fortress based on written and archaeological sources as the first capital of Moravia Moravia ( Morava degree ), which was replaced by 871 of Veligrad as the new capital.
The 30 to 50 -acre resort spread over several islands in the river branched March. The center, with a burial site and residential complexes might have occupied about 10 hectares. The core with its fore-castle consisted of a wooden wall with a stone intent, which were also protected from the river bed. The bank was secured by several wooden palisades. In the acropolis and the bailey offered several bridges, the individual complexes joined together, Goals intake. In the acropolis were the most important buildings. The palace, church and other masonry building provided the members of the aristocracy, the magnates and ecclesiastical dignitaries safe protection. For the most important figures were laid in the church and graves. In the acropolis there were further workshops of craftsmen, whose master also lived in the houses of the central fortress.
The outer bailey was the home of the soldiers, servants and artisans. Here also markets were held, in which the artisans negotiated with their products and farmers hawking their produce from near and far. Here, the life in the castle was heavily dependent on the economic development of the area. Finally, over 2,000 people had to be fed and cared for. Even more villages were created probably by the existence of this fort near what archaeological excavations along the railway line from Lundenburg testify after Göding.
The Great Moravian Mikulčice was next to a military fortress probably also the center of political power of the ruling Mojmiriden and an important center of ecclesiastical administration. This is evidenced by recent discoveries richly appointed craft goods, weapons and luxurious as well as imported goods. An interesting note is also a preserved diet, rich in meat, fruit and vegetables.
The formation reached a high level in this region. The importance of the place, its creation probably took place before the 8th century, was lost with the fall of the Great Moravian Empire and the invasion of the Magyars in the 10th century. Part of the population of the outer ward settled in the area. Some of the rulers were believed to retain their positions or were assigned new, a lot of the mercenaries who would have joined the Magyars. The craftsmen are likely to be also emigrated abroad, the majority certainly to Bohemia, in the realm of Přemyslids. In the 13th century the area was no longer inhabited.
Sons and daughters of the town
- Fanós Mikulecký (* July 28, 1912, † 23 March 1970 in Hodonín ), publishers, musicians, radio playwright, composer
- František Nosál ( born April 7, 1879 in Těšice; † 29 August 1963 Prague), General of Division, Legionnaire
- Pavel Vavrys ( born December 18, 1947), artist whose paintings are exhibited in the National Gallery in Prague
- Jaroslav Jurčák ( born June 17, 1937), sculptor
Local structure
The municipality consists of the villages Mikulcice
- Mikulcice ( Mikulčice ) - 303 houses, 918 inhabitants
- Těšice ( Tieschitz ) - 320 houses, 988 inhabitants
Weblink
- Commons: Mikulcice - collection of images, videos and audio files
- Homepage of the village
- Report in Radio Praha on fire the memorial