Prachatice

Prachatice ( German Prachatitz ) is a Czech town. It is located in South Bohemia, ( South Bohemia ) and has 11,332 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2012). In the past Prachatitz was an important place on the Gold Trail, an ancient trade route from Passau to Prague.

History

A place called Prachaticz is first documented in the 11th century as a storehouse for merchandise and lay outside the present-day city. Mostly this place is identified with the present-day district of Alt Prachatitz. According to legend was Prachaticz in the late 10th century by Saint Adalbert, bishop of Prague, dedicated to the first Christian church under the suzerainty of the provosts of the monastery Vyšehrad in the forming settlement in the vicinity of the stack position.

The first historical evidence of the place Prachaticz dates from 1088 and is a mention in connection with the market right on the salt route to Passau. In 1323, the Municipality of the economically prosperous city (a type of lease ) was granted the right to use the revenue from the tolls on the salt road for their own purposes against a constant payment to the provosts of Vyšehrad.

To the proliferating wealth of the city in the 15th century contributed to IV of King Wenceslas was the staple right of the imported salt to Bohemia in 1381. A special cultural role among the leading cities in South Bohemia got Prachatitz with the establishment of a Latin school. Although the Czech reformer Jan Hus, temporarily Rector of Charles University in Prague, was a graduate of the Latin School, rejected the trade and aldermen Prachatitz from a port town on his doctrine and held firmly to the Roman Catholic confession. On November 12, 1420 Hussites conquered under their captain Jan Žižka the fortified walled city Prachatitz, drove most of the male residents in the sacristy of the cathedral, where they died in the flames when it was burned down. Women and children were sold as free as a bird out of the city, as reported by Magister Laurenz Brezowa in the chronicle Historia Hussitica.

In 1436 Prachatitz was free Bohemian royal city. In 1501 it fell to the family of the Rosenbergs ( Men of Rosenberg ), the last member of it sold in 1601 Emperor Rudolf II. In the Thirty Years' War, the city lost its privileges and was sacked several times, but the real decline began in 1692 with the introduction of the imperial salt monopoly. From 1719 the town belonged to the princes of Schwarzenberg, in whose possession it remained until 1848. In the 19th century, textile and food industry developed in the area. From the end of the 19th century Prachatitz received a certain importance as a health resort.

Until the beginning of the 20th century, the population of Prachatitz consisted mainly of German Bohemia. After the founding of Czechoslovakia in 1918, the population changed circumstances, not least due to the influx of Czechs from the surrounding area and incorporation of some villages. 1930 lived in the town of 2,368 German and 2,283 Czechs. In October 1938, the city was occupied after the Munich Agreement by German troops. The county Prachatitz was connected to the government district of Lower Bavaria and Upper Palatinate. In 1945, after the end of World War II, the city was returned to Czechoslovakia. The Bohemian German population was expelled in 1946 on the basis of the Beneš decrees for the most part. The Sumava home county Prachatitz eV with headquarters in Ingolstadt has since held annual home meeting (usually in Bavaria) from.

Boroughs

Prachatice divided into the districts of Kahov ( Kahau ) Libínské Saddleback (pepper beat), Městská Lhotka ( Urban Oed ), Oseky ( Wosek ) Ostrov ( Wostrow ) Perlovice ( Perletschlag ) Podolí ( Podoly ), Prachatice I, Prachatice II, Stádla ( Stadlern ), Staré Prachatice (Alt Prachatitz ) and Volovice ( Wolletschlag ).

Attractions

City wall with bastion Helvit
Lower gate or Pisek Gate with Nepomuk Chapel
Literati school
Heydl House
Hus House
Deanery Church of St. James
Old Town Hall with view of the virtues ( medallions )
New Town Hall (1902 ) with 7 great men of Prachatitz (see figures )
City fountain with Justitia statue
Zdiarsky House ( now a museum ) with allegories of Justice (Justice ), Patientia ( patience), Prudence ( pride ) and Fortitude ( courage )
Rumpal house with arcades
Prince - house with sgraffito White Elephant
Birthplace of John Neumann ( Bishop of Philadelphia, Holy )

Twinning

Since 1988: Impruneta ( Italy)
Since 1991: Mauthausen ( Austria )
Since 1991, Zvolen (Slovakia )
Since 1996: Grainet ( Germany )
Since 1996: Forest Churches ( Germany )
Since 1997: Spiez ( Switzerland )
Since 1999: Rahatschou ( Belarus )
Since 2004: Forli e Terra del Sole ( Italy)

Personalities

Jan Hus (1369-1415), Christian reformer, and temporarily Rector of Charles University in Prague, went to Prachatitz to school.
Christian von Prachatitz ( * before 1370, † 1439), mathematician, astronomer, theologian and physician, multi- rector of the Charles University in Prague, students of the reformer Jan Hus.
Saint John Neumann, Roman Catholic bishop in Philadelphia (USA) ( 1811-1860 ), canonized in 1977, was born in 1811 in Prachatice.
Stanislav Jungwirth (1930-1986), Swedish middle distance runner.
Bruno Rauscher (1931-2013), German jurist and judge at the Federal Social Court
Stefan Weinfurter, (* 1945), German historian.
Miroslav Soukup ( b. 1965 ), the Czech football player and football coach.
David Svoboda ( born 1975 ), Czech sculptor.
Luboš Pecka (born 1978 ), Swedish football player.

On the New Town Hall (1902 ) are shown following persons from Prachatitz:

Christian von Prachatitz, physician and astronomer, rector of Prague University
Wenzel Menshik, Rector in Prague
Michael of Prachatitz, notary University of Prague
Wilhelm von Rosenberg (1535-1592),
John Neumann (1811-1860), Bishop of Philadelphia
Boxwood of Prachatitz, architect of Vienna's St. Stephen 's Cathedral
Josef Messner, writer

Pictures

Old Town Hall

New Town Hall

Jacob's Church

Literati school

Hus House

Rumpal House

Princely House with sgraffito

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