Taxonomy of the Lepidoptera

• 5.1 Notes and references
• 5.2 Literature
• 5.3 External links

External system

Within the subclass of flying insects ( pterygota ) are the butterflies part of the superiority of the Neuflügler ( Neoptera ). Of these columns about the Eumetabola the Holometabola from insects. The Holometabola insects, or also called Endopterygota, divided into the following level in the group of Netzflüglerartigen ( Neuropteroida ) and Coleopteroida one hand and in the Hymenoptera ( Hymenoptera) and Mecopteroida on the other. Within the Mecopteroida the group divides into amphiesmenoptera with the caddisflies ( Trichoptera ) and butterflies ( Lepidoptera), on the one hand and the Antliophora with the beak flies ( Mecoptera ) and the group includes (Diptera ) and fleas ( Siphonaptera ) on. Thus, the caddis are within the superiority of the closest relatives of butterflies.

You have probably split in the Mesozoic of the caddis fly.

This results in the following cladogram is derived:

Paraneoptera

Netzflüglerartige ( Neuropterida )

Coleopteroida

Hymenoptera ( Hymenoptera)

Caddisflies ( Trichoptera )

Butterflies ( Lepidoptera)

Beak flies ( Mecoptera )

(Diptera )

Fleas ( Siphonaptera )

Paurometabola

Internal system

The classical scheme of the butterflies is shown very inconsistent. With over 160,000 species in about 130 families and 44 superfamilies are the butterflies, the second largest order in addition to the beetles; they are divided into four suborders: Zeugloptera, Aglossata, Heterobathmiina and Glossata. The subordination Zeugloptera includes the most pristine remaining moths, but just like the butterflies and the Aglossata Heterobathmiina still have chewing mouthparts. The caterpillars of the Zeugloptera are the only educated, genuine belly legs. The subordination Glossata comprising the majority of the butterfly families. They have specialized mouthparts ( proboscis ) and their caterpillars have no abdominal feet, but in their place only Hautausstülpungen.

Other schools of thought argue that the Lepidoptera (butterflies ) are grouped only in two suborders. The first is the subordination of Zeugloptera, which have chewing mouth parts ( and feed on pollen), and the order of Glossata which have small to very large proboscis and feed on plant juices and nectar.

The subdivision into small butterflies ( Microlepidoptera ) and large butterflies ( Macrolepidoptera ) or in butterflies and moths has no scientific basis, but it is designed to simplify at work with butterflies. For example, apply tensioner ( Geometridae ), which are traditionally counted among the moths, as a closer look at the butterflies used as with the other moths. Nevertheless, the traditional names are still used for practical reasons.

Taxonomy of the order of the butterflies

The following classification of butterflies ( Lepidoptera), the system is guided down to family level and is directed primarily by Kristensen and after the Tree of Life Web Project The classification of some families within the superfamily and their family status is partly not yet finally resolved. In these preliminary classification was made.

Subordination Zeugloptera ( Protolepidoptera )

• Superfamily Micropterigoidea Urmotten ( Micropterigidae )

Subordination Aglossata

• Superfamily Agathiphagoidea Agathiphagidae

Subordination Heterobathmiina

• Superfamily Heterobathmioidea Heterobathmiidae

Subordination Glossata

• Superfamily Eriocranioidea Mirage moths ( Eriocraniidae )

• Superfamily Acanthopteroctetoidea Acanthopteroctetidae

• Superfamily Lophocoronoidea Lophocoronidae

• Superfamily Neopseustoidea Neopseustidae

• Superfamily Mnesarchaeoidea Mnesarchaeidae

• Superfamily Hepialoidea Palaeosetidae
• Prototheoridae
• Neotheoridae
• Anomosetidae
• Rootworm ( Hepialidae )

• Superfamily Nepticuloidea Dwarf leaf miner ( Nepticulidae )
• Opostegidae

• Superfamily Incurvarioidea Erzglanzmotten ( Heliozelidae )
• Longhorn moth ( Adelidae )
• Yucca moths ( Prodoxidae )
• Cecidosidae
• Miniersackmotten ( Incurvariidae )
• Crinopterygidae

• Superfamily Palaephatoidea Palaephatidae

• Superfamily Tischerioidea Schopf forehead moths ( Tischeriidae )

