Pinto horse
A pinto is a horse whose body hair in addition to a basic color clearly defined white areas that go beyond what is normal badge.
While piebald are undesirable in our time for most breeds of horses and will not be allowed to breed, piebald were earlier due to their specificity coveted horses. One indication of this is the famous picture of Napoleon at the Saint - Bernard Pass, exist from the two versions: Once Napoleon sitting on a white horse, even on a piebald.
In Tigerschecken are formed by the same gene a variety of check pattern in which small round dark spots on white or small round white spots occur on a dark background.
The remaining piebald be summarized as Plattenschecken, which are divided into Tobiano and Overos.
There are three known types of Overos: The frame Overo which Splashed White Overo and Sabino Overo wherein the Sabinozeichnung multiple different genes is induced.
- 3.1 Pinto
Development of piebald
Check drawings usually go back to leucism, which also applies to the various record check pattern of the horse. That is, while the Embryonalentwicklungen wander too few melanoblasts from the neural crest or from this emigration is happening too late. From the melanoblasts arise later the dye -forming cells ( melanocytes), which are also responsible for the coat color.
An area of the skin may be affected differently by leucism. If there no melanocytes are present, the skin is pink, and hairs that grow there, are white. In an area of skin are too few melanocytes present, creates a random pattern of white and colored hairs. The horse has thus there white Stichelhaare. On the skin areas that have been achieved by the melanocytes in sufficient numbers, the coat has the color that it would have if no check - gene were present.
Depending upon check - gene different skin areas for white patches are predestined. However, since it is not in piebald to a carefully controlled process, but to a fault, the location and extent of the spots to a significant degree is random.
Each check pattern is possible on each color, so there's Rapp Check, Check Fuchs, Brown Check and Falbschecken. There are also porcelain look, these are mold with a check drawing. As a newborn foal they are spotted and their fur during the course of life is white, the skin remains black and pink spotted. This spotting shines through the white fur through, making the porcelain-like impression. If the color is Smoky cream or Cremello combined with patching, the patching is almost invisible.
In contrast to the Plattenscheckungen the horse comes the leopard markings, such as those occurring in Appaloosa leucism not materialize, but is caused by a mutation of an ion channel. 2
Variations in the expression of spotting
Allen check patterns in common is that they differ from animal to animal considerably in severity and often can range from minimal pinto who looks like a horse without check drawing with clear badge, until completely white horse.
Minimum piebald
Minimum pintos are horses while wearing one of the genes that are responsible for the typical check drawings, but are not patched.
Some check - genes, such as the Sabino and Splashed white overo, are animals that carry the gene only once, ie are heterozygous, almost never really spotted.
In the most common spotting, the Tobianoscheckung, on the other hand it does not matter whether an animal is heterozygous or homozygous - in both cases are possible minimum to maximum piebald.
Monochrome Tigerschecken are usually heterozygous for the gene.
Significant expression of check color
The Tigers check pattern in heterozygous animals are usually less pronounced than in homozygous animals.
Piebald with lots of white
Maximum piebald
When Max is called piebald horses are completely white due to check - genes. A heterozygous horse can be random completely covered by a white spot. Frequent homozygous animals are completely white, for example, homozygous Tigerschecken are often completely white, but mostly healthy. Notoriety contrast, the homozygous frame overo drawing has obtained: Foals, who twice this gene, are completely white and die within the first days of life due to colic.
In horses with several different check - genes are often completely white animals to find than among horses with only one of these genes.
Superposition of several check pattern, badges can also be inherited independently
If superimpose several check pattern, the resulting spotting is often difficult to classify. Horses with a Tobiano gene and a frame overo gene often show a typical Tobianoscheckung.
There are some genes for white markings on the face and on the legs, either in homo - or heterozygous form which can lead to piebald on its own, you can not always infer Scheckungsgene of white markings.
On the cKit locus lies the gene for Tobianoscheckung, the Sabinoscheckung for that. Dominant for white color and for the Stichelhaarigkeit Since horses have a double set of chromosomes, they can have homozygous of these four genes at most two different or one of these four genes.
In contrast, the frame overo spotting ( EDRNB ) and the leopard markings are ( all known leucism loci excluded ) each on a different locus and can be combined with the above four genes.
Pintaloosa: leopard markings combined with Tobianoscheckung
When both the horse and the tiger tobiano check- gene, has a process called Pintaloosa horse formed. A Pintaloosa has, so usually extend pronounced white markings on the legs and spots that run from top to bottom vertically rather than horizontally. Both are typical Tobianomerkmale. The Tiger Check heritage is sometimes difficult to detect and only makes itself noticeable by that the White is visible in the normal open eye. If it stands out clearer, all the drawing features of the Tiger check complex may arise. So the horse can dark skin under white fur, white snowflakes, small round black spots on a white background and white Stichelhaare that are in the course of life more, have. Since both Scheckungsgenen the head is one of the last parts of the body that are white, Pintaloosas have relatively often a dark head. 1
Tovero
The Tovero is mostly explained by " mixture of overo and Tobianoscheckung ". Often only those animals are classified, which you can keep for Overos, but not for Tobianos. Genetically significantly more animals in addition to Tobianogen one of the overo genes, as are referred to in practice as Toveros.
Breeds and breeding color
For Appaloosa Appaloosa Sport Horse Colorado Ranger and the leopard markings is typical. Clydesdales are consistently Sabino Overos. The Lewitzer always shows a Tobianoscheckung.
Pinto
As Pinto (Spanish for " painted, pied " ) refers to a horse whose coat shows a clear Plattenscheckung. The Pinto is not a race but a color breed. The breeding goal writes for the Pinto for a minimum size of the spot of 500 cm ², if the animal has only one coat place with deviating from the base color staining. In two spots reduces the required size to 200 cm ², with three on each 100 cm ². They exclude thereby the areas below the hocks and the head badge. In contrast to the Paint Horse, whose colors are similar to that of his descent but an American Quarter Horse must be a Pinto can be grown from each breed. Also in Pinto, a distinction coat pattern in the Overo and Tobiano the above. Because of the unusual color combination Pintos were highly prized among the American Indians. They are used today mainly as all-round riding horse when driving horse, Western saddle horse, gaited horse and show horse.
Among breeders, a distinction between different subspecies, such as the Arabian Pinto, who will look like a Pied Arabs, the Pinto Hunter, a correct, großlinigen riding horse with sweeping elastic movements, the Stock type Pinto, which is especially suitable for Western and leisure riding and the Pinto Tinker, the significant Kaltblütermerkmale shows.
There is also a native of the Netherlands Baroque Pinto, which is particularly suitable for the high school. He is friendly, balanced, willing to learn and less problematic in handling and attitude. Baroque Pintos also work well as classical dressage and riding horse as well as carriage horse, or even only for recreational purposes. As a breeding ground floor of this popular throughout Western Europe and cultivated mainly in the Netherlands and Germany horses one uses common Baroque horse breeds such as the Lusitano, Andalusian, Berber, Hispano -Arabian, Lipizzaner or friezes. Usually these are warm-blooded animals in the frieze type and have therefore more likely to have a square appearance with a stick of about 160 cm. Your back is short, the croup is well rounded. They have a wide, well muscled chest. Typical of Baroque horse breeds is the powerful, easy " ramsnasige " ( with an arched bridge of the nose ) head. This is carried high on a strong and well- muscled neck.