Minster (church)

Münster is an early German loanword from greek. / Lat. monasterium, " monastery". Thus, a church was originally called, was not the parish church, but part of a monastery or congregation. Also Cathedrals ( "Dome " ) were often so called because the cathedral chapter originally lived in monastery -like relationship.

From the 13th century the word took the general meaning " Great Church " to, so in the Upper German-speaking countries with " Münster " except cathedrals and collegiate churches, some large city parish churches were called. The term " Muenster" is now a hergebrachte designation for certain churches.

Finally, " Münster " also became the place names of settlements that developed around an abbey, a collegiate or cathedral chapter around; see Munster.

The English word minster, also borrowed from early monasterium, has the same meaning story. The later borrowing monastery on the other hand retained the meaning " monastery".

Münster in

Germany

  • Aachen: Aachen Cathedral, originally Palatine Chapel of Charlemagne, from 936-1531 coronation church of 31 German kings
  • Imperial Abbey Kornelimünster, former abbey church of St. Cornelius Catholic.
  • Regensburg Cathedral (no " Münster ", see above)
  • Niedermünster Regensburg (formerly Damenstiftskirche, Roman Catholic. )
  • Obermünster Regensburg (formerly Damenstiftskirche 1945 largely destroyed )
  • Means Münster Regensburg (formerly Damenstiftskirche 1809 demolished)
  • Salem ( Baden): (. Former Cistercian Abbey Church, Roman Catholic ) Salem Münster
  • Schwandorf Marienmunster on Cross Mountain
  • Schwäbisch Gmünd: Holy Cross Cathedral (Parish Church, Roman Catholic. )
  • Soest: St. Patroclus Cathedral ( often referred to as the Münster )
  • Steinach ( Lower Bavaria ): Monastery Pfaff Münster
  • Überlingen: Überlinger Münster (Parish Church, Roman Catholic. )
  • Ulm: Ulmer Münster (Parish Church, Lutheran. ), With the highest spire in the world
  • Villingen: Notre Dame Cathedral (Parish Church )
  • Wolfram -Eschenbach: Notre Dame Cathedral (Parish Church, Roman Catholic. )
  • Würzburg: (. Former collegiate church, grave lay the Diocese of the Holy Kilian, Kolonat and Totnan, Roman Catholic ) Neumünster St. John the Evangelist
  • Zwiesel: (. Former Benedictine abbey church, Roman Catholic ) Cathedral of Our Lady

Belgium

  • Munster Bilsen ( Flemish Munsterbilzen )

England

  • Berkeley ( Gloucestershire )
  • Beverley: Minster of St. Mary
  • Dewsbury
  • Doncaster: Minster St. George
  • Hemingbrough (Yorkshire ): Minster of St. Mary
  • Howden (Yorkshire ): Minster of St. Peter and St. Paul
  • Iken ( Suffolk ): Minster St. Botolf
  • Iwerne Minster (Dorset): Minster of St. Mary
  • Leeds: St. Peter (since 2012)
  • Leominster ( Herefordshire )
  • London: Westminster Abbey
  • Minster (Kent)
  • Minster -in- Thanet (Kent): Minster St. Peter
  • Minster -in- Thanet (Kent): Minster of St. Mary
  • Minster -in- Sheppey (Kent)
  • Newminster ( Winchester )
  • Preston: Minster St. John
  • Reading: Minster of St Mary the Virgin
  • Rotherham: Minster ( now a museum )
  • South Elmham ( Suffolk )
  • Stoke- upon- Trent: Minster of St. Peter ad Vincula
  • Stone Grave (Yorkshire )
  • Stowe ( Lincolnshire )
  • Sunderland (Durham ): Minster St Michael and all Angels
  • Tewkesbury: Minster of St Mary the Virgin
  • Wimborne Minster: Minster St. Cuthburga

In addition, in England cathedrals are often referred to as " Minster ", for example " York Minster " instead of " York Cathedral", as well as the cathedrals in Lincoln, Ripon and Southwell ( Nottinghamshire ).

Of the abbeys, which bear the designation " minster " in the name, Westminster Abbey is the most famous.

France

  • Colmar: Martinsmünster (Parish Church )
  • Ebersmunster (German Ebersmünster ): former abbey church
  • Monastery Marmoutier (Alsace ) (Eng. Maursmünster ): (former Benedictine abbey )
  • Moyenmoutier ( dt means Münster): Monastery Moyenmoutier ( Vosges )
  • Munster ( Haut-Rhin) (German Munster / Munster in Alsace or Greg Oriental ) Münster St. Gregory (former Benedictine abbey, destroyed). The whole Munster valley was as a free imperial city and a member of the Alsatian Decapole ( Decapolis )
  • Niedermünster the Mount Sainte-Odile in Alsace (ruins of a former Benedictine monastery )
  • Strasbourg: Strasbourg Münster ( Cathedral )
  • Thann in Alsace: Münster / collegiate St.Theobald (Parish Church )

Luxembourg

  • Luxembourg: Neumünster Abbey, dating back to the 1542 ruined Benedictine Altmünster, now a cultural center

Netherlands

Austria

In Austria, the term is largely uncommon, there are only a few so-called pächtigere collegiate and parish churches.

Switzerland

  • Basel: Basel Münster ( until the Reformation Episcopal Church, ev -ref. )
  • Bern: Bern Münster ( ev -ref. )
  • Fribourg (French Fribourg ): St. Nicholas Cathedral, formerly known as Münster, since 1924 a Roman Catholic. Episcopal Church
  • Moutier in the Bernese Jura: (. Fr. Moutier- Grandval, until the Reformation, collegiate church, Protestant Reformed ) Münster Gran Felden
  • Schaffhausen: All Saints Cathedral ( until the Reformation Collegiate Church )
  • Zurich: Grossmünsterplatz ( until the Reformation collegiate, ev -ref. )
  • Dame Cathedral ( until the Reformation Damenstiftskirche, ev -ref. )
Protestant Reformation Bad Doberan Bad Reichenhall Bonn Cham, Germany Einbeck Essen Freising Fritzlar Heilbronn Heilsbronn Heilsbronn Abbey Herford Minor basilica Meschede Obermarchtal Lake Constance Steinach, Bavaria Wimborne Minster (church) Berkeley (Gloucestershire) Leeds Minster Preston, Lancashire Sunderland (Tyne and Wear) Lincoln, England Southwell (Nottinghamshire) Marmoutier Abbey, Alsace Munster (Haut-Rhin) Thann, Haut-Rhin Moutier-Grandval Abbey
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