Üsküdar
Template: Infobox city in Turkey / Maintenance / County
Template: Infobox city in Turkey / Maintenance / EinwohnerOrtFehlt
Üsküdar is the capital of the district of the Turkish province of İstanbul as well as a district on the Asian side of İstanbul.
History
In ancient times it was known as Chrysopolis, later Escutari or Scutari, of which the present name derives Üsküdar.
Chrysopolis (Greek Χρυσόπολις, " Golden City" ) was an ancient city on the south side of the Bosphorus opposite Constantinople Opel. Its port possessed in antiquity as in the Byzantine and Ottoman periods of great importance as one of the major transitions between Asia Minor and Europe.
The place was probably founded in the 6th century BC. Although he was called by Emperor Justinian I, " the largest town of the West", but he was never Polis spite of the name, but part of the city of Chalcedon.
The meaning of the name was already in antiquity no longer safe explainable. Some sources say he 'll go back to being the Persians would have been a collection point for gold sales of the Greek cities here. More often, however, is the statement that here Chrysos was buried.
On September 18, 324 here won the Emperor Constantine I. with his fleet over Licinius at the Battle of Chrysopolis.
In the Middle Ages the town under the name Skutarion ( Scutari ) is known, it is the Turkish name Üsküdar developed.
The monastery Chrysopolis is thus known that 613/14 ( BBKL ) or 630 ( Stadler Holy lexicon ) of the former imperial secretary Maximus the Confessor came there and was elected abbot. He remained there until he had to flee from the Persians to North Africa 626 and 640, respectively.
The Byzantine Emperor Michael III. ( 842-867 ) was buried in Chrysopolis, but then Leon VI. transferred to Constantinople Opel.
1003 banished the patriarch Sergios II Symeon, the disciples and the (new) theologians, after Chrysopolis, where he was the village Palutikon in a dilapidated oratorio the hl. Marina was ordained, settled. Even after rehabilitation he stayed and built a new monastery.
The Turkish First Army has its headquarters in the Selimiye Barracks ( Selimiye Kışlası ) in Üsküdar.
Üsküdar as an Asian district of Istanbul
Today Üsküdar is a large residential city. The cityscape with old buildings is well preserved. Among ancient mosques, madrasas, Islamic buildings of sheikhs and Tarikats which are still being used. From a hill in the district, the Çamlıca Hill (Turkish Çamlıca Tepesi ), which is widely recognized by the standing thereon antenna systems, there is a magnificent view over the whole city. The landmark Üsküdars is located in the Bosphorus Maiden's Tower (Turkish: Kiz 's Tower ), a former lighthouse, which now houses a restaurant and a café are.
In the quarter Selimiye is the Haydarpaşa Railway station are, at the end all trains from the east. This was built with German aid station was the starting point of the Baghdad Railway. Here Florence Nightingale had its reputation as the "Lady with the Lamp" gained during the Crimean War.
In the quarter harem adjoining Selimiye, is the second Istanbul bus station. From here is mostly on modern buses from almost all cities of the Anatolian part of Turkey.
- District of Üsküdar are ( from south to north ) Selimiye, Harem, Kuzguncuk, Beylerbeyi, Çengelköy, Vaniköy and Kandilli.