San Miguel de Tucumán
San Miguel de Tucumán is the capital of the Argentine province of Tucumán smallest with 548 866 inhabitants (2010, INDEC ).
Origin of the name
The city was founded in 1565 as San Miguel de Tucumán y Nueva Tierra de Promisión. The origin of the name Tucumán is controversial. The explanation of the name derive from an alleged Quechua word Yucuman from ( " place where the rivers rise " ) is not tenable. Another interpretation is derived from even earlier time ago: So there are still before the invasion of the Incas, the indigenous people of the region, the Diaguitas, have been, have the area for her then- chief Tukma ( Tukma - nao = people of the Tukma ) named. A third derivation brings the origin with the also living in the area Lule Indians in combination, are said to have named the country after the beetle Tuku Tuku -: Tuku - tuku - manita means " country where the Tuku Tuku - ( Beetle ) is common. "
With San Miguel the Archangel Michael is meant.
History
See also: Tucuman ( province ) under history.
In pre-Columbian time, ie before the discovery by the Spanish conquerors, the inhabitants of the territory of today's province of Tucumán were strongly influenced by the Inca culture. The Indian group of Diaguitas - Calchaquíes populated the mountain rich Eastern region of Tucumán.
1564, eleven years after the founding of the oldest consistently inhabited city of Santiago del Estero in 1553, the province Tucumán, juries y Diaguitas was founded with its first city of Santiago del Estero.
A year later, on May 31, 1565 Diego de Villarroel founded the city of San Miguel de Tucumán. Due to the conflicting common Indians and poor water quality to the original birthplace of the Governor Fernando de Mendoza y Mate de Luna decided to relocate the city on September 27, 1685 and neuzugründen. Tucumán in 1776 became part of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata.
After the events of May 25 1810 in Buenos Aires, as the citizens of the city against the viceroy revolted, came in 1812 by Manuel Belgrano Tucumán. There he defeated on 24 September of the same year at the Battle of Tucumán the royal troops. Four years and more battles later declared independence from Spain by the Tucumán Congress today in Casa Independencia mentioned building on July 9, 1816.
In 1969, the guerrillas, who years earlier gathered in small groups, stronger, and there have been many attacks in Tucumán.
On September 4, 1970 Carlos Imbaud took over for the second time the governor's post in Tucumán after this 1962 ever held provisionally. Imbaud tried to include various political parties and the trade unions in his policies. This, however, did not have the desired effect, and so the year 1970 was again marked by unrest and guerrilla groups Montoneros and ERP Revolutionary army began its armed actions and attacks.
Population
55 percent of the population of the province of Tucuman live in San Miguel and its immediate vicinity, about 90 percent live in the wider catchment area in the lowlands on a north-south axis of about 80 kilometers between El Cadillal and Juan B. Alberdi.
Economy
The sugar cultivation of the province Tucumán concentrated around the capital San Miguel de Tucumán. In addition to the agricultural economy is the energy industry with companies such as Gasnor and REFINOR and the food industry with the company: Arcor, Quilmes and Coca -Cola is a major economic factor in the region. The most important foreign company in the direct vicinity of San Miguel de Tucumán the truck manufacturer Scania is in the vicinity of San Miguel de Tucumán is the world's largest wine-growing region of lemons. 50 % of the export value comes from the lemon oil, whose main customer is The Coca -Cola Company.
Education
San Miguel de Tucumán has two state universities ( Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, founded in 1914, and the Universidad Tecnológica Nacional - Facultad Regional Tucumán ) and a Catholic university ( Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino, founded in 1965 ), which also have national significance.
Traffic
Rail transport
Tucumán was once an important center of the Argentine railways. In Tafi Viejo was a large, now disused railway station. Today, passenger traffic, with the exception of the route to Buenos Aires has come to a standstill.
Transport
Public transport is handled by buses that also go to the surrounding villages.
Long-distance traffic
The Aeropuerto Internacional Teniente General Benjamín Matienzo airport is located east of the city near the suburb Alderetes. From it there are flights to Buenos Aires and Santa Cruz de la Sierra in Bolivia.
The bus station is two kilometers east of the city center. From here, most of the people - distance traffic, as well as a part of the transport is handled.
Road
Around Tucumán runs a bypass highway. The city is also connected to several cities in the north- west and north- east, and with the Pampa region through national roads. The most important of them is the Ruta Nacional 9, also called Panamericana ( it is a part of the Pan-American road network, the main axis through Chile leads ), the Buenos Aires via Rosario, Córdoba, Santiago del Estero, Tucumán, Salta and San Salvador de Jujuy to the border town with Bolivia, La Quiaca leads.
Air table
Sons and daughters of the town
- Gregorio Aráoz de La Madrid (1795-1857), military leader and politician
- Juan Bautista Alberdi (1810-1884), politician and writer
- Carlos Walter Ariel Chaile ( b. 1975 ), football player
- Eduardo Alonso- Crespo ( born 1956 ), composer and conductor
- Nicolás Avellaneda (1837-1885), President of Argentina 1874-1880
- Cristián Díaz ( born 1986 ), football player
- Miguel Ángel Estrella ( born 1940 ), pianist
- Tomás Eloy Martínez (1934-2010), journalist and writer
- César Pelli ( born 1926 ), architect
- Alfredo Povina (1904-1986), sociologist
- Raúl Prebisch (1901-1986), development economist
- Alejo Julio Argentino Roca (1843-1914), president of Argentina ( 1880-86 and 1898-1904 )
- Ricardo Rojas (1882-1957), writer
- Diego Alejandro Ruiz Scheuschner ( b. 1980 ), football player
- Mercedes Sosa (1935-2009), folk singer
- Tullio Treves ( b. 1942 ), Italian jurist and judge of the International Tribunal for the Law