RudnÃk, KoÅ¡ice-okolie District
Rudnik (Hungarian: Rudnok; until 1927 slovak: Rudno ) is a municipality in eastern Slovakia with a population of 620 (as at 31 December 2011). It is located in Okres Košice - okolie kraj part of Košice.
Geography
The community is located about 20 kilometers west of the city of Košice. The 23- km ² area extends from the eastern foothills of the mountains Volovecer as part of the Slovak Ore Mountains in the north to the fertile hills of the foothills. The built on granite and porphyry mountainous northern part of the municipality is covered by dense mixed forests. Here are heights of over 550 meters above sea level reached ( Kobylia hora, 882 m nm, Podkova, 569 m nm ), while the village of Rudnik is located on 314 m height. Also, the western part of the municipality is covered by forests, while the village Rudnik is on an island clearing that approaches in the southeast to the Bodva.
Through the community area flock to northwest-southeast direction some mountain streams, which flow together in the creek Cecejovský and dehydrate for Ida.
Neighboring communities of Rudnik Zlata Idka are in the north, Hýlov in the northeast, Nováčany in the east, in the southeast Panovce, Debraď in the south, the west and Jasov Poproč in the northwest.
History
The first written records of Rudnik date back to the year 1255 when the Hungarian King Bela IV, the privileges of the nearby Premonstratensian monastery Jasov renewed, which were lost during the Mongol invasion. The king was a few years earlier. Than Batted from the Battle of Muhi by way of Pressburg to Dalmatia In the annals of the monastery, which was already founded in 1170, is populi de Rodnuk ( people from Rudnik ) the speech, so it can be assumed that the village already existed in the founding years of the monastery.
The original population was Slavic; Hungarian settlers came much later, in the area around Rudnik. The name of the village and the village stream of the same name is due to the Slovak word for Neruda ore. In addition to the gold rush of the mining of iron ore was one of the main sources of income in medieval Rudnik. In the 14th century, mining became more intense, not least due to the influx of German colonists brought with them the new extraction method.
In documents of the year 1255 there is also a place called Myhluk who may have been in today's southeastern municipality. Later, the name no longer appeared in connection with the existence as a settlement and it is believed that it is an abandoned village center or a field name. Thus the hallway Myhluk immersed only once in 1487, when disputes over horses and undeveloped land between farmers from Mokrance and Velka Ida were settled.
1427 were for taxable Rudnik 21 yards expelled in 1553 for 18 ½ yards in 1570, eight inhabited and uninhabited three yards, in 1696 already 32 yards and in 1715 there were 14 additional serf families. Finally, a census of the year was 1828 155 houses with 1162 inhabitants. Agriculture, forestry, charcoal and iron ore mining were major sources of income of the residents Rudníks. The ore was brought to the smelters of the neighboring Zlata Idka. Many residents hired themselves out as a potter in Jasov or worked in the mills of Medzev.
In the time of the Turkish threat from the 14th to the 17th century Rudnik and the surrounding villages were under the protection of a rock castle in Jasov.
In 1837 Rudnik was a Slovak village with 1146 Catholics; to 1882, the village belonged to the county abov, the parish was part of the Diocese of Rožňava. For the year 1907 780 inhabitants were reported in 149 houses. In 1848, 70% of the economically active population lumberjack uor Köhler and only 30% were employed in agriculture.
With the end of the First World War, the monarchy and also the influx of Hungary disappeared faltered. On January 9, 1918, the Czechoslovak army marched into Rudnik. The names of the nine fallen from Rudnik are engraved on a marble plaque at the entrance of the church.
By the Treaty of Trianon, the village to the county Abaúj- Torna in the Kingdom of Hungary was, from then on belonged Rudnik like all lying in the county Abaúj- Torna places to Czechoslovakia. After the First Vienna Award these communities were once again from 1938 to 1945 in Hungary, where Rudnik and Poproč came to Hungary until the beginning of 1939.
Rudnik as a resort
Dating back to 1762, a Surgeon of Henrik Mayer written in Latin Description of the Rudnik funded in mineral water. The exhibition, called " Thermographic exploration of Rudniker gold mineral baths ". Among the constituents of the water was in addition to gold and red mercury sulfide, ferrous sulfate and a high concentration of antimony. The divided into 16 sections investigation also describes the region of provenance, the headwaters of the upper Ida, who has long been visited by gold washers. Medical treatments is stated that the water is suitable for blood poisoning, leprosy, ulcers, scurvy, syphilis, epilepsy, nervous diseases, stomach cramps and colic. After humble beginnings a health treatment center (drinking hall ), the well-heeled resort guests moved their stays in the further west in 1883, and more easily achievable spa in Štós ( Štós - kúpele ).
Population
According to the results of the 2001 census lived in Rudnik 623 inhabitants, of which
- 96% of Slovaks and
- 0.64% Hungary
93.1 % of residents pleaded with the Roman Catholic Church, 1.3% for the Greek Catholic Church.
Attractions
- Roman Catholic parish church of St. George ( Rímskokatolícky kostol sv. Juraja )
Economy and infrastructure
Since time immemorial, forestry plays the most important role in Rudnik. Apart from agriculture, and a gradually developing tourism there are jobs for commuters based in and around Košice industry and in the nearby towns and Jasov Moldova Bodvou.
Through the municipal area, the main road runs 548 ( Cesta II triedy ) from Kosice to Jasov. Another road leads from Rudnik Zlata by Idka.