• Superfamily Tineoidea True moths ( Tineidae )
• Eriocottidae
• Lypusidae
• Acrolophidae
• True Sackträger ( Psychidae )

• Superfamily Gracillarioidea Roeslerstammidae
• Wippflügelfalter ( Douglasiidae )
• Zwergwickler ( Bucculatricidae )
• Leaf miners or leaf bag moths ( Gracillariidae )

• Superfamily Yponomeutoidea Web and buds moths ( Yponomeutidae )
• Ypsolophidae
• Veil and half moth ( Plutellidae )
• Acrolepiidae
• Round forehead moths or Wippmotten ( Glyphipterigidae )
• Heliodinidae
• Bedelliidae
• Long-horned leaf leaf miners or snake leafminer ( Lyonetiidae )

• Superfamily Gelechioidea Grass leaf miner ( Elachistidae )
• Xyloryctidae
• Chimabachidae
• Glyphidoceridae
• Schistonoeidae
• Decaying wood moths ( Oecophoridae )
• Lecithoceridae
• Batrachedridae
• Deoclonidae
• Miniersackträger or Sackträger moths ( Coleophoridae )
• Autostichidae
• Peleopodidae
• Amphisbatidae
• Beauty butterfly ( Cosmopterigidae )
• Palpenmotten ( Gelechiidae )

• Superfamily Zygaenoidea Epipyropidae
• Cyclotornidae
• Himantopteridae
• Anomoeotidae
• Megalopygidae
• Somabrachyidae
• Aididae
• Worm Spinner, Spinner Assel or sign moths ( Limacodidae )
• Dalceridae
• Lacturidae
• Federwidderchen ( Heterogynidae )
• Widderchen or blood droplets ( Zygaenidae )

• Superfamily Sesioidea Brachodidae
• Clearwing ( Sesiidae )
• Castniidae

• Superfamily Cossoidea Wood drill ( Cossidae )
• Dudgeoneidae

• Superfamily Tortricoidea Wrapper or leaf rollers ( Tortricidae )
• Galacticidae

• Superfamily Simaethistoidea Simaethistidae

• Superfamily Choreutoidea Spreizflügelfalter ( Choreutidae )

• Superfamily Urodoidea Urodidae

• Superfamily Schreckensteinioidea Schreckensteiniidae

• Superfamily Epermenioidea Dental wing butterfly ( Epermeniidae )

• Superfamily Alucitoidea Tineodidae
• Federgeistchen ( Alucitidae )

• Superfamily Pterophoroidea Spring moths ( Pterophoridae )

• Superfamily Copromorphoidea Copromorphidae
• Fruchtwickler ( Carposinidae )

• About Family Realty Idea Immidae

• Superfamily Hyblaeoidea Hyblaeidae

• Superfamily Thyridoidea Window spot ( Thyrididae )

• Superfamily Whalleyanoidea Whalleyanidae

• Superfamily Pyraloidea Corn borer ( Pyralidae )
• Crambidae

• Superfamily Axioidea Axiidae

• Superfamily Calliduloidea Callidulidae

• Superfamily Papilionoidea Skipper ( Hesperiidae )
• Hedylidae
• Swallowtail Butterfly ( Papilionidae )
• White (Pieridae )
• Large Blues ( Lycaenidae )
• Dice butterfly ( Riodinidae )
• Brush-footed Butterflies ( Nymphalidae )

• Superfamily Drepanoidea Epicopeiidae
• Sichelflügler ( Drepanidae )

• Superfamily Geometroidea Sematuridae
• Urania moth ( Uraniidae )
• Tensioner ( Geometridae )

• Superfamily Mimallonoidea Mimallonidae

• Superfamily Lasiocampoidea Anthelidae

• Superfamily Bombycoidea Eupterotidae
• True Spinner ( Bombycidae )
• Birch Spinner ( Endromidae )
• Mirinidae
• Peacock moth ( Saturniidae )
• Carthaeidae
• Meadow moth ( Lemoniidae )
• Brahma Spinner ( Brahmaeidae )
• Moth ( Sphingidae )

• Superfamily Noctuoidea Oenosandridae
• Tooth Spinner ( Notodontidae )
• Doidae
• Cutworms ( Noctuidae )
• Pantheidae
• Trägspinner ( Lymantriidae )
• Kahneulchen ( Nolidae )
• Tiger moths ( Arctiidae )