Vahlia

Vahlia is the only plant genus of the family of Vahliaceae. The only five to a maximum of eight kinds are only in the Old World of Africa including Madagascar to the Indian Subkontinentverbreitet.

Description

The Vahlia species are one or two herbaceous perennials or subshrubs. The against-constant leaves are simple and entire. Stipules are not available.

In zymösen inflorescences, the flowers are usually together in pairs. The relatively small, hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and fünfzählig double perianth. There are five sepals present. The five petals are free. There is only one circuit available with five stamens, which are mutually free. Two or three carpels are fused to an under standing, unilocular ovary. The two to three free stamp border in capitate scars.

There are two to dreifächerige formed capsule fruits that contain many (50 to 200) tiny seeds.

Dissemination and evolution

The Vahlia species occur only in the Old World. Their distribution areas are located in sub-Saharan Africa, in Madagascar, East Africa, Iraq, and on the Indian subcontinent.

There are few fossil finds, the Vahliaceae family could be assigned. From the Upper Cretaceous in Sweden Scandianthus been described that can be carefully introduced into the vicinity of the genus Vahlia. Scandianthus have ten stamens, a unilocular ovary with apical -lateral placentation, free pen and opening, septizide fruit. There are pollen from the Oligocene and Miocene discoveries.

System

The Vahliaceae family is allocated to any order within the Euasteriden I, their position within the Euasteriden I is still unclear. A synonym of Vahliaceae ( Reichb. ) Dandy is Vahliales Doweld.

Vahlia is the only genus in the family of Vahliaceae. The genus Vahlia was established by Carl Peter Thunberg. The genus name honors Vahlia the Norwegian -Danish botanist Martin Vahl. A synonym for Vahlia Thunb. is Bistella Adans. The genus was formerly placed in Vahlia the Saxifragaceae family.

There are five to eight Vahlia types:

  • Vahlia capensis ( L. f ) Thunb. It is equipped with three subspecies and four varieties in southern Africa spread in the red list of endangered plant species in South Africa as " Least Concern " = " not at risk " are: Vahlia capensis ( L. f ) Thunb. subsp. capensis (syn.: Bistella capensis (L f ) Bullock, Russelia capensis L. f, Vahlia capensis ( L. f ) thunb Vahlia glandulosa Schltr ex Engl. .. ): It comes only in the South African provinces of Limpopo, Northern Cape, Western Cape and North-West before.
  • Vahlia capensis subsp. ellipticifolia Bridson
  • Vahlia capensis subsp. vulgaris Bridson: Vahlia capensis subsp. vulgaris var latifolia Burtt Davy: It occurs only in the South African province of Gauteng.
  • Vahlia capensis subsp. vulgaris var linearis E.Mey. ex Bridson (syn.: Vahlia cynodonteti Dinter )
  • Vahlia capensis subsp. vulgaris var longifolia ( Gand. ) Bridson ( syn: Vahlia capensis sensu JHRoss, Vahlia longifolia Gand. )
  • Vahlia capensis subsp. vulgaris var vulgaris Bridson
  • Vahlia somalensis Chiov. subsp. somalensis
  • Vahlia somalensis subsp. goddingii ( Bruce ) Bridson ( syn: Vahlia goddingii EABruce )

Swell

  • The Vahliaceae in APWebsite family. (Sections systematics and description)
  • Description of the family of Vahliaceae at DELTA. ( Description section )
  • Else Marie Friis, Peter R. Crane, Kaj Pedersen Raunsgaard: Early Flowers and Angiosperm Evolution. Cambridge University Press, 2011, ISBN 978-1-13949-638-4, S. 380 ( Vahliaceae in the Google Book Search ).
Asterids Ludwig Reichenbach James Edgar Dandy Ovary (botany) Stigma (botany) Mali Angiosperm Phylogeny Group Digital Object Identifier Agricultural Research Service
797343
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