Australian federal election, 2013
- Laboratory: 55
- Greens: 1
- Indep. 2
- KAP: 1
- Coalition: 90
- PUP: 1
- Laboratory: 31
- Greens: 9
- Independently: 1.
- Coalition: 33
- PUP: 0
- Otherwise: 1.
The parliamentary election in Australia in 2013 was held on September 7. Here, the total grows to 44 Australian parliament was elected. It stood in the main, the incumbent Labor ( ALP) party leader Kevin Rudd and his challenger Tony Abbott, who is supported by a bourgeois coalition of Liberals, the Liberal National Party in Queensland and the National Party of Australia, opposite. The election was clearly won by the bourgeois coalition parties.
Prehistory
In the previous election in 2010, there was a hung parliament to, ie to a stalemate between the Labor Party and the opposition parties of the bourgeois camp came. Then it came with the support of a few independent members of parliament to form a minority Labor government led by the former Labor chairman and incumbent Prime Minister Julia Gillard. Due to the narrow majority ratios their government, however, was clearly concentrated in their room for maneuver. Major decisions that were made during her reign, were a turning point in the previous laboratory asylum, after asylum seekers boat people now outside Australia must wait for the decision on their asylum application, and an environmental policy for the damping of CO2 emissions with the introduction of a carbon tax. In the Australian public, the Prime Minister never achieved real popularity. In public opinion polls, the Labor Party fell way short of the bourgeois opposition parties. In addition, during her tenure smoldered the intra-party power struggles of the Labor Party, and came open in June 2013 to the outbreak, as Gillard's long-standing intra-party rival and former Preminierminister Kevin Rudd asserted itself in a crucial vote for the chairmanship of the Labor Party with 57 to 45 votes against Gillard. The Prime Minister then made true its announcement before the vote and took effect on June 26, 2013 and returned as prime minister. On June 27, 2013 Rudd was sworn in as the new Prime Minister. In his inaugural speech, he criticized his predecessor, without mention her name directly, sharp, there had been during her tenure too much " negativity ", a " loss of confidence " and a loss of prestige of Parliament and it was nothing has been done to the pressing problems of Australia to solve.
The leading in the latest polls leading candidate of the opposition parties, who already in 2010 been encountered Tony Abbott, said in regard to the replacement of Prime Minister believe that the Australians would now have " enough of the soap opera" earned and a new leadership.
Tony Abbott (LPA ), candidate of the bourgeois opposition parties
Christine Milne, top candidate of the Australian Greens
Clive Palmer, top candidate of the Palmer United Party
Electioneering
For a main issue in the election, the asylum policy developed. While Australia had operated for many decades a relatively liberal asylum policy, this had changed since about the early 1990s under the impression steadily anwachsener asylum figures. Asylum seekers without valid residence rights were housed in the central camps and partly in the framework of the " Pacific Solution" on islands far from the continent of Australia, or in countries with which Australia had concluded agreements (Papua New Guinea, Nauru ) brought. These states were given in return for receiving such persons significant cash payments from Australia. Recognized asylum seekers were given only a right to stay in these countries and were not allowed to settle in Australia. This practice met with considerable criticism from human rights organizations, including the part of UNHCR and the political left in Australia. As a laboratory at the Australian parliamentary elections in 2007 came to power, this practice was abandoned, however, set up in 2012 under the Labor government of Julia Gillard again. During the campaign, representing both opponents, Tony Abbott and Kevin Rudd, a tough stance on asylum issues. Abbott argued for the use of the military against people smugglers, who would bring asylum-seeking boat people to Australia from. Recognised refugees should only receive temporary residence permits and should again be deported to their country of origin if there would be no more threat. Rudd called for the establishment of recognized refugees in New Guinea, that is outside Australia. Representatives of the Australian Greens have criticized these models as " cruelty " against persons who have fled from war, torture and persecution.
Another campaign issue was the economic and environmental policy. In a campaign speech, Rudd stressed that it was Australia managed to stay out of the global recession following the financial crisis in 2007. He stressed the need for the Australian economy should be diversified. The carbon tax should be gradually transformed into an emissions trading on the European model according to the ideas of the laboratory. In 2020, Australia should have a 20% share of renewable energies. Abbott also promised to strengthen the Australian economy under a national- liberal coalition and the elimination of carbon tax. In order to reduce emissions industry and agriculture are supported with government subsidies. Total government spending should be significantly reduced by spending cuts but to get to a balanced budget. The Greens supported the retention of the carbon tax and spoke out against the construction of new coal-fired power plants. Controversial was the expansion of broadband Internet network, where laboratory and Green wanted to make for much higher investment, while the National Liberal translated in part on pre-existing copper cable networks.
Suffrage
Were elected the 150 members of the House of Representatives and 40 of the 76 members of the Senate. There was elective.
The election of members of the House of Representatives took place in 150 one-person constituencies. Here, the instant runoff voting was used. In this case, the voter numbers the candidates in the constituency in the order you want it. This necessarily had all the candidates are ranked, otherwise the ballot is invalid.
For the Senate half of the twelve senators elected per state. These senators take office on 1 July 2014. In addition, the two senators from the two territories were re-elected. These senators took office immediately after the election on. The 2010 selected in the states of senators remain in office until 2017.
Results
Won constituencies by state
The constituencies gained are distributed among the states and administrative units of New South Wales (NSW), Victoria ( VIC), Queensland ( QLD), Western Australia (WA), South Australia ( SA), Tasmania (TAS), Australian Capital Territory (ACT ) and Northern Territory (NT) as follows:
House of Representatives
The turnout was 94.09 % and 5.91 % of the votes were invalid. The announcement of the final results lasted until November 1, 2013, as the election results in the constituency Fairfax (Queensland ) very nearly precipitated and was only confirmed after re- counting of votes ( 50.03% to 49.97 %).
Senate
Newly elected, 40 seats of the Federal States (6 per State, 36 in total) as well as the seats of the territories (2 per territory ). It was separate elections for each individual state and each territory.